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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of pathological phimosis and analyze the correlation between pathological phimosis and balanitis xerotica obliterans(BXO) in children.Methods:The clinical data of 45 children who underwent circumcision and histopathologic evaluation in our hospital from July 2018 to August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the results of the pathological examination, lichen sclerosis et atrophicus cases were classified as the BXO group, and other cases were classified as the non-BXO group. The two groups' age, history, and symptoms were recorded and compared. The management of meatal stenosis and the effect of topical steroids were described.Results:There were 33 patients in the BXO group, aged (7.42±2.46)years old, of which 91% (30/33) were 5-11 years old. There were 12 patients in the non-BXO group, aged (10.42±2.88) years old. The difference of age between the two groups was statistically significant ( P< 0.05). But there was no significant difference between the BXO group and non-BXO group in the history of balanoposthitis(28 cases vs. 7 cases), history of foreskin dilated(15 cases vs. 3 cases), frequent urination (18 cases vs. 10 cases), urgent urination(12 cases vs. 4 cases), urination pain(17 cases vs. 3 cases), dysuria(21 cases vs. 5 cases), pruritus(25 cases vs. 7 cases), penile pain(7 cases vs. 1 case), ballooning(7 cases vs. 6 cases), and spraying (14 cases vs. 2 cases)( P > 0.05). All 8 cases of meatal stenosis were in the BXO group. Three cases underwent meatal dilatation and indwelling catheter was left for 5-10 days, and topical steroid was used on the third day after surgery. The remaining cases were treated with topical steroids after a pathological diagnosis of BXO. Among the 4 cases with partial urethral meatus involvement, 3 had good results after treatment, and 1 had no significant improvement and underwent meatal dilatation twice later. In 1 case, meatal stenosis was found two weeks after surgery, but no meatal abnormality was found during operation. All patients recovered smoothly during a median follow-up of 12.2 (5.4, 21.8) months. Conclusions:BXO is the main cause of pathologic phimosis in boys, and the diagnosis is based on histopathology. The main complication of BXO is meatal stenosis, which should be detected as early as possible and treated in time.
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Male genital lichensclerosus has a hidden onset, which is easy to be ignored by doctors and patients. However, as the disease progresses, it can cause anterior urethral stricture, urinary fistula, perineal abscess and induce squamous cell carcinoma, which is extremely harmful. In February 2019, Rongcheng People’s Hospital treated a case of male genital sclerosing lichenoidosis with urethral stricture, perineal abscess and squamous cell carcinoma. After a variety of imaging, endoscopic examination and multiple pathological biopsy, the final diagnosis was confirmed, and then the cancer tissue was removed.
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Objective:To investigate the characteristics and the management of male genital lichen sclerosus (MGLSc)accompanied by urethral carcinoma.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on 16MGLSc accompanied by urethral carcinoma patients who were referred to Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital between June 2000 and August 2019. The average age was 53.7 (45-69) years. All of the patients had a mean history of MGLSc 15(6-35) years, anterior urethral stricture received urethral dilatation and other inappropriate urethrotomy treatment for 10 (8-15) years. There were 5 cases of solid mass 4.5 (3-7) cm in scrotum, accompanied by obviously pain. There were 11 cases of infective masses 6(4-10)cm in the perineum, and the masses were ulcerated with purulent secretions and residue-like pus mixed with necrotic tissues draining from the wounds. Urethrocutaneous fistula developed in 9 cases, and the secretions in the fistula cannot heal. The diseased tissue was confirmed by pathology as the metastasis of invasive urothelial carcinoma in 12 patients and urethral squamous cell carcinoma in 4 patients. 9 cases of tumor invaded corpus spongiosum or corpus cavernosum, 5 cases invaded corpus spongiosum or corpus cavernosum, with enlarged firm one side inguinal node. 2 cases of tumor invaded corpus cavernosum, beyond prostatic capsule and bladder neck, bilateral palpable inguinal lymph nodes metastasis were found, one case found tumor involved the left testis. 9 cases were T 2-3N 0M 0, 5 cases T 2-3N 1M 0, 1 case T 3N 2M 0, 1 case T 4N 2M 1. 5 patients with substantial tumors located in the scrotum, penile-sparing scrotum tumor, urethral tumor resection and urethrostomy was performed in 2 patients. Partial phallectomy, urethral tumor resection and perineal urethrostomy were performed in 3 patients. 11 patients with urethral cancer complicated with perineal infectious mass, 2 patients underwent extensive resection of the tumor and suprapubic cystostomy. 8 cases with perineal tumor infection complicated with urethrocutaneous fistulas formation, of which 2 patients received perineal mass, urethral tumor, fistula resection and suprapubic cystostomy, 4 patients with unilateral inguinal lymph node metastasis and received perineal mass, urethral tumor, fistula, lymph node resection and suprapubic cystostomy. 