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1.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 40(1): 61-66, Jan.-Mar. 2020. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1090837

ABSTRACT

Abstract Rationale: Disuse colitis is frequent in our country and the most effective treatment is high cost and there is a need for effective and low cost therapy. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Baccharis dracunculifolia (field rosemary) in the treatment of exclusion colitis in rats. Method: Eighteen Wistar rats were anesthetized and submitted to colostomy; they were then distributed into two groups: Control Group, receiving intrarectal saline infusion (n = 8) and Group BD receiving intrarectal infusion ofBaccharis dracunculifolia extract (n = 10); after 21 days of treatment they were euthanized, the intestinal segment excluded from intestinal transit was resected and submitted to histopathological study, classifying the degree of inflammation and degree of vascular congestion from 0 to 3. Results: Mean inflammation was 2.7 in Control Group versus 2.1 in BD Group (p = 0.049), while mean vascular congestion was 2.3 and 2, respectively, in Control and BD groups (p = 0.1642). Conclusion: Intra-rectal infusion ofBaccharis dracunculifolia extract significantly minimized the inflammatory process in the exclusion colitis of rats submitted to colostomy, without altering the degree of vascular congestion.


Resumo Racional A colite de desuso é frequente em nosso meio e o tratamento de maior eficácia é de alto custo, havendo necessidade de se encontrar uma terapêutica eficaz e de baixo custo. Objetivo Avaliar a eficácia da Baccharis dracunculifolia (alecrim-do-campo) no tratamento da colite de exclusão em ratos. Método Utilizou-se 18 ratos Wistar, os quais foram anestesiados e submetidos à colostomia; em seguida distribuídos em 2 grupos: Grupo Controle, recebendo infusão intrarretal de solução salina (n = 8) e Grupo BD, recebendo infusão intrarretal de extrato de Baccharis dracunculifolia (n = 10); após 21 dias de tratamento foram submetidos a eutanásia, o segmento intesinal excluso de trânsito intestinal foi ressecado e submetido a estudo histopatológico classificando-se o grau de inflamação e grau de congestão vascular de 0 a 3. Resultados Verificou-se média de inflamação 2,7 no Grupo Controle vs. 2,1 no Grupo BD (p = 0,049), enquanto as médias de congestão vascular foram 2,3 e 2, respectivamente, nos grupos controle e BD (p = 0,1642). Conclusão A infusão intrarretal do extrato de Baccharis dracunculifolia minimizou significantemente o processo inflamatório na colite de exclusão de ratos submetidos à colostomia, sem alterar o grau de congestão vascular.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Colitis , Colitis/drug therapy , Plant Preparations , Vernonia , Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal , Colostomy , Vernonia/adverse effects
2.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 59: e16150775, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951313

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Essential oils are pharmacologically active and unexplored compounds. The inhibitory properties of essential oils from Baccharis dracunculifolia, Conyza bonariensis, Tithonia diversifolia and Ambrosia polystachya were evaluated in the coagulation and fibrinogenolysis induced by snake venoms. The essential oil from Conyza bonariensis extended the clotting time of Lachesis muta from 52.2 to 115.2 seconds and that of Bothrops moojeni from 108.3 to 2340.0 seconds, when pre-incubated with the venoms. The longest clotting times for Bothrops atrox venom were observed after incubation with the essential oils from Conyza bonariensis and Tithonia diversifolia: the times increased from 100.8 to 264.0 and 227.7 seconds, respectively. The prior incubation of the essential oils with plasma and subsequent addition of Lachesis muta venom resulted in a pro-clotting effect. The oils from Ambrosia polystachya and Baccharis dracunculifolia caused 100% of inhibition on the fibrinogenolysis induced by Bothrops moojeni and Lachesis muta venoms (the oils were previously incubated with the venom). The results indicate that the essential oils show promise as adjuvants for the treatment of snakebites.

3.
Braz. arch. biol. technol ; 59: e16160287, 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-951361

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Although endophytic bacteria impact the health, and ultimately the fitness, of their hosts, our understanding of the diversity of endophytic species remains limited. Here we report on the endophytic microbiota inhabiting the roots, healthy leaves and leaves attacked by a gall-inducing insect of Baccharis dracunculifolia, a species of major economic relevance in South America, using 16S rRNA gene new generation sequencing. Rhodoplanes and Nitrospira were well represented in the communities of roots and leaves; known to be important for nitrogen cycling. The difference in bacterial diversity between healthy and galled leaves was not pronounced. The leaves seem to harbor specialized bacteria with high tolerances to abiotic stresses such as wide variation in temperature, low humidity, shallow and nutrient-poor soils and high solar irradiation. These findings suggest taxon-specific ecological niches in the leaves and roots, which may be the result of different physicochemical characteristics between these structures. This study provides a basis for further investigations and adds significant new information to the current knowledge of the endophytic bacterial composition in B. dracunculifolia.

