ABSTRACT
RESUMO: A produção de celulose Kraft está associada à emissão de poluentes que causam danos ao ambiente, ao patrimônio e à saúde humana. O objetivo do trabalho consiste em estimar a concentração dos poluentes atmosféricos em um raio de 10 km em torno de uma grande fonte emissora, comparar as concentrações simuladas com normas nacionais e com limites específicos com algum efeito a saúde, além de avaliar o comportamento dos poluentes por análise dos mapas de dispersão. As concentrações foram estimadas pelo modelo de dispersão atmosférica Aermod para o ano de 2012. As concentrações máximas estimadas pelo modelo foram: 11,62 µg.m-3 (24 h) e 2,06 µg.m-3 (1 ano) para o material particulado inalável; 2,59 µg.m-3 (1 h) e 0,27 µg.m-3 (24 h) para os compostos reduzidos de enxofre; 0,47 µg.m-3 (24 h) e 0,09 µg.m-3 (1 ano) para o óxido de enxofre; 189,36 µg.m-3 (1 h) e 5,83 µg.m-3 (1 ano) para o óxido de nitrogênio; 13,26 µg.m-3 (8 h) e 5,63 µg.m-3 (24 h) para o monóxido de carbono. Não houve violação dos valores estabelecidos na Resolução CONAMA n° 003/1990, da Agência de Proteção Ambiental dos Estados Unidos (1979) e dos valores que causam algum efeito a saúde.
ABSTRACT: The Kraft pulp production is associated with the emission of harmful air pollutants that cause impacts in the environment, property and human health. This study aimed to quantify the concentration of air pollutants in a radius of 10 km around a large emission source, to compare simulated concentrations according to the national standards and the specific limits with some health effect, as well as to evaluate the behaviour of pollutants by analysis of dispersion maps. The pollutant concentrations were estimated by the use of Aermod atmospheric dipersion model for the year 2012. Peak concentrations estimated by the model were: 11.62 µg.m-3 (24 h) and 2.06 µg.m-3 (1 year) for respirable particulate matter; 2.59 µg.m-3 (1 h) and 0.27 µg.m3 (24 h) for reduced sulfur compounds; 0.47 µg.m-3 (24 h) and 0.09 µg.m-3 (1 year) for sulfur oxides; 189.36 µg.m-3 (1 h) and 5.83 µg.m-3 (1 year) for nitrogen oxide; 13.26 µg.m-3 (8 h) and 5.63 µg.m-3 (24 h) for carbon monoxide. There was no violation in the amounts established by the CONAMA Resolution n° 003/1990, United State Environmental Protection Agency (1979) and the values which can cause some health effect.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop the software for the assessment of radionuclide concentration and doses from atmospheric dispersion. Methods Based on procedures for radionuclide atmospheric dispersion and dose assessment in IAEA publications (safety series reports No. 19), a parameter database was constructed using Microsoft Access, and the dispersion model and dose assessment methods were computerized using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, then we got the dose assessment software for radionuclide atmospheric dispersion. Results Atmospheric radionuclide concentration and public effective dose in a year could be estimated rapidly with the present software. Conclusion The present software provides a practical and rapid tool for evaluation and assessment the influence of radionuclide atmospheric dispersion, which can be used in the evaluation of atmospheric radionuclide concentration in routine monitoring or nuclides/radiological emergency, and also can be used as the screening evaluation in environmental surveillance.