ABSTRACT
Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of metformin monotherapy with the combination therapy of metformin and apple cider vinegar on the parameters of Body Mass Index and glycemic control of recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: A total of 126 patients were enrolled in this open-label randomized controlled trial, divided into two parallel arms: Group I (Metformin 750 mg alone per day) and Group II (Metformin 750 mg+Apple Cider Vinegar 2 tablespoons per day) and assessed for weight, Body Mass Index, Fasting Blood Sugar and Hemoglobin A1c after which the post-treatment values of the aforementioned parameters were compared between the two groups. Informed consent from all patients and ethical approval from the institutional ethics board was obtained. A p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: All the parameters underwent a significant reduction in the pre and post intra group comparison of each group (p-value<0.001). Moreover, a significant difference was found in the post-treatment comparisons of the Fasting Blood Sugar (p-value<0.001) and HbA1c (p-value=0.04) in between the two groups. However, no significant difference was obtained in the post-treatment comparisons of weight and Body Mass Index in between the two groups. Conclusion: Apple Cider Vinegar in combination with Metformin appears to be more effective in improving glycemic control versus Metformin monotherapy.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a common condition that complicates a substantial number of pregnancies. Currently, the first line management for patients with GDM is dietary modification and exercise. Recent evidence suggest that there may be a complimentary hypoglycemic effect of substances such as vinegar. @*Objectives@#This study is a randomized, crossover trial, aiming to determine the effect of 2-week bedtime ingestion of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on the blood glucose concentration of gravidas diagnosed with GDM in a tertiary hospital. Specifically, it aims to describe the patients’ general profile, to determine the effect of ACV on the 75 grams OGTT levels of the subjects, to correlate the change in blood glucose levels with ingestion of the same amount of ACV with the patient’s BMI, and to determine the acceptability of ACV ingestion in pregnant patients.@*Methods@#There were 32 patients included in the study. Upon diagnosis of GDM, subjects were randomized into two groups. Group A had a sequence of Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) for 2 weeks followed by MNT plus ingestion of 2 tablespoons of ACV diluted in a cup of water for another 2 weeks. Group B had the reverse sequence. A 75g OGTT was taken on Day 0, Day 14, and Day 28 of treatment, in which the values were compared. The data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0.@*Results@#Results showed that there is a marginally significant increase in the fasting blood sugar (FBS) and 2nd hour blood sugar at the moment when ACV was withdrawn. A greater reduction in the blood sugar level was noted in patients with higher BMI during the period when patients were given the ACV. The Likert scale response was also done showing that ACV is acceptable, affordable and well-tolerated among pregnant patients.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Diabetes, Gestational , Hypoglycemic AgentsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Common warts are among the top causes of dermatologic consultations. Apple cider vinegar is an old time home remedy for various ailments including common warts.Objectives: To compare the safety and efficacy of apple cider vinegar with salicylic-lactic acid solution in the treatment of common warts.METHODS: Twenty-seven patients clinically diagnosed with a total of 88 common warts were assigned randomly for topical application of either apple cider vinegar or salicylic-lactic acid solution which were applied and occluded for 3 consecutive days. Clinical evaluation and curettage were conducted on day 3 and every 3 days thereafter until complete resolution of the lesion for a maximum of 4 weeks. The primary outcome measured in this study was complete clinical cure of the treated wart. One week post-treatment evaluation assessment was also graded as clinical cure, clinical improvement, clinical failure and side effect failure. Adverse events were monitored.RESULTS: In the ACV group, 33 out of 44 (75%) common warts were completely cleared while in the salicylic-lactic acid (SA/LA) group, 26 common warts were completely cleared (59%). There was no significant difference in the cure rates between the two groups (p=0.112, chi-square test). There was no significant difference in the mean time to cure between the two groups, 11 days and 12 days in the apple cider vinegar and salicylic-lactic acid groups, respectively (p=0.090; log rank test). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (p=0.676; Fisher's exact test).CONCLUSION: Apple cider vinegar is a safe and effective topical treatment that was comparable to salicylic-lactic acid solution in the treatment of common warts.