2 patients with bilateral inguinal node metastasis underwent total phallectomy and urethrectomy, inguinal lymph node resection and suprapubic cystostomy. One case of perineal infectious mass with urethral cutaneous fistula and unilateral inguinal lymph node metastasis (T 2-3N 1M 0) gave up tumor resection. Results:The pathological examination of surgical resection of the glans and urethra showed typical MGLSc manifestations as epithelial keratinization, basal cell vacuoles degeneration, dermis lymphocyte infiltration. The pathological examination of the surgical excised diseased urethra and surrounding tumor tissue showed invasive urothelial carcinoma in 12 patients. Immunohistochemical staining showed positive expression of P53, Ki-67 and GATA3. 4 patients of urethral squamous carcinoma and immunohistochemical staining showed positive expression of Ki-67, P40 and GATA3. All patients received cisplatin combined with gemcitabine chemotherapy for an average of 4.8 (2-6)courses and received local radiotherapy (50-70Gy/5w). The mean postoperative survival time of the 16 patients was 26 (3-48) months, and the survival time of urethral transitional cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was 29 (18-48) months and 18 (3-24) months, respectively. All patients died of tumor metastasis, with 6 patients of lung metastsis, 2 patients of lumbar and bone metastasis, 3 patients of liver metastasis, 2 patients of brain metastasis and 3 patients of lung combined with bone metastasis.Conclusions:MGLSc can cause urethal stricture and urethral carcinoma. The clinical manifestations are dysuria, urinary tumor, repeated infection and urethral fistula. Tumor excision and urinary diversion are common surgical methods. Urethral transitional cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are common pathological types. Postoperative combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used, but the overall prognosis is poor.
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Abstract: Zoon's plasma cell balanitis is a chronic genital inflammatory dermatosis that affects uncircumcised men, especially the elderly. It's characterized by painless erythematous plaques of orange hue, located on the glans penis and foreskin. Circumcision is the most effective treatment; however, it can be hard for patients to accept. As an alternative, topical calcineurin inhibitors are used, with good response. This article reports the case of a 32-year-old patient, HIV carrier, diagnosed with Zoon's plasma cell balanitis. Treatment with topical tacrolimus was administered, without improvement. A 6-week course of thalidomide resulted in complete remission of the lesions, without recurrence after eight months of follow-up.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Plasma Cells/pathology , Thalidomide/therapeutic use , Balanitis/drug therapy , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/drug therapy , Balanitis/pathology , Treatment Outcome , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/pathologyABSTRACT
A 46-year-old male presented with skin lesion on the tip of penis, occurring a month ago. Erythematous macules and grouped vesicles on the glans penis and upper side of prepuce area were noticed. In addition, scales were noticed on the tip of glans penis. The lesion was first diagnosed as herpes genitalis based on the clinical manifestation, but had failed to improve with systemic and topical antiviral and topical antibiotics. KOH examinations were performed on his upper glans penis, and we detected pseudo hyphae and spores. Fungal culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study were revealed as Candida albicans. He was successfully treated with topical isoconazole cream twice a day. Candida balanitis refers to candida infections of glans penis. Infectious balanitis presented various clinical presentations, it is not easy to diagnose with clinical presentation only. Therefore, it is essential to include other examination such as KOH examination, microorganism exam, and/or biopsy in the differential diagnosis when cutaneous lesions are noticed in patients. Herein, we present a candida balanitis with atypical features that clinically mimicked herpes genitalis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Balanitis , Biopsy , Candida albicans , Candida , Diagnosis, Differential , Herpes Genitalis , Hyphae , Penis , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Skin , Spores , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
El liquen escleroso y atrófico (LE y A) del pene, también conocido como balanitis xerótica obliterante (BXO), es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica del pene que puede ocurrir a cualquier edad. La inflamación conduce a la formación de placas hipocrómicas, más comúnmente en el prepucio o en el glande. En general puede causar fimosis, prurito, dolor por las fisuras, disuria, restricción de la micción, dispareunia y disfunción sexual significativa. Comunicamos un caso de BXO asociado a vitiligo en un paciente de 78 años, quien consultó por dispareunia. Fue derivado a Urología para resolución quirúrgica, donde se realizó una postectomía, cuyo estudio era compatible con una BXO. Muchos hallazgos obtenidos en los últimos años apuntan cada vez más, hacia un origen autoinmune de esta enfermedad. El uso de corticoides tópicos de alta potencia es todavía la mejor terapéutica, siendo la cirugía un buen tratamiento en casos muy severos, con fimosis importante o aquellos que no responden al uso de corticoides o inhibidores de la calcineurina, como el tacrolimus o pimecrolimus.
Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (ALE) of the penis, also known as balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the penis that can occur at any age. The inflammation leads to the formation of hypochromic plaques, most commonly in the foreskin or on the glans. BXO can cause phimosis, pruritus, pain, dysuria, urinary restriction, dyspareunia, and significant sexual dysfunction. We present a case of BXO associated to vitiligo in a 78 years old patient, who consulted for dyspareunia. It was referred to urologist for surgical resolution, where circumcision was performed with biopsy compatible with BXO. In recent years studies have found that it could exists, an autoimmune ethiopathogenic factor of the disease. The topical use of high power corticosteroids is still the first choice and surgery remains a good treatment in severe cases (ex. phimosis) or those who do not respond to steroids.
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Objective To review the technique and outcome of perineal urethrostomy or urethral perineostomy and to identify factors related to the procedure failure. Material and methods We studied 17 patients who underwent perineal urethrostomy between 2009-2013 in a single hospital. Success was defined as no need for additional surgical treatment or urethral dilatation. We reviewed the clinical data related to age, weight, previous urethral surgery, diabetes, hypertension, ischemic cardiopathy, lichen sclerosus and other causes and studied their association with the procedure failure (univariate analysis). We completed the analysis with a multivariate test based on binary regression. Results The average follow-up was 39.41 months. From all the causes, we found Lichen Sclerosus in 35%, idiopathic etiology in 29% and prior hypospadia repair in 18%. Postoperative failure occurred in 3 patients, with a final success of 82.4%. The binary regression model showed as independent risk factors ischemic cardiopathy (OR: 2.34), and the presence of Lichen Sclerosis (OR: 3.21). Conclusions The success rate with the perineal urethrostomy technique shows it to be a valid option above all when we preserve the urethral blood supply and plate. Lichen sclerosus and ischemic vascular problems are risk factors to re-stenosis. .
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Perineum/surgery , Urethra/surgery , Urethral Stricture/surgery , Ostomy/methods , Urologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Urethra/diagnostic imaging , Radiography , Regression Analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Analysis of Variance , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Failure , Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus/complications , Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans/complications , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Objective To investigate clinical and pathological features of pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis (PKMB).Methods The clinical and pathological features as well as treatment of PKMB were retrospectively analyzed in 5 male patients collected from Janumy 2008 to December 2013.Results The age at onset of PKMB varied from 56 to 67 years in these 5 patients,and none of the patients had received prepucectomy.Indurated keratotic plaques were observed in the glans of penis and inner lamina of the prepuce with no tenderness on palpation,whose surfaces were covered with grayish yellow,adherent and hard micaceous crusts.Histopathological study revealed obvious hyperkeratosis complicated by parakeratosis,epidermal pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia,thickened spinous layer,and normal cell polarity in the epidermis,as well as telangiectasis and mild to moderate lymphocytic infiltration in the upper dermis.Immunohistochemical examination showed positive nuclear staining of epidermal cells for human papillomavirus (HPV) in 2 cases.Two patients took small doses of prednisone,but achieved no obvious improvement.Oral isotretinoin had resulted in a favorable outcome in another two cases,but relapse occurred after dose reduction,and thick crusts still appeared after topical application of glucocorticoid cream and tacrolimus cream,or carbon dioxide laser treatment and photodynamic therapy.Conclusions PKMB is a chronic and obstinate disease,and should be diagnosed based on pathological findings.Its treatment is difficult,and tretinoin has some effects,but relapse often occurs after drug withdrawal and maintenance treatment is needed.
