ABSTRACT
Background: Sexual dysfunction has been traditionally attributed to psychogenic origins and managed bymental health professionals and urologists. However, advances in pathophysiology research point to avascular origin of the problem in the majority of patients, possibly due to atherosclerotic lesions in the genitalarteries that result in decreased blood flow. During management of Hypertension; even the highly skilledphysicians fail to raise the question of sexual dysfunction as they have never been accustomed to do it intheir routine practice.Aim: The study has two aims- (i) to evaluate sexual dysfunctions in male patients of Hypertension and (ii)comparison of sexual dysfunctions and other variables between case and control group.Methodology: Consecutive 200 Hypertensive patients were included in the study. Individuals withcomparable age served as a control group. Detailed socio-demographic variables, substance history andtreatment history for hypertension obtained using a semi-structured Performa. Subject’s sexual dysfunctionswere assessed by ASEX (Arizona Sexual Experience Scale), IIEF (International Index of ErectileDysfunction), PEDT ( Premature ejaculation diagnostic tools).Result: Of the 200 hypertensive patients, 74(37%) participants reported erectile dysfunction, 16(8%)participants reported premature ejaculation, while among 200 normotensive participants, only 8(4%)reported erectile dysfunction, 15(7.5%) reported premature ejaculation. Of the hypertensive participantsstudied, 23% had severe, 8% had moderate, 6% had mild erectile dysfunction. Frequency of erectiledysfunction increase with advancing age.Conclusion: The present study has revealed that erectile dysfunction was a major problem, with a higherprevalence among hypertensive men than normotensive men. Age was considered statistically significantpredictors of erectile dysfunction.Keywords: Sexual dysfunctions, International Index of Erectile dysfunction, Arizona sexual experiencescale, Premature ejaculation diagnostic tools, hypertension
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the factors influencing the sexual function of the male patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).@*METHODS@#Using Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), we conducted a questionnaire investigation among 81 male patients with OSA aged 40.5 ± 8.6 years and 35 healthy volunteers aged 38.8 ± 10 years. According to the sex drive (SD) score in ASEX, we divided the OSA patients into an SD reduction group (SD score = 4, n = 32) and a non-SD reduction group (SD score <4, n = 49), compared the clinical data and polysomnographic (PSG) indexes, and analyzed the factors influencing SD by evaluating the association of the PSG indexes with the SD score.@*RESULTS@#The OSA patients scored significantly higher than the healthy controls in ESS (8 ± 5 vs 5 ± 4, P <0.05) and ASEX (15 ± 4 vs 10 ± 2, P <0.05), and so did the patients of the SD reduction group than those of the non-SD reduction group in ESS (9 ± 5 vs 6 ± 5, P <0.05) and saturation impair time below 90% (SIT90) (41.01 ± 26.95 vs 21.87 ± 19.03, P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the SD score was significantly correlated with age (β = 0.25, P <0.001) and SIT90 (β = 0.4, P <0.001) in the OSA patients.@*CONCLUSIONS@#OSA affects various aspects of the sexual function, particularly SD, of the patient. The duration of hypoxia and age of the patient are independent risk factors for SD reduction, which can be considered as a main clinical symptom of OSA.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Age Factors , Case-Control Studies , Hypoxia , Libido , Physiology , Risk Factors , Sleep Apnea, Obstructive , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Teaching of Introduction to information management is one of the important tasks for library and informa-tion subject and archive management subject. The leading teaching materials of Introduction to information manage‐ment used in China at present were listed, the contents in Introduction to information management were summa-rized, and the teaching models for the basic courses of informatics in University of Arizona and their enlightenments on teaching of such courses in China were analyzed with certain suggestions put forward for the teaching reform of Introduction to information management in China.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The region on the United States (US) side of the US-Mexico border consists of 44 counties in four states; populations on both sides of the border have similar health problems. Healthy Border 2010: An Agenda for Improving Health on the US-Mexico Border (HB 2010) is a binational agenda of health promotion and disease prevention for individuals in the region. This study reports on the health status of the four southern Arizona border counties. METHODS: Data on health indicators for Cochise, Pima, Santa Cruz, and Yuma Counties were collected from the Arizona Department of Health Services Vital Records and Statistics. Progress was calculated as a percentage made toward or away from the 2010 target. Comparisons were made between the border counties and Arizona. RESULTS: Progress toward the HB 2010 targets varied among the border counties. All border counties made progress toward the targets with the cervical cancer, hepatitis A, and teenage birthrate objectives. Most border counties moved toward the goals for breast cancer, diabetes mortality, tuberculosis, motor vehicle crashes, infant mortality from congenital abnormalities, and prenatal care. Border counties moved away from the target with the human immunodeficiency virus and infant mortality objectives. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of the HB 2010 objectives provided a comprehensive description of the health status of the population. Although the southern Arizona border counties have shown improvement in some areas, monitoring is still needed to identify the disparities that remain.
