Aterosclerosis subclínica en trabajadores de una institución de salud / Subclinical atherosclerosis in health institution workers

Introducción: La aterosclerosis es la causa principal de enfermedad coronaria. Su presencia en la red vascular se manifiesta desde edades muy tempranas. Se asegura que está presente desde la vida intrauterina y se va haciendo cada vez mayor con el paso de los años, tanto por la acción del envejecimiento como por la presencia de otros factores que lo aceleran y perpetúan. La aterosclerosis subclínica es un término que debe ser usado para expresar que existe un grado de evidencia de lesión de la pared arterial sin expresión clínica. Objetivo: Identificar la presencia de aterosclerosis subclínica y su relación con factores de riesgo aterogénico. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal en trabajadores del Centro Internacional de Salud CIS La Pradera entre enero y diciembre de 2019. Resultados: Se detectó aterosclerosis subclínica en 129 pacientes (32,7 por ciento). Se asoció con la hipertensión, la diabetes mellitus, la dislipidemia y el hábito de fumar. Conclusiones: La enfermedad subclínica estuvo presente en los trabajadores de la salud, aparentemente sanos y jóvenes, que tuvieron al menos un factor de riesgo para la enfermedad aterosclerótica(AU)

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is the main cause of coronary disease. Its presence in the vascular network is shown from very early age. It is ensured that it is present from intrauterine life and becomes larger and larger over the years, both due to the action of aging and the presence of other factors that accelerate and perpetuate it. Subclinical atherosclerosis is a term that should be used to express that there is a degree of evidence of arterial wall injury without clinical appearance. Objective: To identify the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis and its relationship with atherogenic risk factors. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in workers of La Pradera International Health Center from January to December 2019. Results: Subclinical atherosclerosis was detected in 129 subjects (32.7 percent). It was associated with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and smoking. Conclusions: Subclinical disease was present in health workers, apparently healthy and young, who had at least one risk factor for atherosclerotic disease(AU)

Dislipidemia e hipertensão arterial. uma relação nefasta / Dyslipidemia and arterial hypertension. a harmful relation

A relação maléfica entre hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e dislipidemia torna-se explícita a partir da análise da progressão dessas comorbidades simultaneamente, agravando diretamente o risco cardiovascular. Se observa o aumento de espécies reativas do oxigênio gerando estresse oxidativo, a diminuição da biodisponibilidade de óxido nítrico promovendo disfunção endotelial, maior concentração de moléculas LDL oxidadas o que resulta na progressão de eventos ateroscleróticos. Somado a isto, se percebe que o tratamento em conjunto das duas doenças é mais eficaz quando comparado ao tratamento de cada uma delas isoladamente, demonstrando o efeito sinérgico do tratamento em conjunto. Concluindo então, que as comorbidades estão intimamente relacionadas e agravam o estado geral do paciente

The harmful relations systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) and dyslipidemia be comes explicit from the analysis of the progression of these comorbidities simultaneously, directly aggravating cardiovascular risk. There is an increase in reactive oxygen species generating oxidative stress, a decrease in the nitric oxide bioavailability promoting endothelial dysfunction, a higher concentration of oxidized LDL molecules which results in the progression of atherosclerotic events. In addition, it is clear that the joint treatment of the two diseases is more effective when compared to the treatment of each separately, demonstrating the synergistic effect of the joint treatment. In conclusion, then, that comorbidities are closely related and aggravate the patient's general condition

Identificación de Helicobacter pylori a partir de lesión aterosclerótica coronaria humana / Identification of Helicobacter pylori from human coronary aterosclerótica injury

