ABSTRACT
Resumen: Introducción: La canasta básica alimentaria (CBA) es un conjunto de alimentos y bebidas, que se elabora a partir del consumo reportado por los costarricenses y considera tres criterios fundamentales: universalidad, aporte energético y porcentaje del gasto. Objetivo: Identificar la congruencia de la estructura de la CBA actual, con el derecho humano a la alimentación de la población costarricense. Metodología: A partir de la estructura de la CBA urbana actual, se compararon las cantidades de alimentos allí sugeridas con las recomendaciones de las Guías Alimentarias para Costa Rica. Se comparó el perfil de energía y nutrientes contra las recomendaciones dietéticas diarias. Se realizó una recreación de las cantidades de alimentos de la CBA para un día. Se realizaron modificaciones para una CBA sugerida con un mejor perfil nutricional y se costeó para comparar el costo de la CBA sugerida con la CBA actual. Resultados y discusión: Se incorporan en la CBA sugerida 21 alimentos, se eliminan seis, se aumenta la cantidad sugerida de dos y se disminuye la cantidad sugerida de uno. Se logra con ello aumentar el aporte de fibra dietética, calcio, magnesio, potasio, zinc, vitaminas C, E y K y reducir la cantidad de azúcar total, azúcar agregada, sodio y colesterol. Con estos cambios, el costo de la CBA sugerida se reduce ligeramente Conclusiones: Se necesita contemplar en la CBA otros aspectos nutricionales, además del aporte energético de los alimentos, como el aporte de los micronutrientes, los cuales son esenciales para la prevención y el tratamiento de enfermedades crónico-degenerativas, que son uno de los principales problemas de salud que aqueja la población en la actualidad. Por lo tanto, la CBA debe ser replanteada para ofrecer un mínimo alimentario congruente, de manera que se estimule y favorezca una alimentación balanceada, variada y adecuada para las necesidades nutricionales de la población en Costa Rica
Abstract: Introduction: The Basic Food Basket (CBA) consists of a list of foods and beverages that represent current food habits in Costa Rica. Criteria for including an item in the CBA are universality, energy and protein contribution and percentage of total expenditure on food. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that the inclusion of nutritional criteria can improve the structure of the current CBA, without increasing cost and contribute to a greater congruence with the human right to food. Methodology: The quantities of foods included in the current urban CBA were compared with the Food Guideline recommendations and the nutritional content of foods in the CBA was compared with the daily nutrient recommendations. Suggested modifications were made so that the CBA has a better nutritional profile and its cost calculated to see the impact at the economic level. A recreation of the amounts of CBA food for one day was performed. Results and discussion: 21 additional foods were incorporated into the suggested CBA, six were eliminated, two foods were increased in quantity and in one quantity was decreased. It is possible to increase the contribution of dietary fiber, calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, vitamins C, E and K and reduce the contribution of total sugar, added sugar, sodium and cholesterol without increasing cost; in fact the cost of the modified CBA is slightly reduced. Conclusions: It is possible to include additional nutritional criteria such as micronutrient content in the formulation of the CBA without increasing cost. The structure of the CBA should be reviewed to offer a more adequate, balanced, and varied diet that responds to the current nutritional needs of the population in Costa Rica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nutrition Programs and Policies , Diet, Food, and Nutrition , Access to Healthy Foods , Costa RicaABSTRACT
Introducción: la población argentina exhibe una elevada prevalencia de enfermedad celíaca (1/100) y la alimentación es su único tratamiento, por ende, el costo de la dieta es un factor clave para la adherencia. Objetivos: calcular el costo diferencial de la dieta de una mujer adulta celíaca vs. no celíaca basado en la Canasta Básica de Alimentos (CBA) y en el patrón alimentario propuesto por las Guías Alimentarias para la Población Argentina (GAPA). Estimar la proporción que representa en base al Salario Mínimo Vital y Móvil (SMVM) en ambos casos. Materiales y método: se tomaron alimentos trazadores extraídos de la plataforma digital de un hipermercado durante el mes de septiembre y diciembre del 2018 para realizar los cálculos de costo de la dieta, considerando los alimentos de más bajo precio. Resultados: el costo de la alimentación propuesta por las GAPA arrojó una diferencia de un 55,27% superior para la población celíaca (+ $1410,08) para septiembre y de un 48,60% (+ $1537,63) para el mes de diciembre. El costo mensual representó un incremento de 13,18% del SMVM para septiembre y de 13,61% para diciembre para la población celíaca. Tomando la CBA, el costo diferencial de la dieta mensual fue mayor (89,27% más cara, equivalente a 1182,76 pesos más) para el mes de septiembre, y 46,81% que equivalen a $886,10 para diciembre. Representó un incremento de 11,06% del SMVM para septiembre y de 7,84% para diciembre. Conclusiones: la alimentación para una mujer adulta celíaca representa un costo mayor que para una mujer adulta no celíaca en la CABA. Este es uno de los factores que contribuye a la no adherencia al tratamiento de la enfermedad, siendo la alimentación la única estrategia para tratarla(AU).
