Traumatismo dentoalveolar en niños y adultos del sistema de salud de la Armada de Chile, 2014-2019

Objetivo: Describir los casos notificados de traumatismos dentoalveolares en dientes temporales y definitivos en la Unidad Clínica de Traumatismo Dentoalveolar de la Armada de Chile en el período 2014-2019. Materiales y Métodos: Descriptivo de tipo transversal. Se incluyeron todos los casos atendidos con diagnóstico de traumatismo dentoalveolar entre 2 a 80 años en la población estudiada. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo utilizando medidas de tendencia central y un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: Se analizó un total de 326 casos, predominando el género masculino, con una edad media de 25,4 años. El 38% correspondieron a subluxación, siendo la etiología más frecuente la caída con un 69% y el lugar de ocurrencia, el hogar con un 35,6%. La mayoría de los beneficiarios correspondieron a familiares con derecho a atención en el sistema naval, y demoraron menos de 7 días en consultar con un 54.6%. Conclusión: El tipo de traumatismo dentoalveolar más frecuente fue la subluxación. En cuanto a la etiología, destacan las caídas y golpes con objetos, en su mayoría, en el hogar, afectando principalmente a hombres menores de 30 años. El tiempo en consultar e iniciar el tratamiento correspondiente, fue dentro de 7 días.

Objective: To describe the reported cases of dentoalveolar trauma in temporary and permanent teeth in the Clinical Unit of Dentoalveolar Trauma of the Chilean Army in the period 2014-2019. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study. All cases attended with a diagnosis of dentoalveolar trauma between 2 and 80 years old were included in the study population. A descriptive analysis was performed using measures of central tendency and a logistic regression model. Results: A total of 326 cases were analyzed, predominantly male gender, with a mean age of 25.4 years. Thirty-eight percent corresponded to subluxation, the most frequent etiology being fall with 69% and the place of the event, home with 35.6%. Most of the beneficiaries were family members entitled to care in the army system, and took less than 7 days to come for attention with 54.6%. Conclusion: The most frequent type of dentoalveolar trauma was subluxation. As for the etiology, falls and hits with objects stand out, mostly at home, affecting mainly men under 30 years of age. The time to come for consultation and start the corresponding treatment was within 7 days.

Electrocardiogram abnormalities detected during a routine medical examination of healthy members of the armed forces: An observational study

Background and objective: Only few studies addressed ECG findings in healthy members of the Indian armed forces or the general population of India. The study was conducted to assess the prevalence of abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) detected during a routine medical examination of healthy members of the Indian armed forces. Method: The ECG of all the healthy members performed during a routine medical examination was initially reported by physicians at various armed forces service hospitals in the Eastern Command (EC) and later perused by the cardiologist at Command Hospital Eastern Command (CHEC). Individuals with abnormal ECG underwent relevant cardiac evaluation at CHEC to determine the underlying pathology. Results: A total of 1,045 members of the Indian armed forces were included in the study and were categorised as follows: 244 in Group-1 (aged < 25years), 478 in Group-2 (aged between 25 to 40 years) and 323 in Group-3 (aged > 40years). Abnormal ECG was found in 108 (10.3%) individuals. Left axis deviation was the most common abnormality detected in 18 (1.2%) individuals, followed by incomplete RBBB and T wave inversion which were each found in 15 subjects (1.43% of all individuals and 13.9% of the subjects with abnormal ECG). The prevalence of ECG abnormalities detected in our study was similar to that reported in previous studies. Only five (0.47%) of the 108 individuals with abnormal ECG were found to have underlying cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Morphological ECG abnormalities were common in the subjects but did not vary significantly from the general population, and only a minority had underlying pathology. While most of the abnormalities may only represent normal variations and their occurrence in healthy individuals during routine health check-ups should not be alarming. Evaluation of structural heart disease should be done for ECG abnormalities with prognostic significance that has been well-characterised.

