ABSTRACT
Present study was aimed at investigating the effects of threonine supplementation on antioxidant enzyme activities and haemato-biochemical profile of commercial broilers in sub-tropics. Three hundred thirty -day old straight run commercial broiler chicks (Vencobb-400) with initial average body weight of 44.04±0.42g were allocated into five experimental groups, in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 42 days experiment. Groups were formed according to the dose of supplemental L-threonine in various rations i.e. NRC specification, 100% of Vencobb-400 strain specification, 110% of Vencobb-400 specification, 120% of Vencobb-400 specification and 130% of Vencobb-400 specification group. The mean serum GSH-Px and serum catalase concentration increased linearly {(p=0.001) and (p=0.04), respectively} whereas the mean serum SOD level increased both linearly (p=0.002) and quadratically (p=0.04) with the increasing levels of supplemental L-threonine. Among the hematological parameters of blood, the H:L ratio decreased linearly (p=0.02) with the increasing levels of threonine. The serum glucose and total protein concentration increased linearly (p=0.002) with the increasing levels of supplemental L-threonine. There was a linear increment (P<0.001) in serum globulin level with a linear decrease (p<0.05) in albumin: globulin ratio on increased levels of supplemental L-threonine in the ration. There was a linear decrease (p<0.001) in cholesterol and VLDL level with the increasing levels of supplemental L-threonine, however, a linear increment (p=0.04) in the serum HDL level was noticed. It may be concluded that L-threonine supplementation at 130% threonine (of Vencobb-400 specification) has a better antioxidant function and better haemato-biochemical profile
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the regulation among the content of L-borneol and four endogenous hormones and the activity of three anti-oxidant enzymes in Blumea balsamifera leaves located at different leaf positions and the concentration of inducer and the sampling time. Methods Methyle Jasmonate (MeJA) of 0.01 mmol/L, 0.10 mmol/L, 1.00 mmol/L, and 10.00 mmol/L was chosen for exogenous inducer in this experiment. The leaves of B. balsamifera located at different leaf positions (tender leaves, mature leaves, aged leaves) were experimental materials. The active content of L-borneol, the content of four endogenous hormones of auxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acid (GA3), and zeatin (ZT), and the activity of three antioxidant enzymes of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detection indexes. Results The results showed that the effect of 1.00 mmol/L MeJA on the accumulation of L-borneol was good. The changes of anti-oxidant enzymes induced by different concentrations of MeJA were complex. For the content of POD, except that the B. balsamifera leaves treated with 10.00 mmol/L MeJA were lower than that in the control, POD were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05) at 72 h in other conditions. Under the induction of 10.00 mmol/L MeJA, the CAT content of the B. balsamifera leaves at three leaf positions was highest at 24 h, and the activity of CAT was decreased rapidly over time. Under the MeJA treatments of other concentrations, the activities of CAT in young leaves and old leaves were significantly lower than those in the control at 72 h, but higher than those in the control at 72 h except for the treatment of 0.1 mmol/L MeJA in mature leaves. The content of SOD in the three leaf positions was lower than the control except that the B. balsamifera leaves treated with 1 mmol/L MeJA was significantly higher than that of the control after 48 h. The rest of the concentration of superoxide dismutase were lower than the control. Low concentration of MeJA (≤ 0.10 mmol/L) could promote the accumulation of IAA, GA3, and ZT in leaves of B. balsamifera, whereas the high concentration of MeJA (≥ 10.00 mmol/L) could promote the accumulation of ABA. Conclusion Under the induction of exogenous MeJA (1.00 mmol/L), B. balsamifera can promote the accumulation of active ingredients, providing a theoretical basis for its cultivation and production.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the growth physiology and components of Polygala tenuifolia under different light quality and intensity, and provide theoretical basis for the artificial cultivation, yield improvement, and increasing the target composition of P. tenuifolia. Methods Using P. tenuifolia shoots as the experimental material, four kinds of ights (white, yellow, red, and blue) as light quality, the light intensity was set at 100, 300, and 500 μmol/(m2∙s) to determinate the plant height, root length, leaf length, leaf width, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, antioxidant enzyme activity, and secondary metabolite content in P. tenuifolia after 30 d of illumination. Results Under the red light, P. tenuifolia had the highest plant height, the longest root length and leaf length, and the largest biomass. Under the yellow light, the MDA content was the lowest, and the MDA content was the highest under white light. The activities of SOD, POD, and CAT were significantly increased under red and blue light. The highest content of total flavonoids, total phenols, and 3,6'-disinapoyl sucrose under blue light. Different light qualities had no significant effect on the content of polygalaxanthone III. The biomass of plant height and the 3,6’-disinapoyl sucrose content were the highest under the light intensity of 300 μmol/(m2∙s). P. tenuifolia had the longest roots under the light intensity of 500 μmol/(m2∙s), and the content of MDA and the activities of POD, SOD, and CAT increased with the increase of light intensity. Conclusion Red light has the strongest promoting effect on the roots of P. tenuifolia. Red and blue light significantly increases the activity of POD, SOD, and CAT. Blue light promotes the accumulation of total flavonoids, total phenols, and 3,6’-disinapoyl sucrose. The light intensity of 500 μmol/(m2∙s) has the strongest promoting effect on the roots of P. tenuifolia, and the activities of POD, SOD, and CAT in leaves were higher. Different light qualities had no significant effect on the contents of total flavonoids, total phenols, and polygalaxanthone III. The light intensity of 300 μmol/(m2∙s) promotes the accumulation of 3,6’-disinapoyl sucrose.