Introducción:El principal mecanismo patogénico que subyace la génesis y desarrollo de enfermedades del sistema circulatorio es la aterosclerosis. Es un proceso patológico complejo y progresivo de la pared arterial que afecta especialmente a las arterias coronarias, cerebrales y periféricas.Actualmente se habla sobre "La hipótesis infecciosa de la aterosclerosis". La infección por Helicobacter pyloriha sido una de las más investigadas a nivel global. Objetivo:Identificar H. pyloria partir de lesiones ateroscleróticas de pacientes que acuden a los servicios de cirugía cardiovascular y angiología de la ciudad de Barranquilla.Métodos:Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal.En una muestra de 102 participantes.Los ateromas fueron tomados por personal experto en endarterectomía y disección de vasos sanguíneos. Los especímenes fueron embebidos en solución formaldehído al 4%.Se realizó extracción de ADN a partir de ateromas. El diagnóstico molecular de H. Pylorise realizó por PCR ANIDADA, evidenciando un fragmento de 120 pb posterior a la electroforesis en gel de agarosa al 3,5% en TBE 0,5X. Resultados:Se obtuvieron 102 muestras de ateromas. Una muestra resultó positiva para H. pylori(Muestra #14; 1/102).El tejido aterosclerótico fue obtenido a partir de arteria coronaria derecha. Conclusión: La hipótesis infecciosa de la aterosclerosis ha sido uno de los principales temas de investigación a nivel mundial en las últimas décadas. La infección por H. pylori es un factorde riesgo, sin embargo, varios estudios son necesarios para poder concluir de manera más precisa.

Introduction:The main pathogenic mechanism underlying the genesis and development of diseases of the circulatory system is atherosclerosis. It is a complex and progressive pathological process of the arterial wall that affects especially the coronary, cerebral and peripheral arteries. Currently, there is talk about "The infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis". Helicobacter pyloriinfection has been one of the most researched worldwide. Objective:To identify H. pylori from atherosclerotic lesions of patients who attend the cardiovascular and angiology services of the city of Barranquilla. Methods:A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out. In a sample of 102 participants. The atheromas were taken by expert personnel in endarterectomy and dissection of blood vessels. The specimens were embedded in 4% formaldehyde solution. DNA extraction was performed from atheromas. The molecular diagnosis of H. pyloriwas performed by ANIDADA PCR, evidencing a 120 bp fragment after electrophoresis in a 3.5% agarose gel in 0.5X TBE. Results:102 samples of atheromas were obtained. One sample was positive for H. pylori (Sample # 14, 1/102). The atherosclerotic tissue was obtained from the right coronary artery. Conclusion:The infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis has been one of the main research topics worldwide in recent decades. H. pyloriinfection is a risk factor, however, several studies are necessary to be able to conclude more accurately

A study to find the usefulness of carotid intima-media thickness in assessing the severity of coronary artery disease and its correlation with coronary angiogram

Introduction: CAD, which was once considered the disease of the west, is now one of the leading causes of death in middle-income countries like India. It has indeed reached epidemic proportion in India. CIMT measurement directly correlates with the pathology, parallels the significance of traditional risk factors and indicates the thickness of the arterial wall making it the preferred noninvasive technique for assessing atherosclerosis. Aim: To study the Usefulness of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in assessing the severity of Coronary Artery Disease and its correlation with Coronary Angiogram. Materials and methods: 75 patients diagnosed to have CAD in the previous one month and have undergone CAG have been included in the study. Patients were subjected to various symptom analysis, clinical examination, laboratory investigations and CIMT measurement by B mode ultrasound technique using a 10 MHZ probe. Patients were grouped into normal and increased CIMT groups with reference to 0.90 mm. The severity of disease was compared in terms of a nonobstructive CAD, SVD, DVD, TVD, and CAG severity was calculated by the modified Gensini score. The relation between IMT and severity of CAD was determined. Results: The modified Gensini levels in normal CIMT group were meaningfully less than increased CIMT group by 1.55 times with a mean difference of 11.31 points. The CAG findings with triple P. Thangaprajan, T.B. Umadevi. A study to find the usefulness of carotid intima-media thickness in assessing the severity of coronary artery disease and its correlation with coronary angiogram. IAIM, 2018; 5(10): 14-20. Page 15 vessel disease in normal CIMT group were only 16.33%, when compared to increased CIMT group where its occurrence is 53.85%. There was meaningfully a real increase in the risk of developing triple vessel disease with increased CIMT. The CAG findings in normal CIMT group was predominantly normal (34.69%) when compared to increased CIMT group where in it was triple vessel disease (53.85%) with a ‘p’ value of 0.0263. Conclusion: CIMT correlates significantly with the severity of coronary artery disease. CIMT > 0.90 mm correlates to advancing CAD. Hence CIMT is a useful atherosclerosis progression marker which when employed in an asymptomatic at-risk individual will definitely decrease disease morbidity if intervened appropriately

