ABSTRACT
An efficient low cost procedure for in vitro propagation of Chrysanthemum morifolium has been developed with subsequent assessment of antibacterial property of in vitro raised plantlets. Optimal axillary shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium supplemented with low concentration of BAP. Psyillium husk and market sugar were standardized as suitable alternatives to the conventionally used agar and sucrose, cutting down the production cost of tissue culture raised plantlets to over six times. Optimal in vitro rooting was obtained on half strength MS medium containing IBA. Regenerated plantlets with well developed shoots and roots were acclimatized successfully and transferred to field conditions where they flowered. The leaves of ex vitro growing tissue culture raised plantlets were later assessed for activity against bacterial pathogens. The present protocol ensures minimal cost input in large scale production of a commercially important ornamental plant and opens up scope of scientific interventions directed at its allied therapeutic usage. Abbreviations: MS: Murashige and Skoog (1962); HgCl2 : Mercuric chloride; PGR: Plant growth regulator, TCR: tissue culture raised; BAP: 6, Benzylaminopurine; NAA: α-Naphthalene Acetic Acid; IBA: Indole-3 butyric acid; IAA: Indole-3 acetic acid; min: minutes; ***:significant at 99.9%.
ABSTRACT
Background: Haploid plant material is considered as recalcitrant to organogenesis, propagation, and maintenance in vitro. However, sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) breeders utilizing doubled haploid (DH) technology in their breeding programs indicate that sugar beet haploids may be cultured in vitro as well as diploids. Thus in this paper the in vitro performance of haploid and the doubled haploid sugar beet of various origin was evaluated. The DHs were derived from haploids by diploidization and twelve such haploid and corresponding DH clone pairs were obtained thus the comparison included haploid and DH clones that had identical allelic composition and differed only in their ploidy level. Results: The genotypes differed in shoot morphology and susceptibility to blackening during culture in vitro, but no significant differences were observed between the haploids and DHs. The micropropagation rate was, on average, higher for the haploids than DHs. Viability of the midrib and petiole explants after a 6-week culture was highly genotype dependent, but not affected by explant ploidy level. However, regeneration efficiency depended on both the genotype and ploidy level. The explants of several haploids regenerated more frequently and developed more adventitious shoots than the corresponding DHs thus overall efficiency was higher for haploids. Conclusions: The results obtained indicate that most of the haploids used in the comparison performed similar to or even better than DHs. This suggests that sugar beet haploid material can be successfully used not only for the production of DHs, but also maintained in vitro and utilized in projects requiring haploid tissues as the source material.