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Se comunica el caso de un paciente masculino de mediana edad, con una balanopostitis crónica irritativa y reaccional de naturaleza benigna, que simulaba una eritroplasia de Queyrat o carcinoma espinocelular, variante "in situ" del pene, por el curso clínico prolongado y asintomático del padecimiento, que se controló de manera satisfactoria con el empleo de un inhibidor de la calcineurina durante más de diez semanas. La importancia de su reporte se fundamenta en su escasa prevalencia, identificación y reconocimiento oportuno diferenciándola de otras entidades patológicas, propias de esta localización y las opciones terapéuticas a nuestra disposición.
We report a middle-aged male with a chronic irritant balanoposthitis, a benign inflammatory reaction simulating a Queyrat erythroplasia or penile in situ squamous cell carcinoma, with prolonged and asymptomatic clinical course satisfactorily controlled with the use a calcineurin inhibitor for more than ten weeks. The importance of this report lies in the low prevalence of the disease, identification and timely recognition, distinct from other disease entities specific for this location and the treatment options available to us.
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Plasma cell balanitis (Balanitis circumscripta plasmacellularis or Zoon's balanitis) is an idiopathic, benign condition of the glans penis or prepuce. It occurs mostly as a solitary, persistent plaque among middle-aged to older uncircumcised males. It is characterized by chronic, shiny, smooth, red-orange plaques with small, dark red stippling. When the plasma cell balanitis is suspected clinically, diagnosis can be readily confirmed by microscopic examinations of the lesion. Differentiating this lesion from similar lesions such as premalignant, infective and other inflammatory penile lesions is important. The current preferred treatment is circumcision and this disorder can be treated relatively easily by circumcision. We, herein, report an interesting case of plasma cell balanitis on preputial mucosa.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Balanitis , Circumcision, Male , Mucous Membrane , Penis , Plasma , Plasma CellsABSTRACT
La balanitis plasmocitaria de Zoon o balanitis plasmocelular es una dermatosis crónica benigna y poco frecuente, más frecuente en varones de mediana edad y adultos mayores. Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 68 años con tiempo de enfermedad de un año que acude a consulta por presentar un parche eritematoso, de superficie lustrosa, lisa, de bordes irregulares y con algunas zonas exudativas, localizada en glande, surco balanoprepucial y cuerpo del pene, asintomático. Se procede a toma de biopsia y se observa en dermis superficial un infiltrado en banda de células plasmáticas y se confirma el diagnóstico de balanitis plasmocitaria de Zoon.
Plasma cell balanitis of Zoon or balanitis plasma cell is a benign chronic dermatoses and infrequent, more common in middle-aged men and elderly. We report the case of a male patient aged 68 with sick time a year who come to the office due erythematous patch, glossy surface, smooth, irregular borders and some oozing areas, located in glans, coronal sulcus and penile shaft, asymptomatic. We proceed to biopsy and is observed in superficial dermis band infiltrate of plasma cells and confirmed the diagnosis of plasma cell balanitis of Zoon.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Plasma Cells , Balanitis , Skin DiseasesABSTRACT
A 55-year-old male with carcinoma in situ of urinary bladder was treated with weekly intravesical injections of Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine. Three days after the sixth injection, he developed low grade fever and multiple grouped punched out, 2-3 mm ulcers around meatus and corona glandis. In addition, multiple, firm, indurated, nontender papules and few deeper nodules were present on the proximal part of glans penis, along with bilateral enlarged, matted and nontender inguinal lymph nodes. There was no history suggestive of sexually transmitted diseases and high risk behavior. Chest X-ray was within normal limits, and Mantoux, Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) and HIV antibody tests were negative. The biopsy from the penile ulcer revealed epithelioid cell granuloma with Langhans giant cells. Fine needle aspiration cytology from the lymph node also revealed epithelioid cell granuloma and acid fast bacilli on Ziehl Neelsen's stain. The tissue biopsy grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The BCG immunotherapy was stopped and patient was treated with four drug antitubercular therapy with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide in standard daily doses along with pyridoxine. The edema resolved and the ulcers started healing within 2 weeks, and at 6 weeks after starting antitubercular therapy almost complete healing occurred. To the best of our knowledge, we describe the first case of an Indian patient with BCG induced primary tuberculosis of penis after immunotherapy for carcinoma urinary bladder and review the previously described cases to increase awareness of this condition in dermatologists and venereologists.
