Genetic polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme, actinin 3 and paraoxonase 1 genes in women with diabetes and hypertension

ABSTRACT Objective: To study associations between polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE I/D), actinin 3 (ACTN3 R577X) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1 T(-107)C) genes and chronic diseases (diabetes and hypertension) in women. Materials and methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva samples of 78 women between 18 and 59 years old used for genetic polymorphism screening. Biochemical data were collected from the medical records in Basic Health Units from Southern Brazil. Questionnaires about food consumption, physical activity level and socioeconomic status were applied. Results: The XX genotype of ACTN3 was associated with low HDL levels and high triglycerides, total cholesterol and glucose levels. Additionally, high triglycerides and LDL levels were observed in carriers of the TT genotype of PON1, and lower total cholesterol levels were associated to the CC genotype. As expected, women with diabetes/hypertense had increased body weight, BMI (p = 0.02), waist circumference (p = 0.01), body fat percentage, blood pressure (p = 0.02), cholesterol, triglycerides (p = 0.02), and blood glucose (p = 0.01), when compared to the control group. Conclusion: Both ACTN3 R577X and PON1 T(-107)C polymorphisms are associated with nutritional status and blood glucose and lipid levels in women with diabetes/hypertense. These results contribute to genetic knowledge about predisposition to obesity-related diseases.

Impact of COVID-19-related lockdown on metabolic syndrome variables in healthcare workers with pre-existing metabolic syndrome: A prospective study

Background: An extraordinary impact on health-care personnel has been caused by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a health-care crisis. Aims and Objectives: Our aim was to assess the effects of a changing lifestyle on anthropometric measurements, blood glucose levels, atherogenic lipid profiles, and blood pressure over the course of a year in Indian healthcare workers (HCWs). Materials and Methods: A prospective study was carried out on 40 HCWs including 23 male and 17 females between the age of 22 and 59 years. The study was conducted in the Department of Physiology and the Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Kathua, UT of Jammu and Kashmir. Informed written consent was obtained from the subjects and ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Height, weight, waist circumference, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured using standard methods. Body mass index was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. Results: The present study found statistically significant increase in systolic blood pressure and statistically significant decrease in mean HDL-cholesterol before and after COVID-19 pandemic in HCWs. Conclusion: The onset of metabolic syndrome and its potential effects could be stopped by early use of preventative interventions in the changed parameters.

A study of the effect of yoga on C-reactive protein, lipid profile and insulin resistance in obese patients

Background: Obesity is defined as a state of excess adipose tissue mass. In the last decade, there has been an alarming prevalence of obesity in the developed and developing countries like India. While modern medicine has so far been unable to control the menace of obesity, yoga offers an alternative holistic approach to tackle the problem of obesity by inculcating an approach towards balanced diet (Satwik aahar), physical activity and behavior modification (through pranayama). In this study, we have included the core anthropometric parameters of obesity, as well as associated abnormalities secondary to obesity like, insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidemia. Methods: The study was conducted in the department of medicine, L.L.R.M. Medical College and associated S.V.B.P. Hospital, Meerut, U.P. during 2020-2021 with the objective to assess the role of yoga therapy in modifying anthropometric and biochemical parameters of obese patients. It was a prospective, controlled trial in which 120 obese patients (BMI?25 kg/m2) were enrolled and followed for a period of six months.Results: Yoga therapy along with dietary restrictions is highly effective in improving the various anthropometric and biochemical parameters in obese patients and also beneficial in controlling complicationslike hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemias secondary to obesity. It also improved the quality of life of these patients.Conclusions: This study is a modest attempt to ascertain the role of yoga in obesity and it hopes to encourage further research in the field.

