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1.
Pediátr. Panamá ; 46(2): 105-111, agosto-septiembre 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-848344

ABSTRACT

Resumen Los Trastornos del Espectro del Autismo (TEA) son trastornos del neurodesarrollo que se caracterizan por compromiso en la integración social y la comunicación, asociado a intereses restringidos y conductas estereotipadas. Un alto porcentaje de casos presentan compromiso del lenguaje, disfunciones sensoriales, trastornos por déficit de atención, bipolaridad, discapacidad intelectual y epilepsia, entre otras condiciones o comorbilidades. Si bien es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo de expresión temprana, se estima que hasta un 30 % de niños con autismo, con un desarrollo típico inicial, pueden presentar una regresión en los primeros años de vida, con pérdida del lenguaje, la intensión comunicativa y desarrollo de conductas estereotipadas. Es esencial estar atentos ante cualquier cuadro de regresión autista, ya que si bien, un 30 % de los niños con TEA presentan regresión y pérdida de pautas, no debe interpretarse como una manifestación habitual inespecífica. La regresión es una manifestación importante poco entendida que puede tener una etiología genética y / o adquirida. Muchas veces esa regresión o pérdida de habilidades sociales, comunicativas y motoras es brusca. Frente a estos cuadros es esencial identi car la posible etiología, dado que en algunos casos, un tratamiento adecuado modifica la evolución y permitir la recuperación total del niño. Si bien las entidades pueden ser variadas, en este trabajo se analizará cuadros de regresión autista aguda relacionados a epilepsia, fenómenos autoinmunes y tóxicos.


Abstract Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are neurodevelopmental disorders manifested by an inappropriate social integration and communication and restricted interests and stereotyped behaviors. A high percentage of cases have language impairment, sensory dysfunctions, attention deficit disorders, bipolarity, intellectual disability and epilepsy, among other conditions or comorbidities. Although it is considered an early neurodevelopmental disorder, it is estimated that up to 30% of children with ASD, with a typical initial development, may present a regression in the first years of life with loss of language, communication purpose and development of stereotyped behaviors. It is essential to be alert to any autistic regression, since, although 30% of children with ASD present regression and loss of patterns, it should not be interpreted as an expected nonspecific manifestation. Regression is an important and poorly understood manifestation that may have a genetic and / or acquired etiology. Most of the time the regression or loss of social, communicative and motor skills is abrupt. It is essential to identify the possible etiology, since in some cases; adequate treatment modifies the evolution and allows the child to recover completely. Although the entities can be varied, in this revision I will analyze acute autistic regression related to epilepsy, autoimmune and toxic phenomena.


Subject(s)
Child , Autistic Disorder , Epilepsy
2.
J. epilepsy clin. neurophysiol ; 14(1): 33-37, Mar. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-484971

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Estima-se que um terço dos casos de pacientes com espectro autista vai apresentar ao menos uma crise epiléptica até a adolescência. Esta associação entre transtornos invasivos do desenvolvimento e epilepsia vem sendo amplamente estudada, mas ainda com inúmeros questionamentos sem resposta na literatura. OBJETIVO: Os autores apresentam o caso de uma criança, com quadro de Transtorno Invasivo do Desenvolvimento - espectro autista - e epilepsia de difícil controle submetida à cirurgia, revisando aspectos fundamentais desta associação. CONCLUSÃO: A partir do caso em questão e de estudos existentes, é pertinente questionar quais são os indícios que nos fazem acreditar que crises epilépticas recorrentes ou uma atividade elétrica anormal sejam responsáveis por alterações cognitivas, de linguagem ou de conduta e qual o tratamento ideal para estas crianças nas quais co-existem os dois diagnósticos.


INTRODUCTION: Some reports have indicated that one third of children with autistic spectrum disorder will present at least one seizure untill early adolescence. The association between autism and epilepsy is recognized but remains unresolved and poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: The authors present a child with autistic spectrum disorder and infantile spasms in the first year of life who underwent resective surgery for intractable epilepsy and discuss aspects of this relationship. CONCLUSION: Despite a growing number of studies involving autism and epilepsy we must point out how is the evidence that recurrent seizures or abnormal electrical activity can cause cognitive, language or behavioral abnormalities and what is the ideal treatment for these children in whom a neurodevelopmental disorder coexists with epilepsy.


Subject(s)
Child , Autistic Disorder , Spasms, Infantile , Epilepsy
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