Clinical and Angiographic Characteristics Derived From Coronary Artery Computed Tomography in Patients With Ankylosing Spondylitis / 中国循环杂志

Objectives:To observe the clinical and coronary artery computed tomography(CT) characteristics of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Methods:Data from 33 consecutive patients with ankylosing spondylitis admitted due to chest discomfort in Fuwai Hospital from January 2014 to June 2017 were analyzed, 33 age and sex matched patients with no ankylosing spondylitis were selected as the control group. Coronary artery CT features was compared between the two groups. Results:Incidence of hypertension, smoking, diabetes and hyperlipidemia, BMI values were similar between the two groups. Blood lipid level (high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride and, total cholesterol), creatinine and uric acid values were also similar between the two groups. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) ([14.15±12.81]m/s vs [7.79±6.26]m/s, P=0.013) and high C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) ([6.88±5.65]ng/L vs [3.16±3.13]ng/L, P=0.002) values were significantly higher in ankylosing spondylitis group than in the control group. Percent of coronary artery stenosis (＞50%) was significantly higher in ankylosing spondylitis group than in the control group (23[69.7%] vs 14[42.4%], P=0.026). Coronary artery calcification was significantly higher in ankylosing spondylitis group than in the control group (22 [66.7%] vs 9[27.3%], P=0.001). Conclusions:Degree of coronary artery stenosis and calcification as well as inflammatory index (ESR and hs-CRP) are significantly higher in ankylosing spondylitis patients compared to control patients.

Indicating value of lower extremity atherosclerotic disease ultrasound screening for cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes patients / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To verify the indicating value of the simple screening of lower extremity atherosclerosis artery disease (LEAD) by lower extremity arterial ultrasound examination for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods·A total of 606 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled. Their clinical data and biochemical parameters (hepatorenal function, glycometabolism, tumor markers) were collected. All patients were undertaken lower extremity vascular ultrasound and CT angiography (CTA) scan for coronary artery disease. According to the results of lower extremity ultrasound, patients were divided into two groups, patients with LEAD group (n=318) and patients without LEAD group (n=288). According to the history of coronary CTA or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), the patients were divided into CAD group (n=280) and non-combined CAD group (n=326). The prevalence of CAD in different LEAD groups was compared and their relationship was analyzed. Results·The degree of LEAD was proportional to the prevalence of CAD. Both of the prevalences of CAD in group with arterial stenosis >50% (81%) and group with plaque and stenosis<50% (63%) were significantly higher than that in group without plaque (29%) (P=0.021,P=0.015, respectively). Spearman analysis found that age, sex, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LEAD, femoral artery intima-media thickness were positively correlated with CAD. However, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and glomerular filtration rate were negatively associated with CAD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of diabetes, existence of LEAD were independent associated factors of CAD. After adjusting the confounding factors, odds ratio risk analysis showed the risk increased 4.818 times in patients with LEAD (OR=5.818, 95% CI 2.627-12.888, P=0.000). Conclusion·The evaluation of LEAD by ultrasound has an indicating value for CAD in type 2 diabetes patients.