Caracterización del Traumatismo Dentoalveolar Concomitante a Trauma Maxilofacial en Personal Profesional de Fuerzas Armadas: Revisión Narrativa

El trauma maxilofacial es un problema de salud pública, comúnmente asociado a traumatismo dentoalveolar. Su prevalencia es alta, siendo más frecuente en poblaciones de riesgo, como personal de Fuerzas Armadas, esto por sus actividades laborales, generando gran impacto en el paciente. Caracterizar, según la literatura, el traumatismo dentoalveolar concomitante a trauma maxilofacial en el personal profesional de Fuerzas Armadas. Se realizó una revisión narrativa en cuatro bases de datos, en octubre del 2020. Se incluyeron publicaciones de máximo 5 años de antigüedad, en inglés o español, con resumen disponible, estudios primarios y revisiones sistemáticas. Se excluyó publicaciones no disponibles en texto completo y reportes de casos. Se incluyeron 15 artículos. Existe un déficit de evidencia sobre la asociación que existe entre traumatismo dentoalveolar y traumatismo maxilofacial en la población estudiada. Encontrándose que solo el 6,7 % de estos incluía en su análisis la concomitancia entre ambos tipos de traumas. Sin embargo, los diagnósticos más prevalentes consistieron en fracturas coronarias y mandibulares, respectivamente, asociadas a actividades de entrenamiento y combate. Se establece que el tipo de trauma maxilofacial más frecuente en la población profesional de Fuerzas Armadas es la fractura mandibular y en relación al traumatismo dentoalveolar, la fractura coronaria. En cuanto a la etiología, destacan las heridas de bala, explosivos y accidentes en vehículos, afectando principalmente a personal del Ejército entre 18 a 30 años. Es importante mencionar que los artículos incluidos en esta revisión que hacen referencia a la concomitancia entre el traumatismo dentoalveolar y maxilofacial son escasos y no se encuentran actualizados, por lo que, se necesita continuar investigando en esta temática.

The maxillofacial injuries are a public health issue commonly associated to dentoalveolar injuries. Its high prevalence in risk population such as the Armed Forces personnel, due to their work activities, generates a great impact on the patient. Characterize, according to the literature, dentoalveolar injuries within the maxillofacial injuries in professional Armed Forces personnel. A narrative research was conducted on October 2020 with four data bases. Only 5-year-old publications were considered both in English and Spanish, including their available summary, primary studies and systematic revisions. Publications without full access or report cases were not included. Fifteen scientific papers were included. There is a deficit of evidence between maxillofacial and dentoalveolar injuries in the target population. Only 6.7 % of the research included a joint analysis between both traumas, however the most prevalent diagnosis consisted in coronaries and mandibular fractures, in that order, associated mainly to training and combat activities. The most frequent maxillofacial injury within the Armed Forces personnel is the mandibular fracture, and in relation with dentoalveolar injuries is the coronary fracture. Regarding the etiology, gunshot wounds, explosives and car accidents are featured affecting mainly between 18 to 30 years old army personnel. It's relevant to highlight that the scientific papers included in this revision about the association between dentoalveolar and maxillofacial injuries are poor and not updated. Further research is needed in this issue.

Effect of Physical Activity Intervention on Physical Activity, Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, Blood Lipid and Fasting Blood Sugar Among Overweight and Obese Military Personnel

Abstract@#Introduction: About 18% of Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) personnel are diagnosed with either hypertension, diabetes or coronary artery disease, while another 8% are obese. The rising prevalence necessitates intervention. Methods: This is a single blinded randomized controlled trial among overweight and obese MAF personnel attending medical checkup in MAF hospital in Kuala Lumpur. An intervention module was developed to increase their physical activity level. Short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity in metabolic equivalent of task score (METs score), while blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), blood lipid profile and fasting blood sugar measurements were also obtained. These parameters were measured at baseline and again at 6 months. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) statistical test were applied to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results: Response rate was 100%. Most of participants were aged above 40 years, male, from Malay ethnic group, completed secondary education and had monthly income above RM 4000. Most of the respondents were obese and had moderate level of physical activity at baseline. All variables compared between groups at baseline showed no significant difference. At six months, after controlling for covariates, the significant difference was only in METs score. The odds of having high METs score in the intervention group after receiving intervention was nearly 3 times higher than those in the control group, after adjusting for interaction between time and group as well as other covariates (AOR = 2.908, 95% CI 1.323 – 6.391, P=0.008). Conclusion: Intervention was effective in increasing physical activity among overweight and obese military personnel.