Trace Element Levels and Socio-Demography of Pre-Teen Nigerians with Homozygous Sickle Cell Disorder

Objectives: Homozygous sickle cell disorder (SCD) children are known to have abnormal anthropometric parameters which mostly have been linked with altered zinc status. Alteration in trace element status which occurs from interaction between essential and non-essential elements has not been well studied in SCD. Therefore, the aim of the study is to relate concentrations of Zn, Cd, and Pb with anthropometric parameters. Moreover, it will be established if correlation (interaction) exists between zinc and these two non-essential elements. Methods: Twenty-seven SCD patients and 25 age and sex-matched children with hemoglobin genotype HbAA served as test and control groups respectively. Anthropometric parameters and information on demography, dietary zinc status and socio-economic status were obtained. The plasma and red cells obtained from 5 mL of blood were used to determine zinc and heavy metal (Pb, Cd) levels respectively by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were analyzed using Student`s t-test, Chi- square test, and Pearson抯 correlation coefficient. P< 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were significant differences in the mean values of mid-upper-arm circumference, weight and BMI. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in mean values of head circumference, height and the trace elements in test and control groups. No association between trace elements and BMI as well as between dietary zinc content and socio-economic status was observed. Conclusion: the result of the study suggests there is no correlation between the toxic metals and zinc, and it seems that toxic metals play no role in abnormal BMI that is a common feature of SCD.

Estimativa da taxa de pico de fluxo expiratório em jovens indianos / Estimation of peak expiratory flow rate in young Indians

INTRODUÇÃO: O pico de fluxo expiratório (PFE) é comumente usado para monitorar a progressão de doenças respiratórias, pois fornece boas informações sobre o estado das vias aéreas. Uma boa quantidade de pesquisas está sendo feita em todo o mundo para estabelecer uma equação de previsão local. A força-tarefa conjunta da Sociedade Torácica Americana e da Sociedade Respiratória Europeia promoveu pesquisas a esse respeito. Na Índia, os dados derivados da população caucasiana ainda são usados para o PFE. OBJETIVO: Estudar a relação dos parâmetros do PFE e os dados antropométricos como idade, altura, peso, índice de massa corporal (IMC), área de superfície corporal (ASC) e estabelecer uma equação de regressão para jovens adultos indianos. MÉTODOS: PFE foi feito em 1000 sujeitos de 15-25 anos da região metropolitana de Mumbai. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi usado para entender a relação dos parâmetros antropométricos e PFE. A análise de regressão multivariada foi feita para estabelecer uma equação de predição. (Alfa 5%) RESULTADOS: Idade e todos os parâmetros antropométricos foram correlacionados com PFE. O pico de fluxo expiratório médio da população masculina foi de 515 ml / seg, enquanto a feminina foi de 399 ml / seg. Para o PFE, a maior correlação foi observada com a ASC seguida de altura, peso e idade, enquanto o IMC apresentou o menor coeficiente de correlação. TPFE teve a melhor significância com a idade, ASC, altura e IMC. Teve menos significado com o peso. No sexo feminino, a TPFE teve a melhor significância com altura, peso, IMC e idade. CONCLUSÃO: Existem diferenças de gênero na TPFE. Portanto, equações específicas de gênero são necessárias para a estimativa da TPFE

INTRODUCTION: Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) is commonly used to monitor the progression of respiratory diseases as it gives good information about the status of airways. A good amount of research is going across the world to establish a local prediction equation. The joint task force of the American thoracic society and European Respiratory Society has promoted research in this regard. In India, data derived from the Caucasian population are still used for PEFR. OBJECTIVE: To verify the relationship between PEF levels and the variables age, sex, anthropometric and body surface area, and establish the regression equation for young Indian adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 15-25 years aged 1000 subjects from the Metropolitan region of Mumbai. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to understand the relation of anthropometric parameters and PEFR. Multivariate regression analysis was done for establishing a prediction equation (Alpha 5%). RESULTS: Age and all anthropometric parameters were correlated with PEFR. The mean PEFR of the male population was 515 ml/sec, whereas, for females, it was 399 ml/sec, for PEFR highest correlation was observed with BSA (.696) followed by weight (.667), height (.630), age (.504) whereas BMI shown lowest correlation coefficient (.445). PEFR had the best significance with age, BSA, Height, and BMI. It had less significance with weight. In females, PEFR had the best significance with Height, weight, BMI, and Age. CONCLUSION: Gender-wise differences exist in PEFR. Hence gender-specific equations are needed for the estimation of PEFR.