Correlation of ATP Binding Cassette Transporter A1 Gene Polymorphisms and Lower Extremity Athero-sclerotic Disease / 中国药师

Objective:To analyze the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP) of ATP binding cassette transporter A1 gene (ABCA1) and lower extremity atherosclerotic disease (LEAD). Methods: The clinical data and peripheral blood were col-lected from 630 participants (314 LEAD cases and 316 normal controls) in Han population of Minnan. The 9 SNP genotypes in the ABCA1 gene were detected by Sequenom MassArray. Results:Among the 9 SNP genotypes, rs2980083 was rejected because it wasn' t in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Obvious linkage disequilibrium was found between rs2066714 and rs2066715, rs1800976 and rs2246293, rs2246293 and rs2980083, and rs1800976 and rs2980083(D′>0. 9,r2 >1/3). There were no significant differences (P>0. 05) in 6 haplotypes of ABCA1 gene groups between the LEAD cases and the normal controls. No significant differ-ences (P>0. 05) were found in frequency distribution between the LEAD cases and the normal controls in 8 SNP according to the re-sults of genotype statistics. There was no onset risk of LEAD according to the gene logistic regression analysis. Conclusion:The SNPs of rs10124755, rs2980083, rs1800976, rs4149341, rs2066714, rs2066715, rs2066716, rs2230808 and rs2246293 might not correlate with the susceptibility of LEAD in Han population of Minnan.

Indicating value of lower extremity atherosclerotic disease ultrasound screening for cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes patients / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective·To verify the indicating value of the simple screening of lower extremity atherosclerosis artery disease (LEAD) by lower extremity arterial ultrasound examination for coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods·A total of 606 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled. Their clinical data and biochemical parameters (hepatorenal function, glycometabolism, tumor markers) were collected. All patients were undertaken lower extremity vascular ultrasound and CT angiography (CTA) scan for coronary artery disease. According to the results of lower extremity ultrasound, patients were divided into two groups, patients with LEAD group (n=318) and patients without LEAD group (n=288). According to the history of coronary CTA or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), the patients were divided into CAD group (n=280) and non-combined CAD group (n=326). The prevalence of CAD in different LEAD groups was compared and their relationship was analyzed. Results·The degree of LEAD was proportional to the prevalence of CAD. Both of the prevalences of CAD in group with arterial stenosis >50% (81%) and group with plaque and stenosis<50% (63%) were significantly higher than that in group without plaque (29%) (P=0.021,P=0.015, respectively). Spearman analysis found that age, sex, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LEAD, femoral artery intima-media thickness were positively correlated with CAD. However, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and glomerular filtration rate were negatively associated with CAD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of diabetes, existence of LEAD were independent associated factors of CAD. After adjusting the confounding factors, odds ratio risk analysis showed the risk increased 4.818 times in patients with LEAD (OR=5.818, 95% CI 2.627-12.888, P=0.000). Conclusion·The evaluation of LEAD by ultrasound has an indicating value for CAD in type 2 diabetes patients.

Effects of the polymorphisms in ABCG1 gene on the transcription activity and the susceptibility with coronary artery disease / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of the polymorphisms in the promoter of ATP binding cassette transporter (ABCG1) on the transcription activity,and the relationship of the polymorphisms with the susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD).Methods A case-control study was conducted,217 CADpatients and 142 controls were enrolled in this study.Thesingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of ABCG1 were identified by sequencing.The promoter haplotypes of ABCG1 were determined with allele specific primer sequencing or Gene cloning sequencing.The transcription activity of the promoter haplotypes were evaluated with dual luciferase reporter system.The frequency of SNPs and haplotypes were analyzed between CAD group and the control group,premature CAD and non-premature CAD group,as well as multivessel lesion and single vessel lesion group.The frequency distribution was compared between two groups with x2 test or Fisher exact test.The difference of the luciferase activity was compared between groups by t-test or one-way analysis of variance.Results Only 3 SNPs were found in ABCG1 promoter sequence of about 1 000 bp upstream of the transcription start site,which are-384 (A/G),-204 (A/C) and-134 (T/G),respectively.The 3 SNPs are in strong linkage disequilibrium,Tajima's D =2.655 (P ＜ 0.01),which constituted 3 haplotypes.There was no significant difference in SNPs and haplotype frequency between the CAD group and the normal control group,and the severity of vascular disease and the early onset of coronary heart disease were not associated with the polymorphisms in ABCG1 promoter.There was no significant difference in the transcriptional activity of the three constitutive promoter haplotypes,but the transcriptional activity was notably elevated as the GAT haplotype was mutated into GAG (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The 3 SNPs identified in ABCG1 promoter region A did not alter the promoter activity.There was no significant correlation between the frequency distribution of SNPs and promoter haplotypes and the susceptibility to CAD.

