A TCA-based Ideological and Political Teaching Model for the Biochemistry Course: Its Construction and Application / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Driven by initiatives of constructing the Four New Disciplines (new engineering, new medical sciences, new agriculture and new liberal arts) for higher education, Biochemistry teaching with ideological and political concerns is critical to the education achievements. Over the past 6 years, FMMU has carried out trials and practices on TCA model in Biochemistry teaching which can serve as a shared formula. TCA is originally an abbreviation for “tricarboxylic acid” cycle, and herein it stands for thinking and teamwork (T), critique (C) and appreciation (A), which hopefully could provide students with moral norms for cognition, science and life. Accordingly, a strategy is proposed to help systematically implement this “TCA” model, which highlights the notion of “3-integration for teaching”, “3-thinking for learning” and 3-step for setting”. Such “TCA”-based ideological and political model is adaptable to various universities in designing advanced teaching activities. In the case of FMMU, we created a “TCA pigeon” ideological and political pattern, with “pigeon” signifying medicine, the Air Force and peace, showing the distinctive features of a military medical university. Meanwhile, we have designed three advanced teaching activities. Specifically, “the magic biochemical-circle”, a shared learning platform that develops thinking abilities with a focus on autonomous learning and personal demonstration; “inter-guidance by basic and clinical teachers”, a heuristic large class that elicits critical thinking on basis of feedback, discussion and iteration; a task-driven “virtual reality (VR) program” enables students to deal with complicated situation and to undertake troubleshooting. The above “TCA pigeon” pattern has shown a generally favorable result among students in developing their skills such as holistic thinking, deep learning, introspecting and self-improvement. Yet, a few problems still occurred in practice and remained to be resolved.

TRABALHO ESSENCIAL PARA A DEFESA DA VIDA EM MEIO A PANDEMIA: na formação inicial e continuada de professores, nas escolas e para além delas / ESSENTIAL WORK FOR THE DEFENSE OF LIFE DURING THE PANDEMIC: in the initial and continuing teacher education, in schools and beyond them / TRABAJO ESENCIAL PARA LA DEFENSA DE LA VIDA EN MEDIO DE LA PANDEMIA: en la formación inicial y continua de los profesores, en las escuelas y más allá

O estudo documental analisa o que é essencial para a for-mação inicial e continuada de professores e para o trabalho pedagógico da Educação Física. As fontes foram documentos da ANFOPE, CNE, CNTE, CONFEF/CREF, MEC, MNCR, poder legislativo. Concluímos que existe um embate entre perspectivas: utilitarista e pragmática, que considera essenciais a exploração, terceirização, precarização da formação e do trabalho docente; e contra hegemônica, na qual o essencial é a vida humanizada, fundada na valorização da docência e do magistério, na formação e atuação profissional, na defesa dos serviços públicos e na luta por outro modo de produção da vida.

The documentary study analyzes what is essential for the initial and continuing education of teachers and for the pedagogical work of Physical Education. The sources were documents from ANFOPE, CNE, CNTE, CONFEF/CREF, MEC, MNCR, and legislative power. We conclude that there is a clash between perspectives: utilitarian and pragmaticconsiders essential the exploration, outsourcing, precariousness in tea-cher training and teacher work; and counter-hegemonic, for which the essential is the humanized life, based on the appreciation of teaching, on professional training and performance, on the defense of public servi-ces, and on the struggle for another way of production of life.

El estudio documental analiza lo fundamental para la formación inicial y continua de los profesores y para la labor pedagógica de la Educación Física. Las fuentes fueron documentos de ANFOPE, CNE, CNTE, CONFEF/CREF, MEC, MNCR y poder legislativo. Concluimos que existe un choque de perspectivas: la utilitarista y pragmática considera imprescindible la exploración, la subcontratación, la precariedad en la formación y el trabajo docente; y contrahegemónicoa para lo cual lo esencial es la vida humanizada, fundada en la valorización de la docência y del magisterio, en la formación y actuación profesional, en la defensa de los servicios públicos y en la lucha por otra forma de producción de la vida.

