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Objective·To investigate changes of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients-derived bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMCs) in cells survival, cytokines expression as well as the effects of BMCs on the biological behaviors of megakaryocytes. Methods?·?BMCs were collected from 7 ITP patients and 5 normal controls (NC), and cultivated by the whole marrow adherent method. Surface markers and basal apoptosis rate of BMCs were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Proliferation of BMCs was assessed by CCK-8 method. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was used to stimulate differentiation of HEL cells. The induced HEL cells (inHEL) were divided into 3 groups: inHEL cultured alone (group a), inHEL co-cultured with BMCs derived from ITP patients (group b), inHEL co-cultured with BMCs derived from NC (group c). After 72 h incubation, the expression of cell surface proteins (CD41a, CD42b) and cell apoptosis rate were analyzed by FCM. The mRNA and proteins expression levels of cytokines IL6, IL11, TPO, SCF were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results?·?Compared with NC, BMCs from ITP patients grew progressively slowly (Day 4, P=0.039; Day 6, 10, P=0.009; Day 8, P=0.007), cell basal apoptosis rates were increased [AV+PI- (early apoptosis rate), P=0.036; AV+PI+(late apoptosis rate), P=0.003; AV+PI-/+(total apoptosis rate), P=0.004]. Compared with group a, the expression of CD41a in group c was much higher (P=0.000). The expression of CD41a in group b was higher than that in group a (P=0.015), but still much less than that in group c (P=0.000). Compared with group a, the early and total apoptosis rate in group b, c and the late apoptosis rate in group c were decreased obviously (all P=0.000), whereas there was no obvious change of the late apoptosis rate in group b. However, compared with group c, the late and total apoptosis rate in group b were significantly increased (both P=0.000). The expression levels of IL6, SCF mRNA and IL6 protein were significantly decreased in ITP BMCs (all P=0.000), but there was no obvious difference in the expression levels of IL11 and TPO between ITP BMCs and NC BMCs. Conclusion?·?BMCs from ITP patients show some defects in supporting megakaryocytic differentiation and survival under co-culture conditions, which mechanisms are related to the reduction of IL6 and SCF expression.
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Objective • To investigate changes of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) patients-derived bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMCs) in cells survival, cytokines expression as well as the effects of BMCs on the biological behaviors of megakaryocytes. Methods • BMCs were collected from 7 ITP patients and 5 normal controls (NC), and cultivated by the whole marrow adherent method. Surface markers and basal apoptosis rate of BMCs were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). Proliferation of BMCs was assessed by CCK-8 method. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) was used to stimulate differentiation of HEL cells. The induced HEL cells (inHEL) were divided into 3 groups: inHEL cultured alone (group a), inHEL co-cultured with BMCs derived from ITP patients (group b), inHEL co-cultured with BMCs derived from NC (group c). After 72 h incubation, the expression of cell surface proteins (CD41a, CD42b) and cell apoptosis rate were analyzed by FCM. The mRNA and proteins expression levels of cytokines IL6, IL11, TPO, SCF were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Results • Compared with NC, BMCs from ITP patients grew progressively slowly (Day 4, P=0.039; Day 6, 10, P=0.009; Day 8, P=0.007), cell basal apoptosis rates were increased [AV+PI- (early apoptosis rate), P=0.036; AV+PI+ (late apoptosis rate), P=0.003; AV+PI-/+ (total apoptosis rate), P=0.004]. Compared with group a, the expression of CD41a in group c was much higher (P=0.000). The expression of CD41a in group b was higher than that in group a (P=0.015), but still much less than that in group c (P=0.000). Compared with group a, the early and total apoptosis rate in group b, c and the late apoptosis rate in group c were decreased obviously (all P=0.000), whereas there was no obvious change of the late apoptosis rate in group b. However, compared with group c, the late and total apoptosis rate in group b were significantly increased (both P=0.000). The expression levels of IL6, SCF mRNA and IL6 protein were significantly decreased in ITP BMCs (all P=0.000), but there was no obvious difference in the expression levels of IL11 and TPO between ITP BMCs and NC BMCs. Conclusion • BMCs from ITP patients show some defects in supporting megakaryocytic differentiation and survival under co-culture conditions, which mechanisms are related to the reduction of IL6 and SCF expression.