Study of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy compared to nasogastric tube feeding in patients requiring prolong enteral nutritional support

Background: The aims and objectives of this article were to compare the advantages, disadvantages associated with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and nasogastric (NG) tube and also to compare complications, to measure the outcomes in terms of hospital stay, mortality and improvement in nutritional status.Methods: In this prospective and interventional study 25 patients were selected in each group on an alternate basis. Study was conducted on cases of traumatic brain injury and cerebrovascular accident patients admitted in Department of General Surgery, IGGMC for a period of November 2013- November 2015 with a need to provide prolonged enteral nutritional support. Each patient was assessed by a dietician and received a standard enteral feeding according to their body weight. The main outcome was measures at 4 weeks were complications (tube dislodgement, aspiration pneumonia, tube blockade and peristomal infections) and nutritional status.Results: The anthropometric parameters (mid arm circumference, biceps skin fold thickness and triceps skin fold thickness) and serum albumin showed a rise in PEG group at 4 weeks when compared to baseline (0 week) whereas they showed a decline in NG group at follow up (4 weeks). The NG group has got higher mortality 4 (17%) when compared to PEG group 2 (7%) due to aspiration pneumonia. Hence, PEG is better tolerated with lesser complications better nutritional support as assessed by the anthropometric parameters at 4 weeks.Conclusions: We conclude that whenever feasible percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) feeding is a choice over nasogastric (NG) feeding in patients requiring long term enteral support.

Role of sleep duration and quality with central obesity in Indians

Background: With increasing evidence of association between metabolic diseases with sleep disorders, we tried to look for association between the sleep and various anthropometric parameters of obesity. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to correlate quality and duration of sleep with various grades of obesity. Materials and Methods: About 88 diabesity subjects were included in the study after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criterion. There various anthropometric data were collected and sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistical method was done using SPSS 18.0 for data analysis. Pearson correlation, Chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests were used. Results: The mean PSQI total value for men was 4.45 ± 3.45, and for female, it was 5.85 ± 3.78. The mean PSQI value of rural population was 4.35 ± 3.23 and that of urban population 5.05 ± 3.71. There was increase in the sleep score as grades of obesity increased, but this increase was statistically insignificant (P = 0.265). Pearson correlation coefficient was obtained for anthropometric values and PSQI total. The correlation coefficient r value for was 0.135 for age, 0.080 for waist circumference, 0.081 for hip, −0.039 for waist-hip ratio, and 0.067 for body mass index. Conclusion: The study results showed no correlation between sleep quality as assessed by PSQI and various anthropometric parameters.

Ingesta alimentaria y composición corporal asociadas a síndrome metabólico en estudiantes universitarios / Dietary intake and body composition associated with metabolic syndrome in university students

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la relación de la ingesta alimentaria (IA) y la composición corporal (CMC) con el síndrome metabólico (SM) entre estudiantes universitarios. Participaron 50 alumnos (56% mujeres) de entre 19 y 25 años de edad (M = 20.58, DE = 1.86), quienes completaron un cuestionario dirigido a evaluar IA, además se recabaron parámetros bioquímicos y de CMC. De acuerdo con el porcentaje de grasa corporal (PG), se identificó una alta ocurrencia de sobrepeso (22%) y obesidad (38%). Además, la grasa visceral incrementó conforme aumentó el PG. En ambos sexos existió un consumo bajo de hidratos de carbono y alto en lípidos, mayormente de origen animal, así como alto consumo de grasas saturadas, pero bajo de omegas 3 y 6. El SM fue identificado en 20% de la muestra, principalmente mujeres. El criterio de riesgo más frecuente fue los bajos niveles séricos de colesterol HDL, seguido de la obesidad abdominal; en tanto que la dislipidemia más frecuente fue la hipertrigliceridemia. En este estudio, aunque no se encontró relación directa entre IA y SM, si de éste con indicadores de CMC. Resulta inminente la necesidad de implementar estrategias que permitan a los estudiantes universitarios adquirir hábitos alimentarios y de actividad física saludables.