Research progress in hemorrhage control products of U.S.army / 中华创伤杂志

From Vietnam War to Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom,hemorrhage remains the leading cause of combat death.The U.S.army has made great strides in research and development of hemorrhage control products and various tourniquets and hemostatic dressings have been fielded on the battlefield.This paper introduces current status of hemostatic products and hemorrhage control products.Currently,there are extremity tourniquets and junctional tourniquets.The hemostatic products include HemCon bandages,QuciClot granular and gauze,Celox gauze,XStat,etc.Meanwhile,the author summarizes three development trends of US military hemostatic products,ie,prehospital application of tourniquets,emphasis on hemorrhage control in junctional regions,and gauze hemostatic adjuncts preference.This review offers materials for fully understanding war wound treatment of U.S.army.

La política de discapacidad del sector seguridad y defensa en Colombia: una mirada desde los derechos fundamentales / The Policy on Disability in the Colombian Defense and Security Sector: A View Based on Fundamental Rights / A Política de Deficiência do Setor Segurança e Defesa na Colômbia: Um Olhar desde os Direitos Fundamentais

Resumen Introducción: La política de discapacidad del sector seguridad y defensa en Colombia tiene como objetivo la implementación del Sistema de Gestión del Riesgo y Rehabilitación Integral (SGRRI) para articular las acciones de los diferentes actores implicados en el sistema. Este artículo reflexiona sobre la construcción e implementación de esta política como un instrumento para avanzar hacia la inclusión social y garantizar el goce de los derechos fundamentales de las personas de la fuerza pública con discapacidad (PcD). Desarrollo: En Colombia la visión y manejo de la discapacidad se ha transformado a partir de la Constitución Política de 1991. El Ministerio de Defensa Nacional (MDN) no ha sido ajeno a estos cambios y actualmente implementa la política de discapacidad para la fuerza pública, que es una iniciativa destacable en el contexto de América Latina. Dicha política, si bien tiene su fundamento en el modelo social, presenta limitaciones en su implementación para la garantía de los derechos humanos, lo cual implica avanzar hacia un esfuerzo articulador que permita la plena inclusión de este colectivo. Conclusiones: La política de discapacidad del sector seguridad y defensa ha sido un instrumento para avanzar hacia la inclusión social y el goce de los derechos fundamentales de las PcD de la fuerza pública. A pesar de las limitaciones, se evidencia un esfuerzo por garantizar el pleno goce de derechos como la salud, la educación, el empleo y la participación en política, entre otros, cuyo primer resultado es la implementación del SGRRI.

Abstract Introduction : The aim of disability policy in the Colombian defense and security sector is to implement the Risk Management and Integral Rehabilitation System (SGRRI for its initials in Spanish) and to coordinate the actions of the different actors involved. This article reflects on the construction and implementation of the policy as an instrument to advance social inclusion and to guarantee disabled veterans' enjoyment of human rights. Development: The vision on disability in Colombia has changed profoundly since the adoption of the 1991 Constitution. The Ministry of Defense has not been immune from these changes, and the Armed Forces' disability policy being implemented today is a remarkable initiative in the Latin American context. The policy is grounded in a social model, and while incomplete in its implementation, its goal is to guarantee human rights and promote the social inclusion of its target cohort. Conclusion: The disability policy of the Colombian defense and security sector has been an instrument for promoting social inclusion and the enjoyment of human rights by disabled veterans. Progress has been made despite current limitations to the full enjoyment of elemental rights including health, education, work, and political participation. It is clear that the effort of Ministry of Defense has produced its first results with the implementation of the policy made visible through the work of the SGRRI.

Resumo Introdução: A política de deficiência do setor segurança e defesa na Colômbia tem como objetivo a implementação do Sistema de Gestão do Risco e Reabilitação Integral (SGRRI) para articular as ações dos diferentes atores implicados nele. Este artigo reflete sobre a construção e implantação desta política, como instrumento para avançar à inclusão social e garantir o gozo dos direitos fundamentais das pessoas com deficiência (PcD) da Força Pública. Desenvolvimento: Na colômbia a visão e gestão da deficiência se tem transformado a partir da Constituição Política de 1991. O Ministério de Defesa Nacional (MDN) não tem sido alheio a estas mudanças e atualmente implementa a política de deficiência para a Força Pública, que é uma iniciativa destacável no contexto da América Latina. Dita política, se bem tem o seu fundamento no modelo social, apresenta limitações na sua implementação para a garantia dos Direitos Humanos, o qual implica avançar a um esforço articulador que permita a plena inclusão deste coletivo. Conclusões: A política de deficiência do setor segurança e defesa tem sido um instrumento para avançar à inclusão social e o gozo dos direitos fundamentais das pessoas com deficiência da Força Pública. Apesar das limitações, evidencia-se um esforço para garantir o gozo pleno de direitos como a saúde, a educação, o emprego e a participação em política, entre outros, e exemplo disso é a implementação da política mediante a articulação do SGRRI.