4.
Rev. bras. plantas med ; 17(1): 45-50, Jan-Mar/2015. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-742926

ABSTRACT

Além do valor como recurso terapêutico, plantas medicinais também possuem potencial para serem utilizadas como fonte de princípios ativos contra fitopatógenos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de óleos essenciais das espécies medicinais Baccharis dracunculifolia (alecrim-do-campo), Schinus terebinthifolius (aroeirinha) e Porophyllum ruderale (arnica-brasileira) sobre o crescimento dos fungos fitopatogênicos Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (Fop), F. solani f. sp. phaseoli (Fsp), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss), S. minor (Sm), Rhizoctonia solani (Rs), Sclerotium rolfsii (Sr) e Macrophomina phaseolina (Mp). Avaliou-se em placas de Petri o crescimento radial desses fungos em meio batata-dextrose-ágar (BDA) com cinco concentrações (0, 250, 500, 1000 e 3000 mg L-1) dos óleos essenciais. Discos de micélio (5 mm de diâmetro) de cada fungo em crescimento foram transferidos para placas de Petri que foram mantidas a 23°C no escuro por 48 horas. O óleo essencial de alecrim-do-campo foi o mais eficiente na redução do crescimento micelial de todos os fungos, com inibição completa quando se utilizou a concentração de 3000 mg L-1. A redução de crescimento variou de 29% (Fs) a 80% (Rs) a 250 mg L-1 do óleo essencial de alecrim-do-campo; a 500 mg L-1, variou de 29% (Fs) a 98% (Sr); e a 1000 mg L-1, de 41% (Fs) a 100% (Sr). A redução do crescimento dos fungos pelo óleo de aroeirinha na concentração de 3000 mg L-1 variou de 27% (Fsp) a 74% (Rs). Nessa concentração, o óleo de arnica-brasileira reduziu o crecimento micelial de Ss em 72%, o de Rs em 80% e o de Mp em 82%, sem efeitos significativos sobre o crescimento micelial de Fsp e Fop. Conclui-se que os óleos essenciais de alecrim-do-campo, aroeirinha e arnica-brasileira possuem potencial para o controle dos fungos fitopatogênicos estudados, com destaque para o óleo de alecrim-do-campo.


In addition to their value as therapeutic resources, medicinal plants also have the potential to be used as a source of alternative compounds against plant pathogens. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oils extracted from the medicinal species Baccharis dracunculifolia, Schinus terebinthifolius and Porophyllum ruderale on the growth of the fungal plant pathogens Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (Fop), F. solani f. sp. phaseoli (Fsp), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Ss), S. minor (Sm), Rhizoctonia solani (Rs), Sclerotium rolfsii (Sr) and Macrophomina phaseolina (Mp). The radial mycelial growth of the fungi was evaluated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) in Petri dishes with five concentrations (0, 250, 500, 1000 and 3000 μL L-1) of the essential oils. Mycelial discs (5 mm diameter) of the growing colonies of each fungus were transferred to Petri dishes, which were maintained at 23 °C in the dark for 48 hours. The essential oil of B. dracunculifolia was the most effective oil in the reduction of the mycelial growth of all fungi. It completely inhibited their growth at 3000 mg L-1. At 250 mg L-1, the growth reduction caused by the oil of B. dracunculifolia varied from 29% (Fs) to 80% (Rs); at 500 mg L-1, it varied from 29% (Fs) to 98% (Sr); and at 1000 mg L-1, it varied from 41% (Fs) to 100% (Sr). The reduction of the mycelial growth caused by the oil of S. terebinthifolius at 3000 mg L-1 varied from 27% (Fsp) to 74% (Rs). At this concentration, the oil of P. ruderale reduced the mycelial growth of Ss by 72%, of Rs by 80% and of Mp by 82%, without significant effects on the mycelial growth of Fsp and Fop. We conclude that the essential oils of B. dracunculifolia, S. terebinthifolius and P. ruderale have the potential to be used to control the plant pathogens tested, especially the oil of B. dracunculifolia.