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Objective To study effects of different types of high-impact exercises on the increment of bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) . Methods Thirty-nine male volunteers, including 13 hoopsters, 13 paratroopers, and 13 common college students as the control, were recruited and divided into two subgroups (subgroup 1:20-22 years old; subgroup 2:23-25 years old). Their BMDs and BMCs on calcaneus, first through fifth metatarsus, hip, and lumbar spine (L1-4) were evaluated. Results The BMC of calcaneus, the first and second metatarsals, total lumbar spine, and total hip in the hoopster group was significantly higher than that in the control group and paratrooper group. The hoopster group obtained statistically higher BMD at the lumbar spine, hip, and femoral neck than the other two groups. However, the BMCs and BMDs of the paratrooper group and control group had no significant differences at almost all measured anatomical locations. Conclusions BMC and BMD are not always in positive correlation with vertical ground reaction forces during normal exercises. Compared with parachuting training, playing basketball as a kind of variable load exercise can effectively increase BMC and BMD, and is more beneficial for reducing the risk of osteoporotic fracture.
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Vitamin K has been suggested to plays a role in bone metabolism. The objective of this study was to determine whether vitamin K2 supplementation is related to bone mineral density, bone formation markers, and bone resorption in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley female rats (body weight, 200 +/- 10 g) were divided into four groups: a sham group fed a control diet, a sham group fed a vitamin K2 supplemented diet, OVX fed a control diet, and OVX fed a vitamin K2 supplemented diet (3.5 mg vitamin K2/kg diet). All rats were fed the experimental diets for 6 weeks, and deionized water was provided ad libitum. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), osteocalcin, and urinary deoxypyridinoline crosslink values were measured as markers of bone formation and resorption. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content were measured in the spine and femur using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co., Madison, WI, USA). No significant differences in body weight gain, food intake, or food efficiency ratio were observed between the control and experimental groups. Serum ALP, osteocalcin, and urinary crosslink values were not significantly different between the vitamin K2 supplemented groups. No significant differences were observed for any of the variables in the sham group. Spine BMD values were significantly lower in the OVX than those in the sham groups. Spine and femur BMD per weight of vitamin K2 tended to be higher than the control diet group within the OVX group, but no significant differences were observed. In conclusion, dietary vitamin K2 supplementation may have a beneficial effect on spine and femur BMD in OVX rats. Further research is needed to understand the potential benefits of vitamin K2 on bone loss in OVX rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Rats , Alkaline Phosphatase , Amino Acids , Body Weight , Bone Density , Bone Resorption , Diet , Eating , Femur , Osteocalcin , Osteogenesis , Salicylamides , Spine , Vitamin K , Vitamin K 2 , Vitamins , WaterABSTRACT
@# ObjectiveTo investigate the association of γ-aminobutyric acid B2 receptor (GABABR2) gene polymorphism rs3750344 and bone mass (bone mass content, BMC, and bone mass density, BMD) in population of Chinese Hans lives in Jinan. Methods425 volunteers were recruited. BMC and BMD of all subjects were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Genotyping of polymorphism rs3750344 was conducted using Taqman assays. ResultsBMD and BMC increased with the copy of the C allele of rs3750344 in whole body. ConclusionThe C allele of GABABR2 rs3750344 increases the levers of BMD and BMC in Chinese Han population.
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The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to bone mineral contents (BMC) at os calcis of adolescents. The subjects were 604 students (327 boys and 277 girls) between 7th and 9th grade in Seoul, Korea. The mean age was 14.2 +/- 0.9 years. General characteristics were collected by a questionnaire, bone mineral contents (BMC) were measured in os calcis by Duel Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (PIXI, General Electronics, USA) and height and weight were measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis method (Inbody 4.0, Biospace Co. Ltd, Seoul, Korea). Mean BMC of os calsis were 2.241 g. Height (p < .0001), weight (p < .0001), BMC (p < .0001) of boys were higher than those of girls. Percent body fat of girls, however, was higher than that of boys (p < .0001). Anthropometric measurement, pocket money, sibling, experience of fracture, pubertal stage, intake of supplements, physical or outdoors activity, and eating habit had significant influence on BMC of boys. Anthropometric measurement, physical or outdoors activity, and eating habit had significant influence on BMC of girls. Multivariate regression with adjustment for sex and age showed that BMC was associated positively with height, BMI, frequency of regular activity, and intake of spinach or radish leaves (all p < 0.05), and negatively with percent body fat (p < .0001) and Korean traditional diet pattern (p = 0.01). On the basis of these results, it is recommended to develop nutrition education and physical activity program for adolescents to improve BMC and prevent osteoporosis.