ABSTRACT
Thechemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from aerial parts (leaves and flowers) of Chuquiraga arcuataHarling grown in the Ecuadorian Andes were studied. One hundred and twenty-six compounds were identified in the essential oil. Monoterpene hydrocarbons (45.8%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (44.1%) had the major percentages. The most abundant compounds were camphor (21.6%), myrcene (19.5%), and 1,8-cineole (13.4%). Antioxidant activity was examined using DPPH, ABTS,and FRAP assays. The essential oil had a moderate scavenging effect and reduction of ferric ion capacity through FRAP assay. Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil was observed against four pathogenic bacteria and a fungus. The essential oil exhibited activity against all microorganism strains under test, particularly against Candida albicansand Staphylococcus aureuswith MICs of 2.43-12.10 µg/mL.
Se estudió la composición química, actividades antioxidantes y antimicrobianas del aceite esencial procedente de las partes aérea (hojas y flores) de Chuquiraga arcuataHarling cultivadas en los Andes ecuatorianos. Se identificaron 126 compuestos en el aceite esencial. Los hidrocarburos monoterpénicos (45,8%) y los monoterpenos oxigenados (44,1%) tuvieron el mayor porcentaje. Los compuestos más abundantes fueron alcanfor (21,6%), mirceno (19,5%) y 1,8-cineol (13,4%). La actividadantioxidante se examinó mediante ensayos DPPH, ABTS y FRAP. El aceite esencial tuvo un efecto eliminador moderado y una reducción de la capacidad de iones férricos mediante el ensayo FRAP. Se observó actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial contra cuatro bacterias y un hongo patógenos. El aceite esencial mostró actividad contra todas las cepas de microorganismos bajo prueba, particularmente contra Candida albicansy Staphylococcus aureuscon CMI de 2,43-12,10 µg/mL.
Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Asteraceae/chemistry , Anti-Infective Agents/chemistry , Antioxidants/chemistry , Bacteria/drug effects , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Chromatography, Gas , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Monoterpenes/analysis , Ecuador , Hydrocarbons/analysis , Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology , Antioxidants/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae) (DC.) Guill. & Perr. is a plant found in West Africa, from Senegal to Cameroon and extending to Ethiopia and East Africa. In the north of C魌e d扞voire, this plant is commonly used by livestock farmers to treat various pathologies, including digestive and gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the phenolic compound content and antioxidant properties of 70% hydroethanol and aqueous extracts of A. leiocarpus� leaves.Phenolic compound contents were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Antioxidant activities were assessed using ABTS, DPPH and FRAP tests.The 70% hydroethanolic and aqueous extracts of A. leiocarpus presented roughly equivalent concentrations of total polyphenols (608.41 and 558.25 mg EAG/g respectively). However, the hydroethanolic extract was richer in flavonoids (539.60 mg EQ/g) than the aqueous extract (388.95 mg EQ/g). In addition, the average inhibition rate of the ABTS radical in the presence of the 70% hydroethanol extract was 11.56 礛 Trolox equivalent/g, compared with 8.32 礛 Trolox equivalent/g with the aqueous extract. The average chelation percentages were 31.93% (70% hydroethanol extract) and 20.92% (aqueous extract). As for the reduction of DPPH radical, the ICs50 for the 70% hydroethanol and aqueous extracts were 4.4 mg/mL and 6.0 mg/mL respectively.This study confirms that Anogeissus leiocarpus is a plant containing phenolic compounds. The presence of these phenolic compounds in this plant, together with its antioxidant activities with low values (IC50), could justify its widespread use by livestock farmers in northern C魌e d'Ivoire, particularly those rearing broiler chickens.
