ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the efficacy of different numbers of microhaplotype (MH) loci and the introduction of different reference samples on the identification of full sibling, half sibling and differentiation between full sibling and half sibling kinships, and to explore the effect of changing mutation rate on sibling testing.@*METHODS@#First, a family map involving three generations was established, and four full sibling identification models, five half sibling identification models and five models distinguishing full and half siblings were constructed for different reference samples introduced. Based on the results of the previous study, two sets of nonbinary SNP-MH containing 34 and 54 loci were selected. Based on the above MH loci, 100 000 pairs of full sibling vs. unrelated individuals, 100 000 pairs of half sibling vs. unrelated individuals and 100 000 pairs of full sibling vs. half sibling were simulated based on the corresponding sibling kinship testing models, and the efficacy of each sibling kinship testing model was analyzed by the likelihood ratio algorithm under different thresholds. The mutant rate of 54 MH loci was changed to analyze the effect of mutation rate on sibling identification.@*RESULTS@#In the same relationship testing model, the systematic efficacy of sibling testing was positively correlated with the number of MH loci detected. With the same number of MH loci, the efficacy of full sibling testing was better than that of uncle or grandfather when the reference sample introduced was a full sibling of A, but there was no significant difference in the identification efficacy of the four reference samples introduced for full sibling and half sibling differentiation testing. In addition, the mutation rate had a slight effect on the efficacy of sibling kinship testing.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Increasing the number of MH loci and introducing reference samples of known relatives can increase the efficacy of full sibling testing, half sibling testing, and differentiation between full and half sibling kinships. The level of mutation rate in sibling testing by likelihood ratio method has a slight but insignificant effect on the efficacy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Siblings , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide , DNA Fingerprinting/methodsABSTRACT
La función ovárica depende de la expresión de múltiples genes, por lo que las anomalías del cromosoma X y los autosomas revisten gran importancia en la etiología de la insuficiencia ovárica primaria (IOP). Las translocaciones de autosomas en mujeres con IOP son muy raras y solo se han detectado tres casos: dos translocaciones entre los cromosomas 2 y 15 en dos mujeres con cariotipo 46, XX, t (2, 15) (q32.3, q13.3)2; una translocación entre los cromosomas 13 y 14 en una mujer con cariotipo 45, XX, t (13; 14)3; por lo que nuestro caso sería el cuarto reporte de mujeres con translocaciones de autosomas e IOP.
Ovarian function depends on the expression of multiple genes, so Xchromosome abnormalities and autosomes are of great importance in the etiology of primary ovarian insufficiency (IOP). Autosomal translocations in women with IOP are very rare and only three cases have been detected: two translocations between chromosomes 2 and 15 in two women with karyotype 46, XX, t (2, 15) (q32.3, q13.3)2; a translocation between chromosomes 13 and 14 in a woman with karyotype 45, XX, t (13; 14)3 , so our case would be the fourth report of women with autosomal translocations and IOP.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Chromosome Aberrations , Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/genetics , Amenorrhea/genetics , Translocation, Genetic , KaryotypeABSTRACT
The South Asian populations have a mosaic of ancestries likely due to the interactions of long-term populations of the landmassand those of East and West Eurasia. Apart from prehistoric dispersals, there are some known population movements to India. Inthis study, we focussed on the migration of Jewish and Parsi populations on temporal and spatial scales. The existence of Jewishand Parsi communities in India are recorded since ancient times. However, due to the lack of high-resolution genetic data, theirorigin and affiliation with other Indian and non-Indian populations remains shrouded in legends. Earlier genetic studies onpopulations of Indian Jews have found evidence for a minor shared ancestry of Indian Jews with Middle Eastern (Jews)populations, whereas for Parsis, the Iranian link was proposed. Recently, in our high-resolution study, we were able to quantifythe admixture dynamics of these groups, which has suggested a male-biased admixture. Here, we added the newly availableancient samples and revisited the interplay of genes and cultures. Thus, in this study we reconstructed a broad genetic profile ofIndian Jews and Parsis to paint a fine-grained picture of these ethnic groups.