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ObjectiveTo improve the recognition of lichen sclerosus (LS) involving the anterior urethral strictures and to investigate the outcome of urethroplasty using free mucosal grafts for the treatment of urethral strictures caused by LS. MethodsFrom January 2007 to December 2010,36 patients with anterior urethral strictures caused by LS were treated using oral mucosal grafts or colonic urethroplasty.The mean age was 41 years (range,27 -75) and the mean anterior urethral stricture length was 11.5 cm (range,5.0 -20.0 cm).Of the 36 patients,27 patients underwent dorsal lingual mucosal graft or combined buccal mucosal graft urethrography.Eight patients underwent colonic mucosal urethrography according to the length and seriousness of urethral strictures,and the remaining patient underwent anterior urethral split.Biopsies were taken from the glans,urethral meatus and urethra before urethroplasty. ResultsThe urethral silicone stent was removed 21 d post-operatively and all the patients voided well.An epithelial-stromal lesion characterized by hyperkeratosis,thinned epithelium and diffuse perivascular lymphocyte infiltrate was seen upon histological examination of the biopsied areas.The mean follow-up was 22 ( range,6 - 50) months post-operatively.Meatal stenosis developed in 2 patients undergoing oral mucosas urethroplasty and 1 patient with colonic urethroplasty,the patients voided very well after re-operation.The other patients voided well and the urinary peak flow rates ranged from 17.2 to 47.0 mL/s ( mean,23.4). ConclusionsFree mucosal grafts urethroplasty can obtain good results for the treatment of urethral strictures caused by LS.But there is a risk of recurrence of urethral stricture and closing follow-up is required,especially for meatal stenosis.
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Pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic, and micaceous balanitis is an extremely rare condition occurring over the glans in elderly characterized by silvery white plaque with mica-like crust, which can undergo malignant transformation. Herein we present a case of pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic, and micaceous balanitis occurring in an adult male presenting as a cutaneous horn.
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Las dermatosis plasmocitarias comprenden un conjunto de enfermedades inflamatorias de causa desconocida y evolución incierta. Se han descrito para ellas múltiples tratamientos con resultados dispares y éxitos terapéuticos anecdóticos, con recaídas posteriores en la mayoría de los casos. Presentamos en este trabajo, además de una actualización y revisión del tema, cuatro dermatosis plasmocitarias que tuvimos oportunidad de ver en nuestro Servicio: la conocida balanitis de Zoon, las poco descritas vulvitis de Zoon y queilitis plasmocitaria y la infrecuente plasmocitosis cutánea de la que hay muy pocos reportes a nivel mundial. Queremos con este trabajo integrar didácticamente las dermatosis benignas, producidas directamente por la infiltración de plasmocitos, sin causa subyacente demostrable.
Cutaneous plasmocitosys is a group of skin's inflammatories disorders with unknown cause and uncertain evolution. In all treatments cases they describe different and uneven results with a few therapeutic success, most of them with reopen symptoms. In the following work, besides an updates and reviews, we present four cases that we received in our Service. The known balanitis of Zoon, the almost unknown vulvitis of Zoon, plasma cell cheilitis and finally the very unfrequently cutaneous plasmocytosis, which is very worldwide unreported. A purpose of this work have a didactic will to include whole skin disorders directly caused for the plasma cells infiltration with no causes in background.
