ABSTRACT
Los pacientes bajo tratamiento con antidepresivos tricíclicos a los que se les ha suministrado anestesia han padecido los efectos hipotensores de ambos fármacos. Tradicionalmente se recomendaba la suspensión de estos medicamentos hasta dos semanas antes de la cirugía, sin embargo, en la actualidad se plantea que los mismos no deberían suspenderse, ya que a pesar de los efectos secundarios y las posibles interacciones con los agentes anestésicos, se han descrito casos de suicidio tras su suspensión. Por tales razones se realizó esta revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de actualizar sobre consideraciones para el uso de anestesia en pacientes que se encuentren bajo tratamiento con antidepresivos tricíclicos. Se pudo constatar que en los estudios realizados al respecto se plantea que la individualización de la técnica quirúrgica, el uso de medicación preanestésica, la disminución de la estimulación simpática y un adecuado control del dolor posoperatorio, resultará en una disminución de los efectos deletéreos de la asociación entre antidepresivos tricíclicos y agentes anestésicos.
Patients undergoing tricyclic antidepressant treatment given anesthesia have experienced the hypotensive effects of both drugs. Traditionally it was recommended to suspend these drugs until two weeks before surgery; however, it is currently proposed that they should not be discontinued, since despite the side effects and possible interactions with anesthetic agents, cases of suicide have been described after its suspension. For these reasons, this bibliographic review was carried out aimed at updating considerations for the use of anesthesia in patients undergoing treatment with tricyclic antidepressants. It was observed that in the developed studies it is suggested that surgical technique individualization, use of pre-anesthetic medication, reduction of sympathetic stimulation and an adequate control of postoperative pain, will result in a decrease in the deleterious effects produced by the association of tricyclic antidepressants and anesthetic agents.
ABSTRACT
Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders,which severely affects the life quality of patients. Currently,the pathogenesis of IBS has not yet been clarified. Visceral hypersensitivity and central algesia abnormality may be involved in the pathogenesis of IBS. Antidepressants can improve abdominal pain,abdominal discomfort,mental disorders and abnormal defecation and enhance the quality of life. This article reviewed the advances in study on antidepressants in treatment of IBS.
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT: Tricyclic antidepressive agents are widely used in suicide attempts and present a variety of deleterious effects. Rhabdomyolysis is a rare complication of such poisoning. CASE REPORT: A 55-year-old woman ingested 120 pills of 25 mg clomipramine in a suicide attempt two days before admission. After gastric lavage in another emergency department on the day of intake, 80 pills were removed. On admission to our department, she was disoriented, complaining of a dry mouth and tremors at the extremities. An electrocardiogram showed a sinus rhythm with narrow QRS complexes. Laboratory results showed high creatine phosphokinase (CK = 15,094 U/l on admission; normal range = 26 to 140 U/l), hypocalcemia, slightly increased serum transaminases and mild metabolic acidosis. The patient's medical history included depression with previous suicide attempts, obsessive-compulsive disorder, hypothyroidism and osteoporosis. She presented cardiac arrest with pulseless electric activity for seven minutes and afterwards, without sedation, showed continuous side-to-side eye movement. She developed refractory hypotension, with need for vasopressors. Ceftriaxone and clindamycin administration was started because of a hypothesis of bronchoaspiration. The patient remained unresponsive even without sedation, with continuous side-to-side eye movement and a decerebrate posture. She died two months later. Rhabdomyolysis is a very rare complication of poisoning due to tricyclic drugs. It had only previously been described after an overdose of cyclobenzaprine, which has a toxicity profile similar to tricyclic drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Although arrhythmia is the most important complication, rhabdomyolysis should be investigated in cases of clomipramine poisoning. .
CONTEXTO: Antidepressivos tricíclicos são amplamente utilizados em tentativas de suicídio e apresentam diversos efeitos deletérios, sendo a rabdomiólise uma complicação rara dessa intoxicação. RELATO DO CASO: Uma mulher de 55 anos ingeriu 120 comprimidos de clomipramina de 25 mg numa tentativa de suicídio dois dias antes da admissão. Após lavagem gástrica em outro serviço de urgência no dia da ingestão, 80 comprimidos foram retirados. Na admissão em nosso serviço, a paciente estava desorientada, queixando-se de boca seca e tremores de extremidades. O eletrocardiograma mostrou ritmo sinusal com complexos QRS estreitos. Exames laboratoriais evidenciaram aumento de creatinofosfoquinase (CK = 15.094 U/L na admissão; intervalo da normalidade = 26 a 140 U/L), hipocalcemia, discreto aumento das transaminases e leve acidose metabólica. Antecedentes pessoais incluíam depressão com tentativas de suicídio prévias, transtorno obsessivo compulsivo, hipotireoidismo e osteoporose. A paciente apresentou parada cardiorrespiratória com atividade elétrica sem pulso por sete minutos e, posteriormente, sem sedação, foi observado olhar em varredura. A paciente evoluiu com hipotensão refratária, necessitando de vasopressores. Ceftriaxone e clindamicina foram iniciados pela hipótese de broncoaspiração. A paciente permaneceu irresponsiva mesmo sem sedação, com olhar em varredura contínuo e postura descerebrada. A paciente evoluiu para óbito dois meses após. Rabdomiólise é uma complicação rara da intoxicação por tricíclicos, e só foi descrita em overdose de ciclobenzaprina, a qual tem um perfil de toxicidade semelhante aos tricíclicos. CONCLUSÕES: Apesar de as arritmias serem as complicações mais temidas, ...