Association between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Low-er Extremity Atherosclerotic Disease / 中国药师

Objective:To analyze the association between gene single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNP) of methylenetetrahydrofo-late reductase ( MTHFR) gene and lower extremity atherosclerotic disease ( LEAD) . Methods:The clinical data and peripheral blood were collected from 384 participants (224 LEAD cases and 160 normal controls) from Han population of Minnan Fujian. LEAD was detected with ankle brachial index ( ABI) , toe brachial index ( TBI) , color Doppler ultrasonic examination and the other imaging stud-ies. The SNP genotypes including rs1801133, rs1801131, rs2274976, rs4846048, rs3737966, rs1537515, rs4846049, rs3834044, rs13306561 and rs3737964 in the MTHFR gene were detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight ( MALDI-TOF) . Results:The genotype distributions of the ten loci were in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were 37 obvi-ous linkage disequilibrium, including the association between rs4846048 and rs3737966 (D′>0. 9) and so on. There were significant differences (P=0. 02) in GCCTCGGAAT haplotypes of MTHFR gene groups between LEAD cases and the normal groups. The results from chi-square test of allele frequencies suggested rs1801131 (OR=1. 287),rs4846048 (OR=1. 844,P=0. 02), rs3737966(OR=1. 339),rs4846049 (OR=1. 314) and rs3737964 (OR=1. 522). Significant differences (P<0. 05) were observed between LEAD and the normal groups in Cochran- Armitage trend test and Dominant gene action test of rs4846048. Conclusion: The SNP of rs1801131,rs4846048,rs3737966,rs4846049 and rs3737964 might be associated with the susceptibility of LEAD,and rs4846048 gene mutation might serve as a risk factor for LEAD in the community-based population.

CORRELATIONAL STUDY BETWEEN HOMOCYSTEININ AND CORONARY ATHEROSCLE-ROTIC DISEASE ON THE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE / 现代医院

Objective To investigate correlational study on the levels of homocysteinin with the severity of coronary artery in patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease.Methods 60 patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease were enrolled in from Janu-ary 2013 to December 2014 in Beijiao hospital affiliated Southern medical university .All patients received coronary artery angiograph and the levels of circulating homocysteinin were determined.According to the levels of circulating homocysteinin, 60 patients were de-vided into coronary atherosclerotic disease group and coronary atherosclerotic disease group with hyperhomocysteinemia ( HHcy) .The levels of homocysteinin and the severity of coronary artery in patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease and correlation between the two group were analyzed.Results Compared with coronary atherosclerotic disease patients,the levels of homocysteinemia and Genisi score were increased in patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease with HHcy (p<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that the lev-els of homocystein is positively correlated with Genisi score (p<0.05).Conclusion HHcy is a important risk for coronary athero-sclerotic disease and positively related with the severity of coronary artery in patients with coronary atherosclerotic disease .