ABSTRACT
Neisseria and Mycoplasma are two prevalent bacteria in the female urogenital tract leading to gynecological infections and infertility. The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity of Tamarindus indica and Syzygium aromaticum extracts against Neisseria and Mycoplasma isolates. It was a cross cectional study on 60 asymptomatic women at the Protestant and Regional Hospital of Ngaoundere. For this reason, a large consecutive sample of patients with several well-defined characteristics was assembled and urine and cervical-vaginal swab were collected using standard procedures. After being isolated on a specific medium, several strains of Neisseria and Mycoplasma were identified based on their morphological and biochemical characteristics. The antibacterial activity of the plant extracts was tested using the agar-well diffusion method. It was discovered that 70% of asymptomatic women had overall infection, with varying prevalence rates. The prevalence rates of Neisseria and Mycoplasma were 14.29% and 85.71% respectively. The aqueous extracts of Syzygium aromaticum against Neisseria produced inhibitory diameters of 43 mm, 40 mm and 32 mm at doses of 20 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, and 5 mg/mL, respectively while, at the same doses, the aqueous extract of Tamarindus indica produced inhibitory diameters of 16 mm, 14 mm and 13 mm, respectively. The combined extract of Syzygium aromaticum and Tamarindus indica exhibits inhibitory diameters of 25, 23, and 30 mm at 20 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, and 5 mg/mL, respectively. Syzygium aromaticum extract alone showed efficacy against Mycoplasma, with diameters of 16.5 mm, 13 mm and 10.5 mm at concentrations of 20 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL, and 5 mg/mL respectively. Inhibition diameters of 18 mm (for fosfomycin and ofloxacin), 22 mm (for chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone) and 26 mm (for levofloxacin) were found using Neisseria isolates. The only drugs that demonstrated efficacy against Mycoplasma were Minocycline and Josamycin. Given these findings, extracts of Syzygium aromaticum and Tamarindus indica can be investigated and used to treat infections caused by Niesseria and Mycoplasma.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: la persistencia de microorganismos en los conductos radiculares es uno de los principales factores del fracaso endodóncico. Por ello la importancia de conocer las propiedades antimicrobianas de los distintos tipos de selladores. Objetivo: realizar una comparación con base en la evidencia disponible sobre la actividad antimicrobiana de los diferentes cementos selladores en endodoncia. Material y métodos: la información fue recopilada de las bases de datos PubMed y Google Académico en el idioma inglés y español, publicados en el periodo 2014-2023. Resultados: un gran número de microorganismos se encuentran presentes en los diferentes tipos de infecciones de origen endodóncico, se han identificado más de 500 especies microbianas, entre ellas bacterias, hongos, arqueas y virus. Los cementos selladores se pueden clasificar según su composición química, en cementos a base de óxido de zinc-eugenol, hidróxido de calcio, a base de ionómero de vidrio, silicona, resina y biocerámicos. Conclusión: los cementos selladores que mostraron mayor actividad antimicrobiana contra los microorganismos persistentes fueron los cementos a base de óxido de zinc-eugenol, resina y biocerámicos. Sin embargo, se identificó que cada autor utilizó diferentes métodos y tiempos, por lo tanto, no es posible lograr definir con exactitud qué cemento sellador posee la mejor capacidad antimicrobiana (AU)
Introduction: the persistence of microorganisms in root canals is one of the main factors of endodontic failure. Therefore, the importance of knowing the antimicrobial properties of the different types of sealants. Objective: to make a comparison based on the available evidence on the antimicrobial activity of the different endodontics sealers. Material and methods: the information was collected from PubMed and Google Academic databases in English and Spanish, published in the period 2014-2023. Results: a large number of microorganisms are present in the different types of infections of endodontic origin, more than 500 microbiological species have been identified, including bacteria, fungi, archaea and viruses. Sealer cements can be classified according to their chemical composition, into cements based on zinc oxide-eugenol, calcium hydroxide, based on glass ionomer, silicone, resin and bioceramics. Conclusion: sealer cements that showed the highest antimicrobial activity against persistent microorganisms were zinc oxide-eugenol, resin, and bioceramic-based cements. However, it was identified that each author used different methods and times, therefore, it is not possible to accurately define which sealer cement has the best antimicrobial capacity (AU)
Subject(s)
Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement/chemistry , Calcium Hydroxide/chemistry , Databases, Bibliographic , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Resin Cements/chemistry , Organically Modified Ceramics/chemistry , Glass Ionomer Cements/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Aims@#The exploration of new strategies for effective microbial control is one of the most significant studies in developing new formulations of antimicrobial agents. The increasing prevalence of microbial threats is a pressing threat to public health. Hence, this study aims to investigate the synergies between combinations of polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB) and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) compared to the individual PHMB or BKC as active agents for microbial control. A set of combinations of the active ingredient was tested against two Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus, and two Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. @*Methodology and results@#The antibacterial activity of PHMB and BKC was investigated using the microdilution method to determine their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC). The results showed that PHMB was more effective against Gram-positive bacteria, with a significant effect on B. cereus with a MIC value of 31.25 ppm, while having a lesser impact on E. coli (125 ppm). The MIC value of BKC was 15.625 ppm for the Gram-positive bacteria and showed a more prominent effect on Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values were used as the baseline for formulating PHMB and BKC mixtures. The formulated combinations were evaluated using disc diffusion (DD) and well diffusion (WD) methods. The results indicated that the combined active agents have an efficiency similar to the stand-alone effect. The cytotoxic effect of these compounds was also assessed, and they showed toxic traits towards Vero cells, indicating that these two cationic agents acted additively towards each other.@*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#The combination of PHMB and BKC represented a potential strategy of mixed antimicrobial agents, which could be applied in applications such as healthcare and consumer products.
ABSTRACT
@#For centuries, deer antler velvet (DAV) has been a staple in traditional medicine due to its numerous health benefits, including immune stimulation, anti-ageing, wound healing, and anti-osteoporosis properties. Researchers attribute the therapeutic advantages of DAV to various compounds in its extract, ranging from growth hormones to minerals and amino acids. Recently, there has been renewed interest in these natural products for their potential use in treating chronic diseases such as bone health and development, bacterial infections, and sports supplementation to increase athletic performance. The available literature supports that DAV significantly affects bone development, chondrogenesis, and antimicrobial properties, making it a valuable resource in medical and dental settings. This review aims to provide an in-depth overview of the potential applications of DAV in modern medicine and dentistry.
ABSTRACT
Abstract The study of biologically active substances-secondary metabolites of plants that exhibit geroprotective properties is an actual and popular direction in medicine to prevent early aging. This work aims to select the cultivation parameters for obtaining in vitro cell cultures of meadowsweet containing the largest amount of biologically active substances (BAS) for their further extraction as candidate substances for geroprotectors. To specify the effectiveness of the selected cell culture cultivation parameters, biomass growth for callus and root cultures, growth index, specific growth rate, and viability for suspension cultures was carried out. The study results made it possible to select the nutrient media for the cultivation of cell cultures of meadowsweet. It has been found that the greater the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the greater the antimicrobial properties it exhibits. In this study, cell cultures in vitro and alcohol extracts from the plant Filipendula ulmaria were considered as raw materials rich in candidate substances for geroprotectors. According to the data obtained, the plant is rich in hydroxybenzoic and salicylic acids, spireoside, avicularin, and hyperoside.
Resumo O estudo de substâncias biologicamente ativas metabólitos secundários de plantas que apresentam propriedades geroprotetoras é uma tendência atual e popular no campo da medicina para a prevenção do envelhecimento precoce. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar os parâmetros de cultivo para obtenção de culturas celulares in vitro de Ulmária contendo a maior quantidade de substâncias biologicamente ativas (SBA), para sua posterior extração como substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. Para especificar a eficácia dos parâmetros selecionados de cultivo em cultura de células, foi realizada a análise de crescimento de biomassa para culturas de calos e raízes, índice de crescimento, taxa de crescimento específica e viabilidade para culturas em suspensão. Os resultados do estudo possibilitaram a seleção do meio nutriente para o cultivo de células de Ulmária. Verificou-se que, quanto maior a atividade antioxidante dos extratos, maiores eram as propriedades antimicrobianas exibidas. Neste estudo, culturas celulares in vitro e extratos alcoólicos da planta Filipendula ulmaria foram considerados matérias-primas ricas em substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. De acordo com os dados obtidos, a planta é rica em ácidos hidroxibenzoico e salicílico, espirosídeo, avicularina e hiperosídeo.