OBJETIVO: La región estadounidense de la frontera entre México y los Estados Unidos consta de 48 condados distribuidos en cuatro estados, y las poblaciones que viven a uno y otro lado de la frontera tienen problemas de salud similares. El programa binacional "Frontera saludable 2010" está destinado a las poblaciones de la región y se propone mejorar la situación sanitaria en la frontera entre México y los Estados Unidos mediante actividades de promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades. Este estudio es un informe sobre la situación sanitaria de los cuatro condados de la frontera sur de Arizona. MÉTODOS. Los datos acerca de los indicadores de salud de los condados de Cochise, Pima, Santa Cruz y Yuma se obtuvieron del registro civil y estadísticas del Departamento de Servicios de Salud de Arizona. Se calculó el progreso mediante un porcentaje que refleja la cercanía o la lejanía del objetivo propuesto para el año 2010. Se compararon los datos correspondientes a los condados fronterizos con los del estado de Arizona. RESULTADOS: El progreso hacia los objetivos del programa "Frontera saludable 2010" no fue uniforme en los distintos condados fronterizos. Los cuatro condados lograron avances hacia los objetivos propuestos en materia de cáncer cervicouterino, hepatitis A y tasa de natalidad entre las adolescentes. La mayoría de los condados fronterizos están más próximos a cumplir con los objetivos en materia de cáncer de mama, mortalidad por diabetes, tuberculosis, colisiones de vehículos automotores, mortalidad infantil por anomalías congénitas y atención prenatal. Sin embargo, ninguno de los cuatro condados se está acercando al objetivo propuesto en cuanto al virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana y la mortalidad infantil. CONCLUSIONES: La evaluación de los objetivos del programa "Frontera saludable 2010" brindó una descripción integral de la situación de salud de la población. Aunque los condados de la frontera sur de Arizona han logrado avances en algunos aspectos, sigue siendo necesario mantener la vigilancia con el fin de detectar las disparidades aún presentes.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Health Status , Arizona , Epidemiologic Studies , MexicoABSTRACT
Background: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) have the potential to produce delayed ejaculation in men, delayed orgasm or anorgasmia in women and decreased libido that is independent of the gender. The occurrence of medication-associated sexual dysfunction increases the likelihood of medication non-compliance (or non-adherence) in patients, which may contribute to untreated depression and/or disease relapse. Materials & Methods: 60 patients with diagnosis of Depressive episode (in remission at the time of study), divided into 2 groups of 30 patients taking Duloxetine and the remaining 30 patients taking Escitalopram, were recruited on consecutive basis from the patients attending Psychiatry OPD of Lady Hardinge Medical College (LHMC). Each subject was rated on Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) and the results obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: In the present study the average ASEX score obtained in the Escitalopram group (12.63) was found to be more than that in Duloxetine group (12.36), though this difference was not found to be statistically significant. Conclusions: These results illustrate that antidepressant-induced sexual dysfunction is reported frequently by patients taking SSRIs or SNRIs. Our study did not find any significant difference between escitalopram and duloxetine with respect to their sexual dysfunction profile but in view of the limitations of our study there is need for further research in this domain of psychopharmacology.
Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Citalopram/adverse effects , Duloxetine Hydrochloride/adverse effects , Female , Humans , India , Male , Psychometrics , Sexual Behavior , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/chemically induced , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology , Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/chemically induced , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/etiology , Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
The septicemia caused by the Arizona group organism is rare and usually observed in adults with underlying diseases. In Korea, Salmonella infection is common, but a report of Arizona infection is unknown. We isolated S. entercia subsp. diarizonae from blood of a 6-month-old infant. The serovar was determined as 28:z10:-, a rare one in America. The isolate was susceptible to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and others. The patient rapidly recovered with ampicillin and gentamicin therapy. Clinical laboratories should consider that the infection exists in Korea and should attempt to isolate and identify Arizona organism in certain patients.