Analysis of cooperation networks in American military medical research institutes / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To reveal the cooperation between American military medical research institutes by analyzing the scientific research cooperation networks in order to provide reference for domestic military medical research and its cooperation. Methods A co-occurrence matrix of high frequency research institutes was established by identif-ying the data using literature data analyzing tool TDA and analyzed by visualized tool Ucinet. Results The densely distributed academic cooperation networks in American military medical research institutes were characterized by small world properties and rapid internal knowledge flow with neither absolute knowledge barrier nor knowledge mo-nopolies. The number of co-authorship papers published by military medical research institutes was rather large and tended to increase year by year. The small size research institutes preferred to cooperate between each other. American military medical research institutes did not arbitrarily cooperate with high level research institutes and u-sually cooperated with the same kind of research institutes, including military medical universities, first class uni-versities, and top enterprises. Geo-factor was the most important factor for cooperation in research. Conclusion Frontier basic research, applied basic research, applied military and civilian research should encourage the exten-sive cooperation between military research institutes and excellent civilian research institutes by making full use of the geo-advantages of military medical research institutes. Administrative order and policies should be taken to pro-mote cooperation in military applied research field.

Analysis of cooperation networks in American military medical research institutes / 中华医学图书情报杂志

Objective To reveal the cooperation between American military medical research institutes by analyzing the scientific research cooperation networks in order to provide reference for domestic military medical research and its cooperation. Methods A co-occurrence matrix of high frequency research institutes was established by identif-ying the data using literature data analyzing tool TDA and analyzed by visualized tool Ucinet. Results The densely distributed academic cooperation networks in American military medical research institutes were characterized by small world properties and rapid internal knowledge flow with neither absolute knowledge barrier nor knowledge mo-nopolies. The number of co-authorship papers published by military medical research institutes was rather large and tended to increase year by year. The small size research institutes preferred to cooperate between each other. American military medical research institutes did not arbitrarily cooperate with high level research institutes and u-sually cooperated with the same kind of research institutes, including military medical universities, first class uni-versities, and top enterprises. Geo-factor was the most important factor for cooperation in research. Conclusion Frontier basic research, applied basic research, applied military and civilian research should encourage the exten-sive cooperation between military research institutes and excellent civilian research institutes by making full use of the geo-advantages of military medical research institutes. Administrative order and policies should be taken to pro-mote cooperation in military applied research field.

Analysis of mild traumatic brain injury care in the U.S Armed Forces / 军事医学

During the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan,traumatic brain injury (TBI)has become the most prev-alent military injury that is described as the signature injuryof the current military operations.It usually causes no or mild external injury but results in serious long-lasting neuropsychiatric abnormalities,which have far-reaching impact on veterans,their families and the American society.Here we describeol the investment in TBI from the US government and the development in the diagnosis and treatment of mild TBI on the battlefield before putting forward some proposals for the Chinese army.

Comparative analysis of patents in military medical research institutions of the US Armed Forces / 军事医学

Patent literature is an important source of technological information.A comparative analysis of patents of military medical research institutions of the US Armed Forces in THOMSON INNOVATION patent database could reveal their research achievements and development,and provide inspiration and reference for the innovation and development of our military medical science.

System evaluation of health status and intervention in US Armed Forces / 军事医学

Objective To systematically evaluate the health status and intervention measures in the US Armed Forces, and to provide reference for the development of health promotion strategies in our army.Methods The PubMed, Medline, Springer, Elservier, HighWire and CNKI Database were searched electronically, with assigned search strategy for American military health status and intervention measures published from Jan.1997 to Dec.2015.Results There were 25 of pieces literature about training injury, low back pain, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and cardiovascular disease that were screened.Conclusion The main health problems facing the US Armed Forces and the focus of the intervention measures involved training injuries, low back pain, mental illness and cardiovascular disease.Protection of military health is shifting from the single disease prevention to diversified comprehensive maintenance in the new era.