ABSTRACT
Abstract In order to ensure the timely and uninterrupted supply of medicinal plant raw materials, the methods of cultivation of plant cell cultures, namely, the production of plant root cultures, are relevant. In this paper, the geroprotective potential of Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey root cultures is studied. They were cultured under in vitro conditions by transforming the rhizome (H. neglectum) and seed seedlings (P. ginseng) with Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 Swiss. To identify the geroprotective potential, the antimicrobial disc-diffusion method and the antioxidant activity were analyzed by titration of KMnO4 extracts of plant root cultures. The qualitative and quantitative composition was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. In the course of the work, the presence of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of plant root culture extracts was established. Biologically active substances contained in extracts of Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb root crops and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey are characterized by geroprotective potential, so they can act as a source of natural antioxidants in the functional nutrition of the geroprotective orientation.
Resumo Para garantir o abastecimento em tempo e ininterrupto de matérias-primas de plantas medicinais, são relevantes os métodos de cultivo de culturas de células vegetais, nomeadamente a produção de culturas de raízes vegetais. Neste trabalho, foi estudado o potencial geroprotetor de culturas de raízes de Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb e Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Eles foram cultivados em condições in vitro pela transformação do rizoma (H. neglectum) e mudas de sementes (P. ginseng) com Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 Swiss. Para identificar o potencial geroprotetor, o método antimicrobiano de difusão em disco e a atividade antioxidante foram analisados por titulação de extratos de KMnO4 de raízes de plantas. A composição qualitativa e quantitativa foi analisada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, cromatografia em camada delgada e cromatografia gasosa com espectrometria de massa. No decorrer do trabalho, foi constatada a presença de atividade antimicrobiana e antioxidante dos extratos de raízes de plantas. Substâncias biologicamente ativas contidas em extratos de raízes de H. neglectum Ledeb e P. ginseng C. A. Mey são caracterizadas pelo potencial geroprotetor, podendo atuar como fonte de antioxidantes naturais na nutrição funcional da orientação geroprotetora.
ABSTRACT
Bikaverin is a reddish pigment produced by different fungi species (Mycogone jaapii, Verticillium agaricinum, Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, Polyporus sulphureus), mainly of the Fusarium genus. Due to its pigment feature, bikaverin can be used as a dye in various fields in the industry. However, it is extremely important to study the mutagenic/genotoxic effects, cytotoxic effects and antimicrobial properties of bikaverin for application of industrial areas. In the study, the mutagenic, cytotoxic and antimicrobial effects of bikaverin were investigated. The mutagenic effect of bikaverin was studied with the Ames test. Salmonella typhimurium TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102 and TA1535 strains were used in the test. Five different doses of bikaverin (0.075, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.5 µg/plate) were tested against strains. It was determined that there was no mutagenic effect of bikaverin. The cytotoxicity of bikaverin was evaluated by MTT test on L929 fibroblast cell line. Bikaverin demonstrated no cytotoxic effect on L929 fibroblast cell line, according to cell viability calculations that showed >73% for all concentrations (1, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1, 0.075, 0.05, 0.025, 0.01, 0.005 and 0.001 µg/mL) examined. Bikaverin's IC50 value was determined to be 1.79±0.51 g/mL. The antimicrobial activity of the bikaverin was evaluated by using the microdilution method. Bikaverin was found to have antimicrobial effects on Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans and Candida krusei, as MIC values ranged from 1.25 -5 µg/ mL.
ABSTRACT
The study of biologically active substances-secondary metabolites of plants that exhibit geroprotective properties is an actual and popular direction in medicine to prevent early aging. This work aims to select the cultivation parameters for obtaining in vitro cell cultures of meadowsweet containing the largest amount of biologically active substances (BAS) for their further extraction as candidate substances for geroprotectors. To specify the effectiveness of the selected cell culture cultivation parameters, biomass growth for callus and root cultures, growth index, specific growth rate, and viability for suspension cultures was carried out. The study results made it possible to select the nutrient media for the cultivation of cell cultures of meadowsweet. It has been found that the greater the antioxidant activity of the extracts, the greater the antimicrobial properties it exhibits. In this study, cell cultures in vitro and alcohol extracts from the plant Filipendula ulmaria were considered as raw materials rich in candidate substances for geroprotectors. According to the data obtained, the plant is rich in hydroxybenzoic and salicylic acids, spireoside, avicularin, and hyperoside.