Abstract The objective of this study was to know the relationship between dietary intake (DI) and body composition (BC) with the metabolic syndrome (MS) among university students. A total of 50 students (56% female) among 19 and 25 years of age (M = 20.58, SD = 1.86), completed a questionnaire aimed at assessing DI, in addition biochemical and BC parameters were collected. According to the percentage of body fat (BF), a high prevalence of overweight (22%) and obesity (38%) was identified. In addition, visceral fat increased as the BF increased. In both sexes, there was a low consumption of carbohydrates and high in lipids, mostly of animal fat as well as high consumption of saturated fats, but low omegas 3 y 6. The MS was identified in 20% of the sample, mainly in women. The most frequently risk criteria were low levels of HDL cholesterol, followed by abdominal obesity; whereas the most frequent dyslipidemia was hypertriglyceridemia. In this study, although no direct relationship was found between DI and MS, it was found between MS and BC indicators. It is imminent the need to implement strategies that allow university students to acquire healthy eating and physical activity habits.

Evaluación del aporte nutricional del amaranto (amaranthus caudatus linnaeus), quinua (chenopodium quinoa willd) y tarwi (lupinus mutabilis sweet) en el desayuno / Evaluation of the nutritional contribution of amaranto (amaranthus caudatus linnaeus), quinua (chenopodium quinoa willd) and tarwi (lupinus mutabilis sweet) at breakfast

El amaranto, quinua y tarwi, son alimentos (cereales) de gran valor nutritivo y medicinal, consecuentemente es importante estudiar estas propiedades para el beneficio en la calidad de la alimentación (por su contenido en macronutrientes) como para la prevención de enfermedades. El desayuno como primera comida que se consume en el día cumple una función esencial, debido a que cubre las primeras necesidades nutricionales requeridas por el organismo, para la obtención de fuentes de energía, materias primas en la biosíntesis de compuestos necesarios para el sistema inmune, y otros. En este trabajo se realizó una evaluación de las propiedades nutritivas de estos productos cuando se complementan al desayuno, principalmente a través de la valoración de la ingesta calórica y los macronutrientes, medición de parámetros antropométricos y otros. Después del consumo del amaranto, quinua y/o tarwi en el desayuno en un grupo de voluntarias (estudiantes) durante 4 semanas, se observó una disminución significativa de los parámetros antropométricos relacionados con el Peso, Circunferencia de la Cintura (CCi) e Índice de masa corporal (IMC). Este estudio también reveló que, el consumo calórico (kcal/día) en el desayuno de este grupo, fue bajo y moderado con un promedio de 279,7 ± 70,9 kcal/día, equivalente al 14 % del GET (Gasto energético total). También se evidenció una pobre ingesta de hidratos de carbono, proteínas, grasas y una deficiente ingesta de fibra dietética (44,8± 14,1; 9,8 ± 3,5; 7,3 ± 2,2 y 0,04 ± 0,08 g/díarespectivamente). Efectos significativos fueron observado en el aumento del aporte calórico (57,9; 58,1 (p<0,05); 59,6 (p<0,01); Kcal/día con el amaranto, quinua y tarwi, respectivamente, así como en los macronutrientes.

Amaranth, Quinoa and Tarwi, are foods with extraordinary nutritional and medicinal properties. The study of these properties is important to improve the feed quality and prevent diseases in the population. Breakfast as the first meal consumed in the day fulfills an essential function, because it covers the first nutritional needs required by the body, for obtaining sources of energy, raw materials in the biosynthesis of compounds necessary for the immune system, and others. In this work an evaluation of the nutritional properties of these products was carried out when they complement the breakfast, mainly through the evaluation of the caloric intake and the macronutrients, anthropometric parameters measurement and others. After consumption of amaranth, quinoa and / or tarwi at breakfast in a group of volunteers (students) for 4 weeks, a significant decrease in the anthropometric parameters related to Weight, Waist Circumference (CCi) and Index of Body mass (BMI). This study also revealed that the caloric intake (kcal / day) in this group's breakfast was low and moderate with an average of 279.7 ± 70.9 kcal / day, equivalent to 14% of GET (Total Energy Expenditure). Indeed, poor dietary intake of carbohydrates, proteins, fats and fiber (44.8 ± 14.1, 9.8 ± 3.5, 7.3 ± 2.2 and 0.04 ± 0.08 g / day respectively) was evidenced. The results showed significant effects on the increase in caloric intake (57.9, 58.1 = p <0.05, 59.6 = p <0.01), Kcal/day with amaranth, quinoa and tarwi respectively, As well as in macronutrients.