Trabalho essencial para a defesa da vida em meio a pandemia: na formação inicial e continuada de professores, nas escolas e para além delas / ESSENTIAL WORK FOR THE DEFENSE OF LIFE DURING THE PANDEMIC: in the initial and continuing teacher education, in schools and beyond them / TRABAJO ESENCIAL PARA LA DEFENSA DE LA VIDA EN MEDIO DE LA PANDEMIA: en la formación inicial y continua de los profesores, en las escuelas y más allá

O estudo documental analisa o que é essencial para a formação inicial e continuada de professores e para o trabalho pedagógico da Educação Física. As fontes foram documentos da ANFOPE, CNE, CNTE, CONFEF/CREF, MEC, MNCR, poder legislativo. Concluímos que existe um embate entre perspectivas: utilitarista e pragmática, que considera essenciais a exploração, terceirização, precarização da formação e do trabalho docente; e contra hegemônica, na qual o essencial é a vida humanizada, fundada na valorização da docência e do magistério, na formação e atuação profissional, na defesa dos serviços públicos e na luta por outro modo de produção da vida (AU).

The documentary study analyzes what is essential for the initial and continuing education of teachers and for the pedagogical work of Physical Education. The sources were documents from ANFOPE, CNE, CNTE, CONFEF/CREF, MEC, MNCR, and legislative power. We conclude that there is a clash between perspectives: utilitarian and pragmaticconsiders essential the exploration, outsourcing, precariousness in tea-cher training and teacher work; and counter-hegemonic, for which the essential is the humanized life, based on the appreciation of teaching, on professional training and performance, on the defense of public servi-ces, and on the struggle for another way of production of life (AU).

El estudio documental analiza lo fundamental para la formación inicial y continua de los profesores y para la labor pedagógica de la Educación Física. Las fuentes fueron documentos de ANFOPE, CNE, CNTE, CONFEF/CREF, MEC, MNCR y poder legislativo. Concluimos que existe un choque de perspectivas: la utilitarista y pragmática considera imprescindible la exploración, la subcontratación, la precariedad en la formación y el trabajo docente; y contrahegemónicoa para lo cual lo esencial es la vida humanizada, fundada en la valorización de la docência y del magisterio, en la formación y actuación profesional, en la defensa de los servicios públicos y en la lucha por otra forma de producción de la vida (AU).

Exploration and practice of applying discussion-based film and television appreciation to the cultivation of medical professionalism / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In view of the lack of teaching methods in the cultivation of medical professionalism, this paper puts forward some important strategies for improving medical students' professionalism through discussion-based film and television appreciation. High-quality discussion-based film and television appreciation can be designed according to the four links of film selection, concentrated viewing, independent discussion and summary feedback. At the same time, in practice, attention should be paid to three key issues: selecting appropriate films, ensuring the quality and depth of discussion, and paying attention to feedback and evaluation. Practice has proved that discussion-based film and television appreciation makes the cultivation of professionalism more attractive, and can promote the professional knowledge and professional spirit, enhance students' professional enthusiasm, promote the understanding of the connotation of professionalism and reflection on related issues. Medical colleges should continue to improve the design of film viewing in practice, so as to help students better absorb humanistic nutrients from the discussion and enhance the teaching effect of professionalism.

Nursing representativity in television health series / Representatividad de la enfermería en las series de televisión sobre salud / Representatividade da enfermagem nos seriados de saúde da televisão