Perfil etiológico y estratificación del riesgo en pacientes con dolor torácico agudo / Etiologic profile and risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain

INTRODUCCIÓN: el dolor torácico agudo es la sensación álgida que se manifiesta en el tórax, entre el diafragma y la base del cuello; se destaca el extracardíaco, el cardíaco y los de origen no determinado; puede ser traumático o de otras causas. OBJETIVO: identificar el perfil etiológico y estratificación del riesgo de pacientes con dolor torácico agudo. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo longitudinal tipo serie de casos. Se estudió una muestra de 634 pacientes que acudieron a la consulta de cardiología del Hospital Militar Holguín con dolor torácico entre enero y diciembre de 2011. RESULTADOS: el dolor torácico tuvo una incidencia de 60 por cada 100 pacientes. Inicialmente pudieron identificarse el 59 % de los pacientes con dolor torácico coronario, y mediante el seguimiento clínico y estudios complementarios se pudo definir el resto de los casos que ascendió al 66 %. La escala de los factores de riesgo coronario (de 3 a 5 puntos) identificó el 93 %. Se determinó la etiología del dolor en 58 pacientes de los 115 con diagnóstico inicial del dolor de origen indeterminado; en el 13,9 % fue imposible determinarla. En la estratificación del riesgo, los pacientes con riesgo entre intermedio y alto para enfermedad aterosclerótica fueron los que presentaron dolor coronario para un 57,8 % y 27,6 % respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: la etiología del dolor en los pacientes con origen no determinado del dolor es coronaria. La incidencia de casos con dolor torácico agudo en el servicio de consulta externa es alta

INTRODUCTION: acute chest pain (ACP) is manifested by peak feeling in the chest, between the diaphragm and the base of the neck. This pain can be extracardiac, heart or undetermined origin; it can be traumatic or by other causes. OBJECTIVE: to identify the etiologic profile and risk stratification of patients with acute chest pain. METHODS: a longitudinal descriptive study was conducted on case. 634 patients were studied. They had chest pain and they attended the cardiology service at Holguin Military Hospital from January to December 2011. RESULTS: chest pain had an incidence of 60 per 100 patients. Initially 59 % were identified in patients with coronary chest pain, and the rest of the cases could be defined by clinical follow-up studies and amounted 66 %. The scale of the coronary risk factors (3 to 5 points) identified 93 %. The etiology of pain was determined in 58 out of 115 patients with an initial diagnosis of undetermined-origin pain; 13.9 % was impossible to determine. In risk stratification, patients with intermediate to high risk for atherosclerotic disease were those with coronary pain which represents 57.8 % and 27.6 % respectively. CONCLUSION: the etiology of pain with undetermined origin is coronary pain. The incidence of patients with acute chest pain in the outpatient service is high..

High-Resolution MRI of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease / 신경중재치료의학

Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) causes up to 10% of all ischemic strokes, and the rate of recurrent vascular ischemic events is very high. Important predictors of vulnerability in atherosclerotic plaques include the degree of stenosis and the underlying plaque morphology. Vascular wall MRI can provide information about wall structures and atherosclerotic plaque components. High-resolution (HR)-MRI in ICAD poses a greater challenge in the neurologic fields, because a high in-plane resolution and a high signal-to-noise ratio are required for vessel wall imaging of ICAD. Until now, plaque imaging of ICAD has focused on assessing the presence of a plaque and evaluating the plaque load. Going forward, evaluation of plaque vulnerability through analysis of imaging characteristics will be a critical area of research. This review introduces the acquisition protocol for HR-MRI in ICAD and the current issues associated with imaging.