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Tipo de estudio: investigación prospectiva descriptiva. Objetivos: conocer la incidencia, características, factores predisponentes y complicaciones pos-operatorias de esta patología en el hospital base de este estudio. Metodología: se realizó en el hospital Provincial General Docente Riobamba entre enero 1999 diciembre 2002, encontrando 15 casos de balanitis xerótica obliterante. Resultados: tenemos una incidencia de 24,1% entre todas las circuncisiones realizadas, la disuria fue el síntoma principal en el 66,7%, la rinitis alérgica fue la patología común en 10 casos. Todos nuestros casos fueron corroborados con estudio histopatológico de la muestra prepucial. En el 93% el tiempo máximo de hospitalización fue de 2 días y la hemorragia post-operatoria, en un 6%, fue la complicación encontrada. Conclusiones: entidad poco conocida en nuestro medio, pero más frecuente de lo que se pensaba; se caracteriza por estrechez prepucial fibrótica y acartonada de coloración blanco nacarada que se presenta en la edad escolar; la alergia fue frecuente en estos niños.
Study design: Prospective descriptive research. Objectives: To know the incidence, characteristics, risk factors and postoperative complications of this pathology in our hospital. Methods: this study was performed in the Riobamba General Teaching Hospital between January1999 December 2002, finding 15 cases of Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans. Results: we have an incidence of 24.1% among the total amount of performed circumcisions, dysuria was the major symptom in 66.7%, allergic rhinitis became the most common pathology in 10 cases. All our cases were corroborated with a histopathological study of the prepucial sample. In 93%, the longest hospitalization time was 2 days, and in 6% postoperative hemorrhage was the most encountered complication. Conclusions: little known entity but more frequent than expected. It´s featured by fibrotic and wizened prepucial narrowness, pearly white colored that presents in scholar aged patients, history of allergy was frequent in these children.
Subject(s)
Male , Adolescent , Child, Preschool , Child , Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , Circumcision, Male , Phimosis , Dermatitis , Dermatitis, Atopic , Dysuria , Paraphimosis , Rhinitis, Allergic, PerennialABSTRACT
The condition of pseudo-epitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis (PKMB) has been described as a rare, scaling, raised lesion of the glans penis, which on histological examination showed acanthosis, hyperkeratosis and pseudo-epitheliomatous hyperplasia. It was originally thought to be a benign condition. However, recent case reports suggest that PKMB has a high propensity for malignant change. Treatment by biopsy has shown that pseudo-epitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis should be determined by the severity of the disease. We report a case of PKMB in a 38-year-old man, who presented with a one year history of an eruption on the glans penis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Balanitis , Biopsy , Hyperplasia , Penile Neoplasms , PenisABSTRACT
A 79-year-old man with balanitis circumscripta plasmacellularis(BCP), presenting as an erythematous constricting band of the inner surface of the prepuce encircling the penile shaft is described. The biopsy specimen of the lesion showed, in addition to the typical histologic findings of BCP, increased fibrosis and decreased amount of elastic fibers which correlate well with our clinical observations. Electron microscopic examination revelaed no viral particles or elastic fibers. Immunohistologically, IgG was found to be the major immunoglobulin class in the plasma cellular inf iltrate.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Balanitis , Biopsy , Elastic Tissue , Fibrosis , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulins , Plasma , VirionABSTRACT
Balanitis xerotica obliterans is a condition of unknown etiology with a specific clinical and histological character. It is a condition affecting the glans penis and prepuce which Stuhmer in 1928 first reported as occurring predominantly in young men following circumcision for phimosis. We report an unusual case of balanitis xerotica obliterans which developed on penis with primary urethral stone
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Balanitis Xerotica Obliterans , Balanitis , Circumcision, Male , Penis , PhimosisABSTRACT
Pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic and micaceous balanitis is a rare distictive clinical entity that represents a histologic spectrum ranging from hypertrophic hyperpalstic penile dystrophy to verrucous carcinoma. This condition is thought to be a malignant growth potential by resistance to treatment and its tendency toward local recurrence. We report two cases with similar clinical presentation of hyperkeratotic plaque and micaceous scaly patches on the glans penis that were compatible with pseudoepitheliomatous, keratotic and micaceous balanitis. Histopathologically, case 1, 48 year-old male was progressed to squamous cell carcinoma and case 2, 78 year-old male, was shown pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia without malignant changes.