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze how nursing is represented by the series that portray the context of clinical health care. v Method: a descriptive, exploratory study carried out in a public Higher Education Institution. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews with nursing students. Data analysis was performed through content analysis, supported by IRAMUTEQ version 0.7 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 22.0 software. Results: the analysis of the data allowed for the identification of two categories directly related to the role of nursing and to the power relations between the characters. Yet, although television series are common among nursing students, they have not influenced them in choosing the course. However, the positive perception on the part of some interviewees was related to admiration for the field of human health, but not with the nursing characters represented in the television shows. Conclusion: nursing in health series is not perceived as a leading category in its responsibilities in the care process, but only as an auxiliary group. It is noticed that the media reproduces the biomedical model, emphasizing the medical professional as the central character in clinical care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar cómo se representa la Enfermería en las series de televisión que retratan el contexto de los cuidados clínicos de la salud. Método: estudio descriptivo y exploratorio realizado en una Institución de Enseñanza superior pública. Los datos se recopilaron por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas con estudiantes de la carrera de grado de Enfermería. El análisis de los datos se realizó por medio del análisis de contenido, con la ayuda de los programas IRAMUTEQ versión 0.7 y Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versión 22.0. Resultados: el análisis de los datos permitió identificar dos categorías relacionadas directamente al rol de la enfermería y las relaciones de poder entre los personajes. Sin embargo, a pesar de que los estudiantes de Enfermería son espectadores habituales de las series televisivas, estas no los influenciaron al elegir su carrera. No obstante, por parte de algunos entrevistados, la percepción positiva estuvo relacionada con la admiración al campo de la salud de los seres humanos, aunque no con los personajes de Enfermería representados en los programas de televisión. Conclusión: en las series de salud, la Enfermería no se percibe como una categoría protagonista en sus responsabilidades inherentes al proceso del cuidado, sino solamente como un grupo auxiliar de profesionales. Se percibe que los medios de comunicación reproducen el modelo biomédico, enfatizando al profesional de la Medicina como el personaje central en los cuidados clínicos.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar como a enfermagem é representada pelos seriados que retratam o contexto dos cuidados clínicos em saúde. Método: estudo descritivo e exploratório, realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior Pública. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com graduandos de enfermagem. A análise de dados foi feita por meio da análise de conteúdo, subsidiada pelos softwares IRAMUTEQ versão 0.7 e Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versão 22.0. Resultados: a análise dos dados permitiu a identificação de duas categorias relacionadas diretamente ao papel da enfermagem e as relações de poder entre os personagens. Ainda, apesar dos seriados televisivos serem comum entre os estudantes de enfermagem, estas não influenciaram os acadêmicos na escolha do curso. Entretanto, a percepção positiva, por parte de alguns entrevistados, esteve relacionada com a admiração ao campo da saúde humana, mas não com as personagens de enfermagem representadas nos shows televisivos. Conclusão: a enfermagem nos seriados de saúde não é percebida como categoria protagonista em suas responsabilidades no processo de cuidar, mas, somente como um grupo auxiliar. Percebe-se que a mídia reproduz o modelo biomédico, enfatizando o profissional médico como o personagem central no cuidado clínico.

Appreciation in Relationships (AIR) Scale: Preliminary Evidence of Validity and Accuracy in Brazil / Escala de Apreciação em Relacionamentos (AIR): Evidências Preliminares de Validade e Precisão no Brasil / Escala de Apreciación en Relaciones (AIR): Evidencias Preliminares de Validez y Precisión en Brasil

Abstract This study aimed to adapt the Appreciation in Relationships (AIR) scale for the Brazilian context and to seek evidence of validity and accuracy, based on evidence of construct validity (i.e. factor analysis and internal consistency). The sample consisted of 233 people in amorous relationships from 15 Brazilian states, over 18 years of age. The majority were women (52.4%), even though a population with a homogeneous composition was sought to respond to the instruments: AIR and Sociodemographic Questionnaire. Through Structural Equation Modeling, with Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the theory regarding the existence of two factors was confirmed. The two-factor model presented the following fit indices: χ2 / df = 2.70, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA (90%CI) = 0.08 (0.07-0.10). It was concluded that the AIR presents acceptable evidence regarding the psychometric parameters in the context, and can be used in further studies on appreciation in relationships.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou adaptar e buscar evidências de validade e precisão da escala de Apreciação nos Relacionamentos (AIR) para o contexto brasileiro, com base em evidências de validade de construto, como a análise fatorial e a consistência interna. A amostra foi composta por 233 pessoas em relacionamento amoroso de 15 estados brasileiros, maiores de 18 anos, sendo a maioria mulheres (52,4%), mesmo com a busca por uma população com composição homogênea. Os participantes responderam aos instrumentos: a AIR e o Questionário Sociodemográfico. Através da Modelagem por Equações Estruturais, com a Análise Fatorial Confirmatória, foi confirmada a estrutura da medida sobre a existência de dois fatores, com os seguintes índices de ajuste: χ2/gl= 2,70, CFI = 0,97, TLI = 0,96, RMSEA (IC90%) = 0,08 (0,07-0,10). Conclui-se que a AIR revela evidências preliminares aceitáveis quanto aos parâmetros psicométricos no contexto brasileiro, podendo ser utilizada em pesquisas sobre a apreciação nos relacionamentos no Brasil.