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Absorptiometry, Photon , Adipose Tissue , Bone Density , Diet , Eating , Electric Impedance , Electronics , Electrons , Korea , Motor Activity , Osteoporosis , Surveys and Questionnaires , Raphanus , Siblings , Spinacia oleraceaABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dietary caffeine supplementation on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in ovariectomized rats. Twenty eight female Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 210 +/- 5 g) were divided into two groups, ovariectomy (OVX) and Sham groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed control and control supplemented with caffeine diets (caffeine 0.03% diets). All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 6 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin) in spine and femur. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and osteocalcin and urinary DPD crosslinks value were measured as markers of bone formation and resorption. The results of this study indicate that body weight gain and food intake were higher in OVX groups than in Sham groups regardless of diets. There were no differences weight gain between the control and caffeine groups in both OVX and Sham groups. Within the OVX groups, serum Ca concentration was lower in rats fed caffeine than in rats fed the control diet. Serum ALP, osteocalcin, urinary Ca, and phosphate were not different in each group. Spine BMD, spine BMD/weight, and spine BMC/weight, femur BMD/weight and femur BMC/weight of ovariectomy groups were significantly lower than Sham groups. Within the OVX group, there were no differences in spine BMD and BMC and femur BMD and BMC. These results indicate that no significant differences in spine and femur BMD were found due to 0.03% caffeine intakes in diet in OVX rats for 6 weeks. No negative effect of caffeine in 0.03% diet on bone mineral density were found in the present study. Further investigation of the relation between caffeine and bone mineral density are warranted.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Rats , Alkaline Phosphatase , Body Weight , Bone Density , Caffeine , Diet , Eating , Femur , Osteocalcin , Osteogenesis , Ovariectomy , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Salicylamides , Spine , Water , Weight GainABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the relationship between bone mass(bone mass content,BMC;bone mass density,BMD) and waistline(WL) related obesity in Chinese Hans lives in Jinan.Methods 265 consecutively healthy volunteers were recruited in Jinan.BMC and BMD of all subjects were measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry.Obesity was defined as a WL ≥85 cm in men or ≥80 cm in women.Analysis of covariance(ACNOVA) and partial correlation were used.Results Partial analysis showed that there is a linearity positive correlation between bone mass and WL.After controlling for gender and age,correlation coefficients of WL with BMD in all over the body,extremities inferior,pars trunk,cervical rib,basin and backbone of Pearson were 0.296,0.306,0.340,0.368,0.381 and 0.260(P=0.000).Correlation coefficients of WL with BMC in all over the body,extremities inferior,pars trunk,cervical rib,basin and backbone were 0.337,0.391,0.327,0.358,0.302 and 0.269(P=0.000).ACNOVA showed that there is a significant difference of bone mass between obesity and non-obesity subjects after adjusted for age and gender.Conclusion There is a positive correlation between obesity and bone mass in Chinese Hans.
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This study was focused on whether or not isoflavones affect the increase in bone mineral density of growing females. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (60 +/- 5 g) were randomly assigned to two groups and provided control diets (control group) or isoflavone-supplemented diet (IF group, 57.8 mg isoflavones/100 g diet) for 9 weeks in growing female rats. Measurements of Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Bone Mineral Content (BMC) on the experimental animals were executed in the 3rd, 6th, 9th weeks. In result, there was no significant difference in spine BMD between the isoflavones supplemented group and the control group. But, the IF group tended to have higher BMD than the control group in between 3 and 9 experimental weeks, and the striking difference could be shown in the 6th week of feeding. In case of femur BMD, the effects of added isoflavones appeared in the 6th week of feeding, and it became intensified in the 9th week of feeding to the extent that the BMD in the IF group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). In conclusion, isoflavone supplementation increased spine BMD per weight in the 6th week of feeding, and affected the increase of femur BMD in the 9th week. The result of the experiment implies that it affects positively the formation of spine and femur BMD of growing female rats. The study also suggests that the effects of isoflavone on the pattern of BMD formation might differ from the parts of bones.
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Animals , Female , Humans , Rats , Bone Density , Diet , Femur , Isoflavones , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spine , Strikes, EmployeeABSTRACT
@#Objective To study the relationship between knee osteoarthritis progression and the ration of fat,lean,or bone mineral content(BMC).Methods 36 joints of knee with osteoarthritis in 31 women were divided into two groups according to the knee joint space,joint space narrowing group and non-narrowing group.The body mass index(BMI)was calculated.The X-ray(weight bearing)of knee joint was taken.The fat,lean,BMC and mass of leg were detected with the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA).Results There was no distinct difference between sides and age distribution for the tested groups(P>0.05).The BMI and fat/mass ratio of leg in the joint space narrowing group were obviously higher than that of the non-narrowing group(P<0.05),while the lean/mass ratio of leg in the joint space narrowing group was distinctly lower than that of the non-narrowing group(P<0.05).Conclusion The deterioration of the female knee osteoarthritis can be mainly attributed to the increase of the BMI and fat/mass ratio as well as the decrease of the lean/mass ratio of leg.