Subject(s)
Oils, Volatile/analysis , Plants, Medicinal/classification , Arnica/anatomy & histology , Anacardiaceae/anatomy & histology , Vernonia/anatomy & histology , Fungi/classification
5.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-151974

ABSTRACT

Some compounds found in B. dracunculifolia could be part of human diets, directly and indirectly through green propolis intake, because of their possible effect on blood glucose that could be of great relevance in the control of hyperglycemia; however, this effect has not been extensively studied. This study analyzed the effect of acute administration of B. dracunculifolia extracts on glycemic response in healthy individuals during rest. The study group consisted of eight healthy individuals at the age of 19 ± 1.3 years old, four in the treatment group (TG) and four in the control group (CG), with and without intake of 20 g/Kg of body weight of B. dracunculifolia extract, respectively. The cardiovascular parameters of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR), and blood glucose (BG) were analyzed before and after treatments Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired Student's ttest and considering p<0.05. The TG group showed increase of 3% in heart rate (2 beats min-1, P<0.05), 11% in DBP scores, and reduction of 27% (20 mg/dl, P<0.05) in BG levels. The intake of B. dracunculifolia extract may help control blood glucose levels; however, its effects on the cardiovascular system must be evaluated in further studies.

6.
Braz. j. biol ; 71(3): 727-734, Aug. 2011. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-597181

ABSTRACT

In Minas Gerais, green propolis is produced from the collection of resinous substance found in shoot apices of Baccharis dracunculifolia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biological parameters associated with the interaction Apis mellifera x Baccharis dracunculifolia, to elucidate the supply of resin for green propolis production in Minas Gerais. We selected male and female individuals of two populations of Baccharis dracunculifolia located on São Judas Tadeu Farm - FSJT, in the municipality of Betim, MG and the Experimental Garden of the Ezequiel Dias Foundation - HORTO, located in an urban area in Belo Horizonte, MG. We made weekly observations, from June 2007 to June 2008, and evaluated in both populations: richness and abundance of insect visitors; resin collecting visits of Apis mellifera; presence of Baccharopelma dracunculifoliae galls; growth of individuals and phenological phases. Statistical analyses were made using R software. The rainy season showed the highest number of visitors. A. mellifera collected resin in shoot apices of Baccharis dracunculifolia from August to April, only in the FSJT population, where galls of B. dracunculifoliae were also present. Ovoposition of gall inductor on host plants occurs during the rainy season, when there is a peak of visitants and resin collecting visits of honeybees. This fact stimulates plant defense strategies against parasitoids and predators, which includes the production of several secondary metabolites, and ultimately reduces competition for food by inhibiting the attack of other phytophagous insects, not adapted to the chemical environment of plant tissues. Green propolis production in Minas Gerais is related to the abundant supply of resin by Baccharis dracunculifolia, when they are parasitised by B. dracunculifoliae galls. They induce plant production of defense exudates, which attract Apis mellifera bees to collect resin and consequently favour the production of green propolis.


A própolis verde é produzida pelas abelhas Apis mellifera no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, a partir da coleta de substância resinosa dos ápices vegetativos de Baccharis dracunculifolia. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros biológicos associados à interação Apis mellifera x Baccharis dracunculifolia, visando elucidar o fornecimento de resina da espécie para a produção de própolis verde em Minas Gerais. Foram selecionados indivíduos masculinos e femininos em duas populações de Baccharis dracunculifolia localizadas na Fazenda São Judas Tadeu – FSJT, município de Betim, MG, e no Horto Experimental da Fundação Ezequiel Dias – HORTO, em área urbana no município de Belo Horizonte, MG. Foram observados semanalmente, entre junho de 2007 e junho de 2008, a riqueza e abundância de insetos visitantes; visitação de Apis mellifera para coleta de resina; presença de galhas de Baccharopelma dracunculifoliae; crescimento dos indivíduos de Baccharis dracunculifolia e fenofases. Para análise estatística utilizou-se o software R. Em ambas as populações, a estação chuvosa foi a que apresentou maior número de visitantes. As abelhas Apis mellifera, coletaram resina nos ápices vegetativos de Baccharis dracunculifolia entre agosto e abril, e somente na população FSJT, onde ocorreram galhas de B. dracunculifoliae. Neste período a planta é ovopositada pelo indutor da galha que estimula a produção de diversos metabólitos secundários, como proteção ao ataque de parasitoides e predadores, e reduz a competição por alimento ao inibir o ataque de outros insetos fitófagos. A produção de própolis verde em Minas Gerais está relacionada à oferta abundante de resina pela planta Baccharis dracunculifolia, parasitadas por essas galhas. A atração das abelhas Apis mellifera para coleta de resina e produção de própolis verde se dá pela produção de exsudatos de defesa pela planta induzida pela presença da galha.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Baccharis/physiology , Bees/physiology , Behavior, Animal/physiology , Propolis/chemistry , Baccharis/classification , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Seasons
7.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 18(4): 549-556, Oct.-Dec. 2008. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-509048