Resumen Este estudio objetivó adaptar y buscar evidencias de validez y precisión de la escala de Apreciación en las Relaciones (AIR) para el contexto brasileño, con base en evidencias de validez de constructo, como el análisis factorial y la consistencia interna. La muestra fue compuesta por 233 personas en relación amorosa de 15 estados brasileños, mayores de 18 años, siendo la mayoría mujeres (52,4%), incluso con la búsqueda por una población con 3/8composición homogénea para responder a los instrumentos, el AIR y el Cuestionario Sociodemográfico. A través del Modelado por Ecuaciones Estructurales, con el Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio, se confirmó la teoría sobre la existencia de dos factores. El modelo bifactorial presentó los siguientes índices de ajuste: χ2 / gl = 2.70, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA (IC90%) = 0.08 (0.07-0.10). Se concluye que AIR revela evidencias aceptables en cuanto a los parámetros psicométricos en el contexto, pudiendo ser utilizada en más investigaciones sobre la apreciación en las relaciones.

La apreciación literaria orientada a la praxis humana en el contexto formativo de la universidad médica / Human praxis-oriented literary appreciation in the educational context of a medical university

La lectura de obras literarias constituye una herramienta para contribuir al desarrollo cognoscitivo, valorativo y empático del estudiante, así como a la aprehensión y transformación de la realidad. Por lo que el objetivo consistió en valorar la importancia de los talleres de apreciación literaria como contribución a la praxis humana en la Educación Médica mediante el criterio de especialistas.

Reading literary works is a tool to contribute to students' cognitive, assessable and empathetic development as well as to capture and transform reality. Therefore, the objective is to assess the importance of literary appreciation as a contribution to human praxis in the educational context of a medical university.

O dilema de Salieri: contraponto entre inveja e apreço / Salieri's dilemma: counterpoint between envy and appreciation

Tomando como ponto de partida os conceitos kleinianos de 1957, este artigo põe em destaque algumas características da inveja que ainda não foram levadas em consideração pela psicanálise. Klein descreve o conflito entre a inveja e a gratidão como algo inerente ao ser humano; ela sugere uma interessante conexão entre a inveja e a admiração, mas sua teoria nunca desenvolveu essa ideia. A hipótese que apresentamos neste trabalho é a existência de uma intolerância específica ­ relacionada à inveja ­ da capacidade de alguém de reconhecer os aspectos meritórios do objeto. Essa situação leva ao paradoxo de que a capacidade que permite ao paciente apreciar as qualidades boas do objeto é, ao mesmo tempo, fonte de dor insuportável. A capacidade de reconhecer os aspectos bons do objeto ­ percebidos ou atribuídos pela identificação projetiva ­ não pode ser aceita como um aspecto meritório do self e é considerada uma prova da falta de valor do self. Acreditamos que a descrição dessa intolerância em relação ao apreço admirativo introduz uma mudança no entendimento da idealização considerada como uma simples defesa contra a inveja, enriquecendo o conflito expresso no imediatismo da transferência ­ contratransferência(AU)

Taking as its starting point Klein's concepts of 1957, this paper stresses certain characteristics of envy that have not yet been taken into account in psychoanalysis. Klein described the conflict between envy and gratitude as inherent in the human being; she suggested an interesting link between envy and admiration, but never developed this idea in her theory. The hypothesis that we put forward in this paper is the existence of a particular intolerance ­ related to envy­ of one's own capacity to recognise the valuable aspects of the object. This situation leads to the paradox that the same faculty that allows the patient to appreciate the good qualities of the object is at the same time the source of unbearable pain. The capacity to recognise the good aspects of the object ­ whether they are perceived or attributed by projective identication ­ cannot be accepted as a valuable aspect of the self and is taken as a proof of the self's unworthiness. We think that the description of this intolerance towards admirative appreciation introduces a change in the understanding of idealisation simply as a defence against envy and enriches the conflict expressed in the immediacy of the transference countertransference(AU)