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A recent study reported that a diet rich in isoflavones is beneficial for bone formation in growing rats. It therefore seemed desirable to find out whether the beneficial effect of isoflavones in ovariectomized rats could also be reproduced with same amount of isoflavones which used for growing rats. To study the effect of isoflavones, an equal amount of isoflavones which used for growing rats, on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in ovariectmized rats were performed. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 210+/-5 g) were divided into two groups, ovariectomy and sham groups, which were each randomly divided into two subgroups that were fed casein and casein supplemented with isoflavones diets for 9 weeks after operation. All rats were fed on experimental diet and deionized water ad libitum for 9 weeks. Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) were measured using PIXImus (GE Lunar Co, Wisconsin) in spine and femur. Serum alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) and osteocalcin and urinary DPD crosslinks value were measured as markers of bone formation and resorption. The results of this study indicate that body weight gain and food intake were higher in ovariectomy groups than in sham groups regardless of diets. Serum Ca concentration was lower in ovariectomy groups than in SHAM groups. Serum ALP, osteocalcin, and crosslink value were increased in ovariectomy groups. Spine BMD/weight, femur BMD/weight, and femur BMC/weight of ovariectomy groups were significantly lower than SHAM groups after 9 weeks. However, isoflavones supplemented group in ovariectomy groups, serum ALP and osteocalcin concentrations, spine BMD/weight and spine BMC, femur BMD/weight and femur BMC/weight were significantly increased after 9 weeks. In conclusion, the beneficial effect of isoflavones on bone in ovareiectomized rats was shown on 9 weeks after feeding with an equal amount of isoflavones supplementation which used for growing rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Rats , Alkaline Phosphatase , Body Weight , Bone Density , Caseins , Diet , Eating , Femur , Isoflavones , Osteocalcin , Osteogenesis , Ovariectomy , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spine , WaterABSTRACT
Objective:To assess the proportion of genotypes of osteocalcin gene polymorphism, and to investigate if the polymorphism of osteocalcin gene is associated with BMD in Chinese premenarche girls. Methods: 152 healthy premenarche girls of Han ethic (9-11.5y) were recruited. BMD and BMC at the lumber spine (L1-L4), proximal femur, and total body were measured by DXA; PCR-RFLP was used to amplify the polymorphisms of the osteocalcin gene. Results:The proportion of genotype of OC gene polymorphism were 5.26% HH,, 36.84% Hh, and 58.90% hh, respectively. Significant differences were observed in BMD and BMC at the total body, and BMD at the L1-L4 lumber spine and femur neck among subjects with different genotypes (P
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To examine the relationship between sports activity and bone mass acquisition, we observed one-year changes in the bone mineral content and density (BMC and BMD) of weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing bone in 68 college women who had participated in various sports since the age of 18.5 years on average. Based on their sports experience, the subjects were divided into four groups: Group A: 18 students who have not had participated in any kind of sports activity since junior high school days ; Group B: 8 students who had participated in team sports at junior and senior high school, then stopped practicing after entering college ; Group C: 14 students who had participated in team sports since junior high school ; Group D: 28 rhythmic sports gymnasts. Whole-body and regional BMC in the head, trunk, arms and legs, and BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur were measured using an XR-26 DXA scanner. Height, weight and calcium intake were similar among the four groups, and during the experiment their values changed little. With regard to annual changes in BMC and BMD for weight-bearing regions: 1) In Group A, no signifi-cant increases were observed in any of the body regions; 2) In Groups B and C, only the lumbar spine showed a significant increase. Comparing the changes in BMD in these two groups, Group C showed a larger increase than Group B, although the value did not reach statistical significance ; 3) In Group D, significant increases in BMD for the lumbar spine and femoral neck and in BMC for the trunk and legs were found. The annual changes in BMD were significantly higher than Group A. As to annual changes in non-weight-bearing bones such as those in the head and arms, there were not significant differences among the groups. These data indicate that sports practice may affect changes in bone mass in weight-bearing regions in female college students. Furthermore, it is possible that the amount and quality of sports training may influence the peak bone mass and its timing.
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No abstract available.
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Humans , Infant, Newborn , Absorptiometry, Photon , Bone DensityABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the association of calcium intake with bone mass in premenarche girls. Method: Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) at the whole body, lumbar spine (L1-L4) and left hip of 194 premenarche girls (10?1 years old) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Dietary calcium intakes were assessed by food frequency questionnaire and 3d weighed diet records. Results: Statistically significant positive correlations between daily calcium intake and bone bone mineral density (BMD) were or bone mineral content (BMC) at all studied bone sites were found (P