ABSTRACT

Ethanol and dichloromethane extracts of a Brazilian green propolis from Baccharis dracunculifolia were analyzed by HPLC-APCI-MS and GC-MS, respectively. The HPLC-APCI-MS technique, at the positive mode, furnished a complete and unequivocal chemical composition of the green propolis sample. It serves as fingerprint for different propolis samples. The composition of the ethanol extract consisted mainly of cinnamic acid and derivatives, flavonoids, benzoic acid and a few benzoates, non-hydroxylated aromatics, and aliphatic acids and esters, which are normally not reported in the literature because they do not absorb UV light. The main constituents of the dichloromethane extract were prenylated compounds, alkanes and terpenoids.


Os extratos em etanol e diclorometano de uma própolis verde de Baccharis dracunculifolia foram analisados por CLAE-ICPA-EM e CG-EM, respectivamente. A técnica de CLAE-EM-ICPA, no modo positivo, forneceu uma completa e inequívoca composição química da amostra de própolis verde. Ela serve como impressão digital para amostras diferentes de própolis. A composição do extrato em etanol consistiu fundamentalmente de ácido cinâmico e derivados, flavonóides, ácido benzóico e alguns benzoatos, aromáticos não hidroxilados, e ácidos e ésteres alifáticos, os quais são normalmente ignorados na literatura porque não absorvem luz UV. Os constituintes principais do extrato em diclorometano foram compostos prenilados, alcanos e terpenóides.

8.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 18(3): 379-386, jul.-set. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-496113

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho apresenta um marcador químico (MQ) volátil, de fácil detecção por cromatografia gasosa, para a própolis do alecrim-do-campo (Baccharis dracunculifolia). Trata-se do composto volátil mais abundante no extrato em diclorometano de própolis verdes dessa planta, mas que aparece, também, em diferentes concentrações, em extratos de diclorometano de própolis marrom, preta, vermelha e amarela, provenientes de regiões que contêm Baccharis dracunculifolia. O MQ está presente no extrato dos ápices vegetativos de alecrim em concentração significativa, mas sua concentração na folha de alecrim é baixa. Própolis de regiões sem alecrim não possuem o MQ. Este composto foi isolado recentemente e se trata do 3-prenilcinamato de alila. Amostras comerciais de extratos etanólicos de própolis verdes foram analisadas e a de primeira qualidade, tipo exportação, apresentou maior concentração de MQ. Tal descoberta facilita o rápido controle de qualidade de extratos etanólicos de própolis verdes.


In the present work a volatile chemical marker (CM) for the Baccharis dracunculifolia (Bd) propolis is proposed, which is easily detectable by gas chromatography. It is the most abundant volatile compound in dichloromethane extracts of green propolis from this plant, but it appears also, in different concentrations, in dichloromethane extracts of brown, dark and red propolis from regions where Bd grows. The CM is present in significative concentration in the bud extract of Bd, in contrast to the leaf extract where its concentration is low. Propolis from regions without Bd does not contain the CM. This compound was recently isolated; it is the allyl 3-prenylcinnamate. Commercial samples of green propolis ethanol extract were analyzed and the first quality one (exportation standard) presented the highest concentration on CM. This finding makes easier the quality control of green propolis extracts sold at the market.

9.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 18(2): 197-203, abr.- jun. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-488653

ABSTRACT

Os óleos essenciais de Baccharis dracunculifolia e Baccharis uncinella, obtidos por hidrodestilação, foram caracterizados físico e quimicamente em relação ao seu rendimento, sua densidade relativa (d20(20)), seu índice de refração, sua solubilidade em etanol e sua composição química por meio de cromatografia gasosa acoplada à espectrometria de massas (CG/EM). Os resultados mostraram um rendimento de 1,5 e 1,65 mL/100g-1, uma densidade relativa (d20(20)) de 0,9151 e 0,9147, um índice de refração de 1,4593 e 1,4602, um poder rotatório de +1,99 e +2,18, a sua solubilidade em etanol 70 por cento foi 3,0, em etanol 80 por cento foi 1,0 e em etanol 96,5 por cento também foi de 1,0, para o óleo de B. dracunculifolia e B. uncinella, respectivamente. Os resultados mostraram que os óleos avaliados são semelhantes, apresentando 26 compostos, com destaque para β-pineno, ε-nerolidol, limoneno e espatulenol.