Tomando como punto de partida los conceptos kleinianos de 1957, en este artículo se resaltan algunas características de la envidia que el psicoanálisis aún no ha tenido en cuenta. Klein describe el conflicto entre la envidia y la gratitud como algo inherente al ser humano y sugiere una interesante conexión entre la envidia y la admiración, pero, en su teoría, nunca desarrolló esa última idea. La hipótesis que presentamos en este trabajo es la de la existencia de una intolerancia específica ­ relacionada a la envidia ­ de la capacidad de alguien de reconocer aspectos valiosos del objeto. Esta situación conduce a la paradoja de que la misma facultad que le permite al paciente apreciar las cualidades buenas del objeto es, al mismo tiempo, una fuente de dolor insoportable. La capacidad de reconocer los aspectos buenos del objeto -percibidos o atribuidos por identificación proyectiva ­ no se puede aceptar como un aspecto valioso del self y se considera una prueba de la falta de valor del self. Pensamos que la descripción de dicha intolerancia con respecto al aprecio admirativo introduce un cambio en el entendimiento de la idealización considerada simplemente como una defensa contra la envidia y enriquece el conflicto que se expresa en el inmediatismo de la transferencia-contratransferencia(AU)

Application of appreciative intervention in humanistic nursing of patients undergoing renal biopsy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To explore the effect of appreciation intervention on anxiety and complications in patients with renal biopsy. Methods A total of 197 cases of renal biopsy patients were divided into the control group (n=96) and the observation group (n=101). The observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention with appreciation, the control group was only given comprehensive nursing care, the two groups were evaluated with Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) upon admission and 1 week after puncture. Results After intervention, the SAS score of the observation group was 30.87 ± 4.52, and the SAS score of the control group was 32.32 ± 3.72, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.45,P<0.05). Totally 97 patients in the observation group and 78 cases in the control group received bed urination exercises, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=9.412,P<0.01). The complications of two groups were collected, the complications in the observation group were 27 cases, and the complications in the control group were 50 cases, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=13.285,P<0.01). Among the postoperative complications, 8 of the patients in the observation group had urinary retention, and 19 of the control group had urinary retention (t=2.446,P=0.015). In the observation group, 3 cases had abdominal distention, and 10 cases in the control group suffered from abdominal distension (t=2.117, P=0.035). In the observation group, 1 case had low back pain, and 6 cases in the control group suffered from lumbago (t=2.004, P=0.047); the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Appreciate intervention for patients with renal puncture biopsy has a positive impact on the bed urination exercise in puncture before surgery. It can alleviate the anxiety of patients received renal biopsy, reduce urinary retention, abdominal distension and pain complications, and improve bedridden experience.

Exploring Supervisor-Related Job Resources as Mediators between Supervisor Conflict and Job Attitudes in Hospital Employees

BACKGROUND: Conservation of resources theory assumes loss of resources as a cause of job strain. In hospital work, conflicts with supervisors are tested to predict lower resources, that is, supervisory social support, participation possibilities, and appreciation. All three resources are expected to predict, in turn, experienced stress (job strain) and lower job satisfaction, lower affective commitment, and a higher resigned attitude towards the job (job attitudes). METHODS: The sample included 1,073 employees from 14 Swiss hospitals (n = 604 nurses, n = 81 physicians, n = 135 medical therapists, and n = 253 technical and administrative staff). Of the total sample, 83.1% were female and 38.9% worked full-time. The median tenure was between 7 years and 10 years. Constructs were assessed by online questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. RESULTS: Structural equation modeling confirmed the negative association of conflict with supervisors and job resources. Tests of indirect paths to resources as a link between conflicts with supervisors and job attitudes were significant. For nurses, social support, participation and appreciation showed a significant indirect path, while among medical technicians the indirect paths included social support and appreciation, and among physicians only appreciation showed a significant indirect path. In medical therapists no indirect path was significant. Job resources did not mediate the link between conflict with supervisors and stress in any occupational group. CONCLUSION: Conflicts with supervisors are likely to reduce job resources and in turn to lower job attitudes. Work design in hospitals should, therefore, address interpersonal working conditions and conflict management in leadership development.