O estudo de substâncias biologicamente ativas - metabólitos secundários de plantas que apresentam propriedades geroprotetoras - é uma tendência atual e popular no campo da medicina para a prevenção do envelhecimento precoce. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar os parâmetros de cultivo para obtenção de culturas celulares in vitro de Ulmária contendo a maior quantidade de substâncias biologicamente ativas (SBA), para sua posterior extração como substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. Para especificar a eficácia dos parâmetros selecionados de cultivo em cultura de células, foi realizada a análise de crescimento de biomassa para culturas de calos e raízes, índice de crescimento, taxa de crescimento específica e viabilidade para culturas em suspensão. Os resultados do estudo possibilitaram a seleção do meio nutriente para o cultivo de células de Ulmária. Verificou-se que, quanto maior a atividade antioxidante dos extratos, maiores eram as propriedades antimicrobianas exibidas. Neste estudo, culturas celulares in vitro e extratos alcoólicos da planta Filipendula ulmaria foram considerados matérias-primas ricas em substâncias candidatas a serem geroprotetoras. De acordo com os dados obtidos, a planta é rica em ácidos hidroxibenzoico e salicílico, espirosídeo, avicularina e hiperosídeo.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal/genetics , Aging , Aging, Premature , AntioxidantsABSTRACT
In order to ensure the timely and uninterrupted supply of medicinal plant raw materials, the methods of cultivation of plant cell cultures, namely, the production of plant root cultures, are relevant. In this paper, the geroprotective potential of Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey root cultures is studied. They were cultured under in vitro conditions by transforming the rhizome (H. neglectum) and seed seedlings (P. ginseng) with Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 Swiss. To identify the geroprotective potential, the antimicrobial disc-diffusion method and the antioxidant activity were analyzed by titration of KMnO4 extracts of plant root cultures. The qualitative and quantitative composition was analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. In the course of the work, the presence of antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of plant root culture extracts was established. Biologically active substances contained in extracts of Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb root crops and Panax ginseng C. A. Mey are characterized by geroprotective potential, so they can act as a source of natural antioxidants in the functional nutrition of the geroprotective orientation.
Para garantir o abastecimento em tempo e ininterrupto de matérias-primas de plantas medicinais, são relevantes os métodos de cultivo de culturas de células vegetais, nomeadamente a produção de culturas de raízes vegetais. Neste trabalho, foi estudado o potencial geroprotetor de culturas de raízes de Hedysarum neglectum Ledeb e Panax ginseng C. A. Mey. Eles foram cultivados em condições in vitro pela transformação do rizoma (H. neglectum) e mudas de sementes (P. ginseng) com Agrobacterium rhizogenes 15834 Swiss. Para identificar o potencial geroprotetor, o método antimicrobiano de difusão em disco e a atividade antioxidante foram analisados por titulação de extratos de KMnO4 de raízes de plantas. A composição qualitativa e quantitativa foi analisada por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, cromatografia em camada delgada e cromatografia gasosa com espectrometria de massa. No decorrer do trabalho, foi constatada a presença de atividade antimicrobiana e antioxidante dos extratos de raízes de plantas. Substâncias biologicamente ativas contidas em extratos de raízes de H. neglectum Ledeb e P. ginseng C. A. Mey são caracterizadas pelo potencial geroprotetor, podendo atuar como fonte de antioxidantes naturais na nutrição funcional da orientação geroprotetora.
Subject(s)
Plants, Medicinal , Plant Roots , Panax , Anti-Infective Agents , AntioxidantsABSTRACT
A series of novel isoxazole-incorporated benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized and investigated for antimicrobial activity. The structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy (IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). All compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity cup plate method against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus anthracis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherchia coli, Candida albicans and Aspegillus niger. The 4d, 4f and 4j compounds showed significant activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. On the basis of the interaction energy criterion, compound 4f showed the best docking interactions equal to 7.0 kcal/mol.