Aeromedical research in the U.S.navy / 军事医学

Objective To analyze the statusquo of the United States Naval Aeromedical Research Development in order to explore the medical context for the development of the U .S.naval aviation .Methods The literatures published by NAMRL between 1975 and 2010 were collected and analyzed using TDA software .Results and Conclusion Naval Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory ( NAMRL ) research was fruitful, the quantity of annual research output was irregular, per capita author posting was not high ,and coauthor size was small .Posting information was oriented to internal and main scientific and technological journals while research focused on the aviation selection , physiological effects , cognition, visual function, physical training and standards , and other areas of radiation protection .Aviation medicine had distinct features.The results are of referential value for keeping track of the U .S.Navy aviation medicine.

The Ebola-countering Operations in Sierra Leone Between UK and China and their implications:a comparative analysis / 军事医学

The UK Ebola-countering Operation in Sierra Leone from September 2014 to November 2015 called Operation Gritrock and its countermeasures were briefly introduced , such as the national strategy , aero-maritime deployment , self medical support , base-oriented training and international cooperation .A comparative analysis was made of operations of the same type between the UK and China in terms of mission-orientation, command and control , deployment timeline , past experience, deployment routes, logistics and assistance effects.Four implications for China′s military function construction in future international disaster relief operations were also summarized at the strategic , operational and tactical levels .

Analysis of U.S.military health system reform / 军事医学

To curb the increase in health care costs and improve government efficiency , a series of structural and governance reforms for U.S.Military Health System(MHS) were implemented, which is the biggest structural organizational change in the MHS′s history.The reform focusing on the establishment of Defense Health Agency ( DHA) and enhancement of multi-service markets will achieve its goal by the end of 2015.This paper analyzes the major reasons for the reform and changes of the U.S.MHS before and after the reform and offer some tips for the reform of the Chinese Military Health System .

Development overview and suggestions of the US armed forces' medical electronic health record system / 医疗卫生装备

The development overview of the US armed forces' medical electronic health record system was described, including its emergence background, development process, block deployment, battlefield application, recent development and future trends, etc. Meantime, the related systems of the PLA were explained. Then, some suggestions on the development of the PLA health informatization were put forward, including emphasis on top-level design and overall planning, stepwise implementation and sequential advance, combined utilization during war and peacetime and integrated development, civil-military integration and technology outsourcing, etc.

Characteristics and model of the US military medical logistic supply and support / 军事医学

This review introduces the system, model, and method of the US ailitary medical logistic supply and support, analyzes the characteristics of the global sourcing and distribution, and highlights the information system development, cen-tral management, efficiency and effective improvement.By learning from the experience of the US Armed Forces, we can be helped to set up new systems and enhance the power of our military medical logistic support.

Development of medical simulation training in US Armed Forces and its implications / 军事医学

Medical simulation training of US Armed Forces has formed a research , development and organization system, with the DOD as the chief investor and the CSC as the center .The main research fields are Combat Casualty Training Consortium Initiative , Medical Practice Initiative , Patient Focused Initiative and the Developer Tools Initiative . This article analyzes the organizational system ,operation mode ,development of its technology and areas of focus of medical simulation〗training in U.S.Armed Forces using intelligence investigation and intelligence analysis .We can learn from the successful experience of U.S.Armed Forces and combine it with our actual needs in our own development of medical simulation training.

The U.S.military district health care model reform analysis / 军事医学

An integrated district health care model is an important field development .Since 2007, The US Armed Forces have been constructing district health care systems , integrating the medical resources in National Capital Region and San Antonio.The two new established district health care systems have been making military health care more effective while reducing costs and improving the quality of care to beneficiaries .

Development of the U.S. Armed Forces Forward Surgical Team and some implications / 军事医学

The U.S.Armed Forces Forward Surgical Team ( FST) was first used in the Gulf War , while Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom represented the largest military operations to date in which the FST has been utilized.The FST was an integral and major component of the Medical Brigade and provided support for echelon Ⅱmedical care.This paper describes the development of FST , investigates the roles, organization and training of FST and finally brings forward some enlightenment for health service development of Chinese PLA .

Characteristics of medical and health literature novelty assessment in institutions of armed forces, its problems and solutions / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The characteristics of medical and health literature novel assessment in institutions of armed forces were described from the secrecy of projects for literature novelty assessment , the limitations of consignee institution , and the non-profitability of literature novelty assessment agency .The major problems of medical and health literature novel assessment in institutions of armed forces were elaborated in terms of the literacy, instability, competency and knowledge limitation of literature novel assessment staff with suggestions put forward for their solution such as strengthening the construction of talent team, joint development and sharing of resources.