Relationship of serum retinol binding protein 4 and cystatin C with lower extremity arterial disease in type 2diabetes mellitus / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

A total of 209 type 2 diabetic patients were divided into three groups:without,with mild to moderate,or severe diabetic lower extremity arterial disease based on the ankle brachial index value.60 healthy subjects were used as a control group.Retinol binding protein4 (RBP4),cystatin C,and biochemical parameters were determined in all subjects.The results showed that RBP4 and cystatin C levels were progressively raised with the increasing severity of lower extremity arterial disease in various groups,being significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with mild to moderate and severe arterial disease compared with control group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).RBP4 and cystatin C levels in groups with lower extremity arterial disease were significantly higher than those in the group without arterial disease (P＜0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that RBP4 level was positively correlated with total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein-cholesterol,fasting serum insulin,body mass index,cystatin C etc while negatively correlated with high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Logistic regression analysis showed that serum RBP4 and cystatin C were significantly associated with lower extremity arterial disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Effect of Shenqi Jiangtang Granule on atherosclerotic changes of lower extremities in patients with early type 2 diabetes mellitus / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of Shenqi Jiangtang granule (SJG) on atherosclerotic disease (LEAD) of lower extremity in patients with early type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The patients were randomly assigned to a control group and a treatment group. 30 patients in the treatment group were treated by SJG and 30 patients in the control group were given Cilostazo. Both groups were treated for 3 months. Lower extremity vascular color Doppler image, blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured before and after the treatment. Results The thickness of atherosclerosis (AS) plaque and arterial media were obviously reduced (t=3.376, 3.468, P<0.05) , serum levels of IL-6 were also be lowered obviously (t=3.345, P<0.05) in the treatment group. While these indexes remained unchanged in the control group. Conclusion SJG has remarkable action in reducing the thickness of AS plaque and media of artery. The mechanism might be related with its reducing serum IL-6 level.

Comparison of the Complications Arising After Superficial Temporal Artery-Middle Cerebral Artery Anastomosis in Adult Moyamoya Disease and Atherosclerotic Disease / 대한뇌혈관외과학회지

OBJECTIVE: To assess the results of superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis (SMA) in atherosclerotic disease (ASD) and in adult moyamoya disease (MMD) by comparing the complications that arise. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients with ASD or adult MMD treated by means of SMA, between December 2004 and December 2006, at our neurovascular center. During this period, we performed 115 SMAs on 108 patients: 61 on ASD patients (61 SMAs; the ASD group) and 47 on adult MMD patients (54 SMAs; the MMD group). RESULTS: We found a higher incidence of permanent neurological deficits (PNDs) and a lower incidence of transient neurological deficits (TNDs) in the MMD group than in the ASD group (p-value=0.047). Patients with a preoperative stroke (cerebral infarction/hemorrhage) history were more likely to develop postoperative PND than were the patients with a preoperative history of transient ischemic attack (TIA), in both the ASD (p-values=0.012 and 0.033, respectively) and MMD groups (p-values=0.000 and 0.015, respectively), regardless of overall patients (n=108) and single SMA group (n=62). Delayed seizure (seizure occurring > 1 month after SMA) occurred only in 8 MMD patients (8/47, 17.0%; p-value=0.003) out of all 108 patients and in 2 patients (2/10, 20%, p-value=0.014) out of the single SMA group. CONCLUSION: Regardless of whether the diagnosis is ASD or MMD, patients with TIA preoperatively seem more prone to develop postoperative TND, and patients with a stroke history seem more prone to develop PND in both ASD and MMD groups. However, MMD patients appear more likely to experience a delayed seizure attack after SMA than ASD patients are.

Fatores de risco cardiovascular em pacientes com doença aterosclerótica não coronariana em hospital no Sul do Brasil: estudo caso-controle / Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with noncoronary atherosclerotic disease in a hospital in South Brazil: control-case study