ABSTRACT
Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria cause severe public health issues and mortalities. The evolution of multi-drug resistant bacteria shifted the focus of researchers towards traditional medicine involving bioactive compounds. Plants with bioactive compounds play a pivotal role in treating human diseases. Many of the plant-based bioactive compounds were proven to have the ability to inhibit bacterial growth through different modes of action. Thus, plant-based compounds have been focused on finding potential molecules with antibacterial efficiency to overcome bacterial infection problems. So, in the present study, phytocompounds of Sida acuta Burm F. leaf extract were identified using GC-MS technique and phytocompounds with antibacterial potential were identified through a molecular docking study. The qualitative test carried out indicated the presence of carbohydrates, alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, amino acids, steroids, glycosides, saponins, quinones and coumarins in the extract. The GC-MS analysis showed the presence of 30 phytocompounds and molecular docking studies revealed the best binding affinity of the phytocompounds Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine, Acetonitrile,2-(6-phenantridinyl), 5H-Imidazo(2,1-a)isoindole,2-phenyl and Pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine towards E. coli biomolecules- 1PHO, 5I5H, 5UW2 and 6NTW respectively. The present study concludes that the phytocompounds of S. acuta have appreciable antibacterial efficiency.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Intracanal medication with antibiotics is used to ensure the success of treatments. However, no studies evaluating the efficacy of triantibiotic paste after several hours of preparation have been reported. Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the triantibiotic paste against Enterococcus faecalis, according to the time of application and storage of the components used for its preparation. Methods: An experimental in vitro study was carried out in the microbiology laboratory of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. The sample consisted of three colonies of Enterococcus faecalis, formed in bile-esculin agar. On three specific days (0, 14 and 28), the antimicrobial activity of the conventional (ciprofloxacin/metronidazole/minocycline) and modified (cefaclor/metronidazole/minocycline) paste was evaluated, measuring (mm) the inhibition zones. The freshly obtained components were used to prepare the paste on day 0, and the stored components (powdered antibiotics kept in amber glass bottles at room temperature) were used on days 14 and 28. Two interventions were performed on each specific day (morning and afternoon). Freshly prepared pastes were used in the morning (immediate application), while pastes stored for 6 hours (delayed application) were used in the afternoon. Results: On day 0, it was found that the modified triantibiotic paste of immediate application had higher antimicrobial activity than the one of delayed application (p = 0.046). On day 28, the conventional triantibiotic paste for immediate application showed higher antimicrobial activity than that for delayed application (p = 0.049). Pasta prepared with fresh components (day 0) had higher antimicrobial activity than pasta prepared with components stored for 14 and 28 days. Conclusions: The application time of the triantibiotic paste and the storage times of the components could influence the antimicrobial activity for the eradication of Enterococcus faecalis(AU)
Introducción: La medicación intracanal con antibióticos se utiliza para asegurar el éxito de los tratamientos. Sin embargo, no se han reportado estudios que evalúen la eficacia de la pasta triantibiótica después de varias horas de preparación. Objetivo: Evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de la pasta triantibiótica frente al Enterococcus faecalis, según el tiempo de aplicación y de almacenamiento de los componentes utilizados para su preparación. Métodos: Estudio experimental in vitro, realizado en el laboratorio de microbiología de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. La muestra consistió en tres colonias de Enterococcus faecalis, formadas en agar bilis-esculina. En tres días específicos (0, 14 y 28) se evaluó la actividad antimicrobiana de la pasta convencional (ciprofloxacina/metronidazol/minociclina) y modificada (cefaclor/metronidazol/minociclina), midiendo las zonas de inhibición (mm). Los componentes recién obtenidos se utilizaron para preparar la pasta el día 0, y los componentes almacenados (antibióticos pulverizados conservados en frascos de vidrio color ámbar a temperatura ambiente) se utilizaron los días 14 y 28. Se realizaron dos intervenciones en cada día específico (mañana y tarde). Las pastas recién preparadas