Produção artesanal: documentação e divulgação audiovisual como tecnologias de valorização sociocultural / Handicrafts production: documentation and audiovisual dissemination as sociocultural appreciation technology

O texto apresenta os resultados do projeto de pesquisa científica, tecnológica e de inovação na área de Economia Criativa, realizado no período de janeiro de 2014 a janeiro de 2015, cujo objetivo central foi documentar e divulgar os artesãos e a produção artesanal da Vila de Itaúnas, ES. O processo desenvolveu-se a partir de conversas iniciais, seguidas de planejamento e realização de oficinas de caráter participativo de documentação e divulgação audiovisual em torno da produção de artesanatos e de sua relação com a biodiversidade e cultura local. O objetivo inicial foi de promover espaços de expressão e de difusão do conhecimento entre e para a população local, alcançando também um público regional, estadual e nacional. Ao longo do processo, identificou-se que as oficinas participativas e a produção coletiva de um sítio virtual para divulgação das práticas e dos produtos contribuíram para a valorização e reconhecimento sociocultural do artesão e do artesanato na região.

The paper presents the results of scientific research, technology and innovation project in the creative economy sector, conducted from January 2014 to January 2015 that aimed to document and disclose the artisans and handicraft production of Vila de Itaúnas, ES, Brasil. The process was developed from initial conversations, followed by planning and conducting participatory workshops for documentation and audiovisual dissemination around the production of handicrafts and its relation to biodiversity and local culture. The initial objective was to promote expression and diffusion spaces of knowledge among and for the local population, also reaching a regional, state and national public. Throughout the process, it was found that the participatory workshops and the collective production of a virtual site for disclosure of practices and products contributed to the development and socio-cultural recognition of artisan and craft in the region.

Valorização de professores por meio da arteterapia / Teacher appreciation through art therapy

As transformações nas políticas educacionais repercutem nas condições de trabalho dos professores, causando-lhes sobrecargas diretamente ligadas a formas de mal-estar, sofrimento e adoecimento. Este estudo de abordagem qualitativa teve como objetivo descrever e analisar os efeitos à saúde possibilitados pela Oficina de Arteterapia, do Programa de Valorização do Servidor da Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória/ES, segundo a opinião de seus idealizadores, executores e participantes e confrontar tais julgamentos, em face de outras experiências semelhantes. No levantamento teórico-conceitual realizado, ficou claro que há um consenso de que a valorização docente deve constituir caráter central quando se pensa nas políticas públicas que visam oferecer educação de qualidade para a população. Entretanto, apesar de a iniciativa analisada ter seu valor no bem-estar e alívio de tensões dos participantes, não constitui, de fato, uma política de governo voltada para a valorização dos professores da rede municipal.

The changes in educational policies have an impact on teachers' working conditions, causing overloads directly involved in forms of malaise, suffering and illness. This qualitative study aimed to describe and analyze the health effects made possible by the Art Therapy Workshop, the Server Valorization Program of municipality of Vitoria-ES, in the opinion of its creators, performers and participants and confront such judgments, in the face of similar experiences. On the theoretical-conceptual survey carried out, it became clear that there is a consensus that teacher appreciation must be central character when thinking in public policies, which aim to provide quality education to the population. However, despite the initiative examined have its value in well-being and relieving stress of participants, is not, in fact, a focused government policy for the valorization of teachers of the municipal network.

La apreciación literaria en la formación socio-humanista del estudiante de Medicina / The role of literary analysis in the socio-humanistic education of Medicine students

Las universidades de Ciencias Médicas tienen el reto de graduar un profesional que posea una amplia cultura general integral. El diagnóstico y caracterización del estado actual de la formación socio-humanista de los estudiantes que ingresan a la Casa de Altos Estudios reveló las insuficiencias que existen, por lo cual el objetivo consistió en la elaboración de un sistema de talleres de apreciación literaria para la formación socio-humanista de los estudiantes de Medicina de primer año de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey que forma parte de un proyecto aprobado en el programa de ciencia, tecnología e innovación nacional número 2, Organización, eficiencia y calidad de los servicios de salud, con el código 152049. El mismo constituye un aporte al Trabajo Educativo y de Extensión Universitaria en la institución.

Medical universities face the challenge of graduating a professional with a comprehensive cultural background. The diagnosis and characterization of the current situation in regards to the socio-humanistic education of the students entering Camaguey´s Medical University revealed several insufficiencies. Due to this, the objective of this research was to prepare a system of literary analysis workshops to enable the socio-humanistic education of first year Medical students at Camaguey´s Medical University. This investigation has been approved as a project belonging to a national science, technology and innovation program (Organization, efficiency and quality of health services) with the code 152049 and is a contribution to the educational work of the university.