Study of anthropometric parameters in children (18-25 years) of diabetic parents in medical students, Agra

Background: Bariatric surgery is seen as one of the most successful option for the control of morbid obesity and obesity related complications. Although, there are many surgical options available the Lincey Alexida, Xiaohua Qi, Patrick B. Asdell, José M. Martínez Landrón, Samarth B. Patel, Faustino Allongo. Frederick Tiesenga. Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Band as a Revision Surgery for Failed Vertical Gastric Sleeve or Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass. IAIM, 2017; 4(12): 37-42. Page 38 laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy and the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are among the most selected treatment methods. Even though the sleeve gastrectomy and the gastric bypass has proven to be efficacious in weight reduction in morbid obesity there are still some reported failures. Aim: This study main objective is to see if an adjustable gastric band can be offered as a sensible option for patients who have had a previously failed vertical sleeve gastrectomy or the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The procedure will be classified as a revision surgery to increase the possibilities of additional weight loss not achieved with the sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgery alone. Method: A retrospective review of the charts for all the bariatric patients from April 2012 to April 2017 was conducted. The chart review yielded 12 patients who underwent either adjustable band over a previously failed vertical sleeve procedure or the adjustable band over a previously failed Roux-enY gastric bypass procedure. The patients were divided into two groups, group A and B. Group A is comprised of the 8 out 12 patients who had a previous failed gastric sleeve procedure. Group B has the remaining 4 patients who had a failed gastric bypass procedure. Observation: Both groups who underwent adjustable gastric band laparoscopically as a revision procedure after a two year follow up appointment showed Group A had a mean estimate weight loss of 30.75 lbs. (11%) with a mean Body Mass Index of 40.7 kg/m2 and Group B had a mean estimate weight loss of 42 lbs. (15%) with a mean Body Mass Index of 36.77 kg/m2 . Group A had an Excess Body Weight Loss of 27% at 1 month and 33% at the 2 year follow up and Group B had an Excess Body Weight Loss of 42.2%. Group B had an Excess Body Weight Loss of 15.1 % at 1 month and 42.2% at the 2 year follow up. Conclusion: Group A had an average of 27% Excess Body Weight Loss and Group B had an Excess Body Weight Loss of 15.1% after 1 month on follow up. Our study was limited by the small sample size. We suggest that further investigational studies, with greater and more diverse sample sizes, be conducted to assure the benefit of using the adjustable gastric band as a revision surgery. Based on our results we conclude that the adjustable gastric band as a revision surgery is a promising and sensible alternative treatment option for patients with a previously failed laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy or a failed Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Effects of Micronutrient Supplementation on CD4+ Cell Count and Anthropometric Parameters in HIV-Positive Adults on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and Treatment Naïve in Sokoto, Nigeria.

Aims: To examine the effects of micronutrient supplementation on CD4+ cell count and anthropometric parameters in 210 HIV-positive adult patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy and treatment naïve. Study Design: A prospective and interventional study was performed comparing five groups receiving daily either a micronutrients (Centrum) supplement or no supplement for 12 months, and the effects of micronutrients supplementation on CD4+ cell count and anthropometric parameters from baseline to 12 months were assessed. Place and Duration of Study: Antiretroviral Therapy Clinic, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto and Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, between April, 2013 and September, 2014.