se utilizaron por la mañana (aplicación inmediata), mientras que por la tarde se utilizaron las pastas almacenadas durante 6 horas (aplicación tardía). Resultados: El día 0, se encontró que la pasta triantibiótica modificada de aplicación inmediata presentó una actividad antimicrobiana superior a la de aplicación tardía (p = 0,046). El día 28, la pasta triantibiótica convencional de aplicación inmediata presentó una actividad antimicrobiana superior a la de aplicación tardía (p = 0,049). La pasta preparada con componentes recién obtenidos (día 0) tuvo una mayor actividad antimicrobiana que la pasta preparada con componentes almacenados durante 14 y 28 días. Conclusiones: El tiempo de aplicación de la pasta triantibiótica y los tiempos de almacenamiento de los componentes podrían influir en la actividad antimicrobiana para la erradicación de Enterococcus faecalis(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Background: Coffee has a stimulant nature for which it is consumed worldwide, especially in Indian subcontinent. It also contains various antioxidant and antibacterial properties and is good for health. Aims and Objectives: This study done in tertiary care teaching hospital, aims to assess the antibacterial activity of coffee extract in surgical wound infections. Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activity of coffee extract against pathogenic bacteria (Gram-positive and Gram-negative) isolated from the surgical wounds was tested. Results: Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were found sensitive to the methanol coffee extract. Conclusion: Our study revealed that coffee extract can be used in the future as a substitute antimicrobial for the treatment of pathogenic bacteria due to its wide antimicrobial activity and we suggest advanced study on coffee extract to explore the bioactive compounds accountable for the detected antimicrobial activity.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Moringa oleifera Lam (Moringaceae) is a highly valued plant which has an impressive range of medicinal uses with high nutritional value. Different parts of the plant were being used for the treatment of illness due to the presence of various secondary metabolites that gives the plant anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant and other properties. These secondary metabolites are synthesized by endophytic organisms, which are present inside the tissues of plant.Methods: ITS regions were amplified using a polymerase chain reaction for molecular identification. The sequences were analysed using BLAST n and DNA barcoding of plant was done for the identification of species. The organisms were refined on Potato Dextrose stock for identification of metabolites.Results: It was found that fungi obtained are Aspergillus fumigatus and Tricoderma turrialbense with percentage identity of 96% and 98%, respectively, as obtained from NCBI BLAST; the metabolites were extracted with ethanol extract and Flavonoids and terpenoids are the main phytoconstituents present in endophytic fungi.Conclusion: The results obtained support the medicinal properties of plant, which gets enhanced due to the presence of endophytic fungi present in them.
ABSTRACT
Green nanotechnology, the science that utilizes various plant resources for the synthesis of nanoparticles without posing any chemical hazard has proved to be highly efficient and environment friendly technique. This opens up options for the synthesis of novel nanoparticles with desirable characteristics required for various application viz., biosensors, biomedicine, cosmetics, nanobiotechnology, as antimicrobials, electronics, sensing etc. In this context, here, we have made an attempt for cost effective and eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extract of medicinally important plant Justicia neesii Ramamoorthy. The phytochemical analysis of the extract exhibited the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, lignins, phenols, phytosterols, reducing sugars, saponins, etc. The absorbance peak of the biofabricated nanoparticles at 425 nm as indicated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer broadens with increase in time indicating their poly dispersity nature and particle size analyzer revealed the average size to be in the range of 20-45 nm. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the synthesized AgNPs demonstrated promising results. The kinetics of in vitro drug release profile of the drug loaded AgNPs was carried out and the data obtained was correlated with various mathematical models. The drug release from AgNPs at both the pH’s shows good fit to the First order model which is obvious from the high values of coefficient of correlation which logically means that the release of drug from AgNPs is dependent on the concentration present within the nanoparticles.