Introduction: Argentinian population exhibits a high prevalence of celiac disease (1/100) and feeding is the only treatment; therefore, the cost of diet is a key factor for adherence. Objectives: to calculate the differential cost of the diet of an adult celiac woman vs. non-celiac one, based on the Basic Food Basket (BFB) and on the dietary pattern proposed by the Dietary Guidelines for the Argentine Population (GAPA). Estimate the proportion that represents based on the Minimum Living Wage (MLW) in both cases. Materials and method: tracers extracted from the digital platform of an hypermarket were taken during September and December 2018 to calculate the cost of the diet, considering the lowest-priced foods. Results: the cost of food proposed by GAPA showed a difference of 55.27% higher for the celiac population ($ 1410.08 more) in September and of 48.60% ($ 1537.63 more) in December. The monthly cost represented an increase of 13.18% for the MLW in September and 13.61% in December for the celiac population. Taking the BFB, the differential cost of the monthly diet was higher (89.27% more expensive, equivalent to 1182.76 pesos more) in September, and 46.81%, equivalent to $ 886.10, in December. It represented an increase of 11.06% for the MLW in September and of 7.84% in December. Conclusions: the food for a celiac adult woman is higher than for a nonceliac adult woman in CABA. This is one of the factors that contributes to non-adherence to the treatment of the disease; food being the only strategy to treat it(AU).
Subject(s)
Celiac Disease , Costs and Cost Analysis , FoodABSTRACT
A garantia de acesso em quantidade, qualidade e regularidade aos alimentos é direito constitucional e humano. Em função disso, os programas públicos de segurança alimentar procuram focar suas ações nas populações de maior vulnerabilidade social. Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a contribuição energética e de macronutrientes da composição da cesta básica diet, oferecida pelo Programa Cidadania Alimentar (PCA) da cidade de Canoas-RS, ao estado nutricional dos idosos diabéticos. Para tanto, foi realizado estudo descritivo incluindo os 163 idosos diabéticos, de ambos os sexos, cadastrados no PCA que receberam o benefício da cesta básica diet. Constatou-se que 76,1% dos inscritos são do sexo feminino e 68,1% apresentaram classificação do índice de massa corporal (IMC) >27kg/m², indicando excesso de peso. A composição da cesta básica diet fornecida pelo PCA contemplou a média de 924,4 kcal/dia, distribuída em 54,2% de carboidratos, 13,4% de proteínas e 32,5% de gorduras. Os resultados mostraram boa adequação energética da cesta básica diet quando considerada a necessidade energética estimada (NEE) recomendada para os idosos. No entanto, sugere-se uma reavaliação do programa para que ele possa atuar em ações promotoras de saúde frente aos resultados do IMC encontrados nessa população.
Ensuring access in quantity, quality and regularity to foods is a constitutional and human right. As a result, public food safety programs seek to focus their efforts on the most socially vulnerable populations. The main objective of this work was to investigate the energetic contribution and macronutrients composition for the diet food basket offered by Programa Cidadania Alimentar (PCA) from the city of Canoas to the nutritional state of diabetic elders. A descriptive study was conducted, including 163 diabetic elderly of both genders enrolled in PCA, who received the benefit of a diet package food. It was perceived that 76.1% of the enrolled participants are female, 68.1% showed body mass index (BMI) classification of >27kg/m², indicating overweight. The diet food basket composition supplied by the PCA includes the average of 924.4 kcal/day, distributed in 54.2% of carbohydrates, 13.4% of proteins and 32.5% of fats. The results showed good energetic adequacy of a diet food basket when the estimate energy requirements (ERR) for elders is taken into account. However it is suggested a program reevaluation in order to promote health acts considering BMI found in this population.
ABSTRACT
En abril de 2009 se conformó en la Asociación Argentina de Dietistas y Nutricionistas Dietistas el Grupo de Estudio sobre Soberanía Alimentaria, constituido por un grupo de licenciadosen nutrición con interés en el tema. Como primer objetivo, el Grupo se propuso estudiar tres temas: el Derecho a laAlimentación, la Producción y Disponibilidad de alimentos enArgentina y la Canasta Básica de Alimentos. En el presente artículo se expone un resumen de los avances en el tercer tema mencionado.
In April 2009, the Argentina Association of Dietitians and Nutritionists-Dietitians formed the Study Group on FoodSovereignty, made up of graduates in Nutrition having an interest in the subject. As a first objective, the Group decidedto study three subjects: "The Right to Food", "Production and Availability of Food in Argentina" and "Basic Food Basket." This article is a summary of the progress made on the third subject mentioned.