The essential oils of Baccharis dracunculifolia and Baccharis uncinella, which were obtained by hydrodistillation, were physically and chemically characterized for their yield, relative density (d20(20)), refraction index, solubility in ethanol and chemical composition through gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry (GC/MS). The results showed a yield of 1.5 and 1.65 mL/100g-1, relative density (d20(20)) of 0.9151 and 0.9147, refraction index of 1.4593 and 1.4602, rotatory power of +1.99 and +2.18. Solubility in 70 percent ethanol was 3.0, in 80 percent ethanol was 1.0 and in 96.5 percent ethanol was 1.0, for the oils of B. dracunculifolia and B. uncinella respectively. The evaluations in gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrophotometry showed that the oils studied are similar, presenting 26 constituents among which β-pinene, ε-nerolidol, limonene and spathulenol are highlighted.

10.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 11(1): 15-18, jan.-abr. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-482704

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana do óleo essencial produzido pela Baccharis dracunculifolia D.C. (Asteraceae), frente aos microrganismos cariogênicos Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 2575); S. sobrinus (ATCC 27607); S. sanguis (ATCC 10557) e Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 4646). Empregou-se a técnica de Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM); sendo que cada linhagem bacteriana foi reativada em caldo Tryptic Soy Broth, incubada a 37o C por 24 horas em microaerofilia e semeadas em meio de cultura Ágar Mueller Hintõn pela técnica de inundação. O óleo essencial foi empregado em concentrações de 100% a 0,19% e os halos de inibição mensurados. Verificou-se, na linhagem S. mutans, uma CIM de 6,25%. Para as linhagens S. sanguis e S. sobrinus, as CIMs observadas foram de 1,56%. Em relação ao L. casei, a CIM obtida foi de 3,12%. Com esses resultados podemos concluir que o óleo essencial produzido por B. dracunculifolia é capaz de inibir o crescimento das cepas bacterianas avaliadas.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the essential oil produced by the Baccharis dracunculifolia D. C. (Asteraceae) towards the cariogenic microorganisms: Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 2575); S. sobrinus (ATCC27607); S. sanguis (ATCC 10557) and L. casei (ATCC 4646). The technique used was the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) Each bacterium branch was reactivated in Tryptic Soy Broth, incubated in 37º C for 24 hours in Ágar Mueller Hintön culture. The essential oil was used from 100 % to 0.19 % concentration and the inhibition halo was measured. It was verifi ed that the S. mutans branch presented 6.25 % MIC. The S. sanguis and S. sobrinus presented 1.56 % MIC. The MIC was 3.12 % for the L. casei. We concluded that the essential oil produced by the B. dracunculifolia inhibits the growth of the bacteria evaluated.


Subject(s)
Oils , Cariogenic Agents , Dracunculiasis , Anti-Bacterial Agents
11.
Rev. bras. farmacogn ; 14(1): 41-48, 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570841

ABSTRACT

Diferentes espécies de Baccharis são conhecidas popularmente como carqueja e empregadas indistintamente na medicina tradicional como estomáquicas e diuréticas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo contribuir para a determinação de parâmetros para o controle de qualidade e aplicação na indústria de fitoterápicos, através da análise de quatro espécies de carqueja: Baccharis dracunculifolia DC., B. articulata (Lam.) Pers., B. cylindrica (Less.) DC. e B. gaudichaudiana DC. De um modo geral, B. dracunculifolia apresentou os maiores teores de umidade e de perda por dessecação, enquanto que B. articulata mostrou os maiores índices afrosimétrico e de amargor e teores de extratos secos a frio e a quente e de cinzas totais. B. dracunculifolia foi a espécie que apresentou maior rendimento do óleo volátil. Alguns componentes do óleo volátil ocorrem nas quatro espécies, porém cada uma delas apresentou um perfil cromatográfico característico.


Different species of Baccharis are commonly known as carqueja and are used indistinctly in the traditional medicine as stomachic and diuretic. This research aimed to carry out the drug analysis of Baccharis dracunculifolia DC., B. articulata (Lam.) Pers., B. cylindrica (Less.) DC. and B. gaudichaudiana DC. In general, B. dracunculifolia showed the highest results of water content, essential oil and loss on drying, while B. articulata showed the highest foam and bitter indices, ash and water soluble extractive results. Some components of the essential oil appeared in the four species, although each one showed a charateristic chromatographic profile by TLC analysis.

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