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: As doenças cardiovasculares são as principais causas de mortalidade no Brasil. É um distúrbio difuso, sendo as suas principais formas: doença arterial coronariana, acidente vascular encefálico e doença arterial periférica. A apresentação dessas doenças está relacionada diretamente ao número e intensidade de fatores de risco, sendo o conhecimento desses fatores a principal forma de prevenção. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os seus principais fatores de risco. MÉTODO: Realizou-se um estudo caso-controle pareado por sexo e idade (± 5 anos), na proporção de 1:1, com 46 pacientes diagnosticados com acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico e 50 pacientes com doença vascular periférica, internados no Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, na cidade de Tubarão, SC, no período de novembro de 2006 a abril de 2007. RESULTADOS: Os fatores de riscos identificados em ordem decrescente de força de associação foram: hipertensão arterial (OR = 4,00; p < 0,0001), antecedente familiar precoce para doença aterosclerótica (OR = 3,73; p = 0,0001), depressão (OR = 3,23; p = 0,0001), relato de diabetes mellitus (OR = 3,09; p < 0,001). Outros fatores que apresentaram associação inversa com o desenvolvimento de doença aterosclerótica não coronariana foram: consumo regular de frutas (OR = 0,43; p = 0,03), verdura (OR = 0,34; p = 0,01), atividade física regular (OR = 0,33; p = 0,01) e atividade de lazer regular (OR = 0,28; p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Hipertensão arterial foi o fator de risco mais importante, seguido de história familiar precoce de doença cardiovascular, diabetes e depressão. Consumo de frutas e verduras, atividade física e lazer regular foram associados à redução do risco de doença aterosclerótica não coronariana.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease. The presentations of these diseases are linked directly to the number and intensity of the risk factors, therefore the knowledge of these is the main form of prevention. This study analyzed the maile risk factors. METHODS: A case-control study pared by sex and age (± 5 years), in a 1:1 proportion with 46 patients diagnosed with ischemic cerebrovascular stroke, and 50 with peripheral vascular disease, admitted in the Nossa Senhora da Conceição Hospital, in the city of Tubarão, SC, between the period of November of 2006 to April of 2007. RESULTS: The risk factors analyzed in decreasing order of strength were: arterial hypertension (OR = 4.00; p < 0.0001), early family history of risk for coronary atherosclerotic disease (OR = 3.73; p = 0.0001), depression (OR = 3.23; p = 0.0001), and diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.09; p < 0,001). Other factors such as: regular fruit ingest (OR = 0.43; p = 0.03), regular vegetable ingest (OR = 0.34; p = 0.01), regular physical activity (OR = 0.33; p = 0.01), and regular leisure activity (OR = 0.28; p < 0.001), showed an inverse association with the development of the noncoronary atherosclerotic disease. CONCLUSION: Arterial hypertension was the most important risk factor, followed by early family history of coronary atherosclerotic disease, diabetes mellitus, and depression. Ingest of fruits and vegetables, regular physical activity and, regular leisure activity were associated with a reduction in the risk of noncoronary atherosclerotic disease.

Effect of Shenqi Jiangtang Keli on Atherosclerotic Changes of Lower Extremities in Patients with Early Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of Shenqi Jiangtang Keli (SJK) on atherosclerotic disease (LEAD) of lower extremity in patients with early type 2 diabetes meliitus (T2DM). Methods The patients were randomly assigned to a control group and a treatment group. The 30 patients in the treatment group were treated by SJK and the 30 in the control group were given Cilostazo, with both groups were treated for 3 months. Lower extremity vascular color Doppler image, blood levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured before and after the treatment,. Results The thickness of atherosclerosis (AS) plaque and arterial intimamedia were obviously reduced (t=3.376, 3.468, P< 0.05 ), serum levels of IL-6 were also be lowered obviously (t=3.345, P<0.05) in the treatment group. While these indexes remained unchanged in the control group. Conclusion SJK has remarkable action in reducing the thickness of AS plaque and intima-media of artery. Its mechanism might be related with reducing serum IL-6 level.

Advances of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Cardiology(review) / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) is a mesenchyme-derived pleiotropic factor which regulates cell growth,cell motility,and morphogenesis of various types of cells,and is thus considered a humoral mediator of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions responsible for angiogenesis,apoptosis and oxidative stress,etc.This article reviewed the relationships between HGF and cardiovascular diseases.