Anthropometric parameters of cadets among different military sports / Parámetros antropométricos de cadetes entre los diferentes deportes militares

This study compared anthropometric parameters among different military sports. One hundred and seventy male cadets of the Brazilian Air Force Academy, who were participants of athletics (n= 33, 20.5±1.3 years), basketball (n= 11, 19.9±1.8 years), fencing (n= 10, 19.9±0.7 years), soccer (n= 21, 20.9±1.6 years), judo (n= 17, 20.7±1.0 years), swimming (n= 15, 20.4±1.2 years), orienteering (n= 10, 21.3±1.6 years), military pentathlon (n= 11, 20.7±1.2 years), water polo (n=10, 21.1±0.9 years), shooting (n= 18, 21.3±1.2 years) or volleyball (n= 14, 20.9±1.7 years) military competitive teams, participated in this study. Height, body mass, body mass index, fat percentage, lean body mass, fat mass, waist and hip perimeters, and waist-hip ratio were measured. Main effects were detected for height, body mass, body mass index, lean body mass, waist and hip perimeters. The only significant finding was that orienteers present lower lean body mass than volleyball and water polo players. These results point out the homogeneity of group anthropometric parameters (except lean body mass), suggesting that military coaches do not rely on the anthropometric parameters, but on specific skills demonstrated during initial period of practice to choose athletes for their teams.

Este estudio comparó los parámetros antropométricos entre cadetes que practican diferentes deportes militares. Ciento setenta cadetes hombres de la Academia de la Fuerza Aérea, que eran participantes de equipos militares competitivos de atletismo (n= 33, 20,5±1,3 años), baloncesto (n= 11, 19,9±1,8 años), esgrima (n= 10, 19,9±0,7 años), fútbol (n=21, 20,9±1,6 años), judo (n= 17, 20,7±1,0 años), natación (n= 15, 20,4±1,2 años), orientación (n= 10, 21,3±1,6 años), pentatlón militar (n= 11, 20,7±1,2 años), polo acuático (n= 10, 21,1±0,9 años), tiro (n= 18, 21,3±1,2 años) y voleibol (n= 14, 20,9±1,7 años) participaron en este estudio. Se midió la altura, masa corporal, índice de masa corporal, porcentaje de grasa corporal, masa magra, masa grasa, perímetros de cintura y cadera, y la relación cintura-cadera. No se detectaron variaciones de altura, masa corporal, índice de masa corporal, masa magra corporal, perímetro de cintura y cadera. El único hallazgo significativo fue que los orientadores tenían una masa corporal magra más baja que los jugadores de voléibol y polo acuático. Estos resultados apuntan a la homogeneidad de los parámetros antropométricos en grupos (excepto la masa magra), lo que sugiere que los instructores militares no dependen de los parámetros antropométricos, sino de las habilidades específicas demostradas durante el período de la práctica inicial en la selección de los atletas para sus equipos.

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) in Relation to Selected Anthropometric Parameters in Healthy Adult Males of Kumaun Region of India: A Comparative Study.

Background: PEF is a reasonably good measure of ventilatory function. It varies with various anthropometric parameters, geographical location of the subjects as well as various disease processes. Objective: To assess the relationship between PEF and certain selected anthropometric parameters and to devise prediction equation based upon these parameters. Materials and Methods: Three hundred healthy male adults in the age group of 18-60 years have been assessed for PEF using Wright Peak Flow Meter. Results: In the age group ≤ 40 years, PEF was on the average greater than in the age group > 40 years. Prediction equations were derived for PEF dependent on age and height in <40 age group and age and weight in >40 years age group. Conclusion: PEF appears to decline with advancing age, and to increase with height in younger subjects and weight in older subjects.