ABSTRACT
Green nanotechnology, the science that utilizes various plant resources for the synthesis of nanoparticles without posing any chemical hazard has proved to be highly efficient and environment friendly technique. This opens up options for the synthesis of novel nanoparticles with desirable characteristics required for various application viz., biosensors, biomedicine, cosmetics, nanobiotechnology, as antimicrobials, electronics, sensing etc. In this context, here, we have made an attempt for cost effective and eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extract of medicinally important plant Justicia neesii Ramamoorthy. The phytochemical analysis of the extract exhibited the presence of glycosides, flavonoids, lignins, phenols, phytosterols, reducing sugars, saponins, etc. The absorbance peak of the biofabricated nanoparticles at 425 nm as indicated by UV-Vis spectrophotometer broadens with increase in time indicating their poly dispersity nature and particle size analyzer revealed the average size to be in the range of 20-45 nm. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the synthesized AgNPs demonstrated promising results. The kinetics of in vitro drug release profile of the drug loaded AgNPs was carried out and the data obtained was correlated with various mathematical models. The drug release from AgNPs at both the pH’s shows good fit to the First order model which is obvious from the high values of coefficient of correlation which logically means that the release of drug from AgNPs is dependent on the concentration present within the nanoparticles.
ABSTRACT
Silver nanoparticles were synthesized from aqueous leaf extract of Medinilla beddomei C B Clarke and evaluated its antimicrobial activity against different bacterial and fungal strains. Here silver nanoparticles were synthesized through green route using leaves of M. beddomei, confirmed by colour change and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The silver nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X ray diffraction studies. The evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the silver nanoparticles was performed by agar well diffusion method against four bacterial strains and two fungal strains. The formation of silver nanoparticles after treatment was confirmed by the colour change of the aqueous leaf extract into dark brown. TEM and XRD studies revealed that the synthesized silver nanoparticles are almost spherical in shape with an average size of 18.88 nm. The silver nanoparticles synthesized from M. beddomei showed high antimicrobial activity for concentrations of 50µg/ml and 100µg/ml. The highest antimicrobial activity was found against Aspergillus niger. The zone of inhibition of fungal strain shown by A. niger (36.00 ±1.50 mm) at 100µg/ml was higher than that of Ciprofloxacin (28.00±1.57 mm) at 200 mg/ml, the positive control. The silver nanoparticles synthesized from aqueous leaf extract of M. beddomei possess high antimicrobial efficacy against pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. It can be exploited well in the pharmaceutical industry and for nanomedicine also.
ABSTRACT
Aims: Ageratum conyzoides L. is a small annual herbaceous highly odorous plant use in traditional medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate in vitro antioxidant potential, toxicity and antimicrobial activity of aerial part extracts of A. conyzoides on strains potentially involved in vaginal infections Methodology: An ethnobotanical survey has been carried out on A. conyzoides among ethnobotanists and traditional therapists in fifteen markets in the communes of Abomey- Calavi, Cotonou, Zogbodomey, Bohicon and Abomey in Southern Benin. The phytochemical screening was a qualitative analysis based on staining and precipitation reactions. Antimicrobial activity of A. conyzoides aqueous and ethanolic extracts was evaluated on reference and clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans and Escherichia coli using micro dilutions method in wells from. The toxicity of A. conyzoides extracts was determine using Artemia salina larvae, whereas the antiradical activity was evaluated using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) method. Results: The survey showed that the population of Southern-Benin uses A. conyzoides according to different modes of preparation. Also, the administration in the treatment of a variety of pathologies affecting the female reproductive system. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, anthocyanins, triterpenes and C- heterosides. The yield of 6.18% for the aqueous extract and 4.32% for the ethanolic extract as recorded. The highest inhibition diameter (24.05 � 0.5 mm) was obtained using aqueous extract against the clinical S. aureus strain. In contrast, the lowest inhibition diameter (10�mm) was obtained against the S. aureus ATCC29213 with the same extract. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration varied from 2.5 to 5 mg/ml. Both extracts show a bactericidal and fungicidal effect on the different strains studied but the sensitivity of the strains to the aqueous extract is better compared to the ethanolic extract. In addition, the aqueous extracts showed higher antioxidant power co pared to the ethanolic extract. No toxicity is revealed for both extracts. Conclusion: The results obtained show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the aerial part of A. conyzoides have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties on strains involved in vaginal infections and do not present a toxicity.