Apreciación estética y artística en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de la medicina / Aesthetic and artistic appreciation using teaching-learning process in medical degree

Actualmente el trabajo educativo y las acciones de extensión no estimulan la apreciación estética y el disfrute del arte como parte de los conocimientos y habilidades específicas en los estudiantes, con lo que se articularían dos procesos centrales de la gestión universitaria. Se presenta un modelo para incorporar la apreciación artística en las asignaturas de la carrera de Medicina como complemento del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje. A partir de los programas de las principales asignaturas de esta carrera y de acuerdo con los contenidos, se seleccionaron obras de arte que pueden ser utilizados como ejemplos para incorporarlas en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje sirviendo de elementos para la motivación y el aprendizaje, conjugando las funciones docentes con las extensionistas. Las obras de arte se ajustan a las asignaturas del ciclo básico, preclínico y clínico como es el caso de la Morfofisiología, Agentes Biológicos, Anatomía Patológica, Psicología, Medicina Interna, Cirugía, Pediatría, Ginecobstetricia, Ortopedia, Otorrinolaringología, y Medicina Legal entre otras. Se estimula a los profesores a seleccionar sus propias obras, a orientar trabajos independientes por asignaturas que sean presentados en jornadas estudiantiles y de extensión universitaria y a trabajar sus nexos con los contenidos. La inclusión de obras de arte en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje favorecería el rescate de la formación cultural y el gusto por el arte en los estudiantes y profesores de la carrera de medicina.

Nowadays educative work and university extension do not stimulate aesthetic appreciation and artistic enjoyment as a part of knowledge and specific cleverness in students, to coordinate two central processes of university management. There is a model to incorporate the encouragement of artistic appreciation in medical subjects as a complement of teaching-learning process. They were revised programs of main subjects of medical career, selecting works of art as example according contents of each one, to incorporate them in teaching-learning process, useful for motivation and combining teaching and extension functions. They were show works of art for basic, preclinic and clinic lectures as Morphophysiology, Microbiology, Pathology, Psychology, Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Gynecology and Obstetrics, Orthopedic, Otorhinolaryngology, and Legal Medicine among others, encouraging teachers to choose their preferred works of arts, to give students guidance for extra class works to be present in scientific and university extension conferences. Including works of arts in teaching-learning process will help recovery cultural education and pleasure for the enjoyment of art in students and professors of medicine career.

Application of PBL teaching mode in laboratory diagnosis teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To investigate the application of PBL teaching mode in laboratory diagnosis teaching. Methods 80 clinical medicine undergraduate students were divided into two groups. Tradition lecture was conducted to control group in laboratory diagnosis teaching,while PBL teaching mode PBL teaching mode was carried out to experiment group,and then the mastery of knowledge and appreciation on these two teaching modes was compared. Results The students in the experiment group mastered knowledge better than those in the control group,and the gratification of appreciation on PBL teaching mode was higher than that on the control group. Conclusion The activeness,energeticity,ability of self-study and combination diathesis of the students were improved through PBL teaching. There was good mutual communication between teacher and students and the teaching quality was improved.

On Offering the Course of Literature Appreciation in Medical College / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Currently,higher education has entered into a profound reform period,and it is an inevitable trend to strengthen humanities and sociology education in scientific and technological universities and colleges.On the basis of the practice of offering the course of literature appreciation in medical college,we will discuss the actuality,necessity and the way of offering the course in this paper.

The Application Practice of Movie Appreciation Curriculum in HIV/AIDS Education for College Students / 中国医学伦理学

In current years,there is a tendency for HIV/AIDS to shift to adolescent population,thus HIV/AIDS education aimed at college students is drawing increasing attention from all parts including the governments,colleges and universities,and the whole society.By analyzing the current spreading trend of HIV/AIDS,this thesis introduces the modern teaching methods in HIV/AIDS education and existing problems,and tentatively introduces movie appreciation as a novel teaching approach.The application advantages of movie appreciation and concrete examples from six universities in Shanxi Provinces have also be delivered,aiming to explore a new pattern for HIV/AIDS education among Chinese college students.