Efeito das variáveis antropométricas e da idade no comportamento da força muscular de homens idosos / Effect of anthropometric variables in the behavior of muscle strength in elderly men

Introdução. O envelhecimento e algumas características físicas estão relacionados à redução da força muscular. Objetivo. Avaliar o efeito de idade, peso corporal, estatura e índice de massa corporal na força muscular de homens sedentários e independentes com idade igual ou superior a 60 anos. Método. Foram avaliadas, em 250 homens idosos, as variáveis antropométricas e as forças musculares de preensão manual, da coluna lombar e dos membros inferiores. Empregaram-se a estatística descritiva, o teste t de Student, o coeficiente de Pearson e Spearman e a análise de regressão linear multivariada. Resultados. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos testes de força muscular entre os homens com idade superior a 70 anos e aqueles de 60 a 64 anos e os outros com idade de 65 a 69 anos. Houve correlação negativa entre a idade e os dados antropométricos e os resultados dos testes de força muscular aferidos. Não houve correlação entre o teste de sentar e levantar e as variáveis antropométricas. Os testes de preensão palmar e dinamometria lombar tiveram correlações positivas com os parâmetros antropométricos. A idade compôs todos os modelos de regressão para explicar a variabilidade dos testes de força muscular. O peso corporal entrou no modelo de regressão dos testes de preensão palmar esquerda e dinamometria lombar e a estatura compôs o modelo de regressão para os testes de preensão palmar direita e esquerda. Conclusão. A idade correlacionou-se com todos os testes de força muscular. As variáveis antropométricas tiveram correlação significativa apenas com a dinamometria lombar e de preensão palmar direita e esquerda.

Introduction. Aging and some physical characteristics are related to reduction of muscle strength. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of age and anthropometric features on muscle strength in sedentary and ambulant older men. Method. Two hundred and fifty older men were evaluated by height, weight, body mass index, and measured hand grip strength, lumbar muscle strength and lower limb muscle strength. Results. The older group (more than 70 years old) had lower strength. Age was negatively correlated to anthropometric measures and all muscle strength tests. There were no correlations between thirty seconds chair-stand test and anthropometric features. There were positive correlations between hand grip strength and lumbar muscle strength tests and anthropometric variables. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age explained the variability of all muscle strength measured. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that body weight also correlated left hand grip and lumbar strength. Height was related to right and left hand grip strength. Conclusion. Age, body weight, height and body mass index were correlated to hand grip strength and lumbar muscle strength. The thirty seconds chair-stand test was related only to age.

The Relationship between Nutrition Knowledge Scores and Dietary Behavior, Dietary Intakes and Anthropometric Parameters among Primary School Children Participating in a Nutrition Education Program

We aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition education program on nutrition knowledge, dietary behavior, dietary intakes and anthropometric parameters in primary school children. Eighty five 4th grade children (boys = 43, girls = 42) were enrolled in the intervention program for 5 months. The subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire about nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior two times, at the baseline and after completion of the program. Dietary intake information was collected from participants using a 3-day food record and their anthropometric parameters were measured. Upon completion of the intervention program, both nutrition knowledge and dietary behavior scores were significantly improved in all subjects. Energy intake was increased from 1,571.9 kcal to 1,734.1 kcal with significant improvements in nutrient density for protein, Ca, P, K, vitamin A and niacin. While subjects' height, weight, lean body mass and soft lean mass were significantly increased during the program, significant decreases were observed in the rohrer index, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio and body fat mass. The changes in nutrition knowledge scores were positively correlated with the changes in dietary behavior scores, micronutrient intakes and anthropometric parameters. These results indicate that enhancement of nutrition knowledge through well-planned long-term nutrition education program is effective not only for the improvement of dietary behaviors and dietary intakes but also for the positive changes in anthropometric parameters among primary school children.

Relationship between Grip Strength and Anthropometric Parameters in Healthy Young Adults / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To investigate the correlation between anthropometric parameters and grip strength in healthy young adults.Methods The measurement data of 32 healthy young adult subjects(all right-hand dominant)including the age,height,weight,forearm length,forearm circumference,hand length,hand width and palm thickness were collected.The grip strength of right hand of all subjects was measured with dynamometer the G100 spring-grip dumbbells.Results The human measurement data were all significantly related(r=0.479-0.754,P<0.01)with grip strength except age(r=-0.009,P>0.05).In addition,stepwise linear regression models indicated that the hand length and hand width were the main predictor of grip strength(R2=0.723).Conclusion Grip strength is significantly related to anthropometric parameters of healthy young adults.The hand length and hand width are independent predictor of grip strength.