ABSTRACT
A detecção precoce do câncer de mama em estágio inicial por meio da mamografia é das maneiras efetivas de se reduzirem as taxas de morbidade e mortalidade. Os objetivos deste artigo foram verificar o conhecimento que as mulheres idosas têm sobre o câncer de mama e mamografia; identificar se elas fazem esse exame e apontar os motivos que as levam ou não a realizarem esse exame. Trata-se de estudo exploratório de corte transversal, com 98 mulheres de três Centros de Convivência da Terceira Idade em São Paulo. Sobre o conhecimento da mamografia como exame usado na detecção precoce do câncer de mama, 55 por cento das mulheres responderam que conheciam. A grande maioria (77,6 por cento) costumava fazer esse exame, e 22,4 por cento nunca o fizeram. Os motivos mais apontados para se submeter à mamografia foram: preocupação com a saúde (53,8 por cento) erecomendação médica (38,5 por cento). Os motivos para não fazer o exame foram: não ter recomendação médica (50 por cento), nunca terá a doença (23,0 por cento), não teve sintomas (19,2 por cento) e medo (7,7 por cento). Este estudo mostrou que o assunto "câncer de mama" é bem conhecido pelas mulheres, porém a mamografia ainda precisa ser esclarecida quanto aos seus objetivos e recomendações. O fato de termos mulheres idosas que nunca realizaram oexame aponta a necessidade contínua de realizarmos ações educativas sobre o câncer de mama e seus exames de detecção precoce.
Early detection at the initial stage of breast cancer through mammography is the best way of reducing morbidity and mortality rates. The scope of this study was to establish awareness about breast cancer and mammography among elderly women, if they take the exam and discover the reasons that lead them to take the exam or not. A cross-sectional and exploratory study was conducted with 98 elderly women in three Senior Citizen Daycare Centers in São Paulo. With respect to awareness of mammography as the exam used for early detection of breast cancer, 55 percent of the women answered that they knew. The majority of these women (77.6 percent) had taken the exam and 22.4 percent had never done so. The reasons most frequently cited for taking a mammography were concern with health (53.8 percent) and medical recommendation (38.5 percent). The reasons for not taking the exam were not having a medical recommendation (50 percent), conviction that they will never have the illness (23.1 percent), didn't feel symptoms (19.2 percent) and fear (7.7 percent). This study showed that the subject of "breast cancer" is well known by the women, however mammography needs to be explained better. The fact that there are elderly women who have never submitted to the exam reveals the ongoing need to stage educational campaigns about breast cancer and the early detection exams.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Mammography , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Day Care, MedicalABSTRACT
Objective To explore the value of chemosensitivity assay in vitro on breast cancer.MethodsIn vitro chemosensitivity of 6 species of chemotherapeutic agents applied to 38 cases of breast cancer patients were detected by tissue culture-end point staining-computer image analysis(TECIA).ResultsThe sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in the breast cancer level from high to low was as follow:Doxorubicin(ADM),Paclitaxel(TAX),Vinorelbine(NVB),Cyclophosphamide(CTX),Cisplatin(DDP)and Fluorouracil(FU).ConclusionDrugs sensitivity experiment of cancer in vitro by TECIA has an important value to instruct clinical medication and individual chemotherapy for breast cancer.
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Objective To establish MSP (methylation-specific PCR) method for detecting bcl-2 gene, to study bcl-2 methylation in the development of breast cancer and the relationship between bcl-2 methylation and expression. Methods Designing the MSP primer of bcl-2 gene, the methylations in CpG island of bcl-2 gene 5'-regulatory region in 30 cases of normal, 25 cases of atypical hyperplasia(precancerous condition), 40 cases of lymphnode(-)(low-stage) and 45 cases of lymphnode(+)(high-stage) breast tissue were detected by using MSP. The expressions of bcl-2 were detected by using SP immunohistochemical technique. Results The positive rates of bcl-2 methylation in normal, atypical hyperplasia, lymphnode(-) and lymphnode(+) breast tissue were 10.0%,32.0%,40.0% and 53.3% respectively. The methylation of bcl-2 was increased and the expression of bcl-2 was decreased in the development of breast cancer(P
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PURPOSE: To evaluate the prognostic significances of angiogenesis and bc1-2, and association of each other, we investigated the correlation of microvessel count for angiogenesis and bcl-2 expression in breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analysed immunohistochemistry staining from paraffin blocks in a series of 145 women with breast cancer. Immunohistochemical staining to detect factor VIII-related antigen highlighted the microvessels within primary invasive breast carcinoma. Using light microscopy, we counted microvessels per 200X field in the most active areas of neovascularization. To determine the bcl-2 immunoreactivity, we used a monoclonal antibody directed against the bcl-2 protein. RESULTS: The median of microvessel count (MVC) was 31.5, and the proportions of tumors with low and high MVC were 51% and 49%. Eighty (55.2%) cancers showed the bcl-2 immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm. The microvessel count were correlated with lymph node status (p <0.001), tumor size (p=0.001), and lymphatic invasion around tumor (p=0.009). bcl-2 expressions were corelated with estrogen receptor positivity (p<0.001) and progesterone recepter positivity (p=0.029). The microvessel counts were negatively correlated with bcl-2 expression (p=0.006). CONCLUSION: This study suggest that the angiogenesis which was investigated by micro- vessel counts was negatively correlated with bcl-2 expression.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Cytoplasm , Estrogens , Immunohistochemistry , Lymph Nodes , Microscopy , Microvessels , Paraffin , Progesterone , von Willebrand FactorABSTRACT
Objective To study the expression and clinical significance of EphB4 in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma.MethodsSP immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of EphB4 in 65 cases of breast infiltrating ductal cancer and 12 matched adjacent tissue samples.ResultsThe level of EphB4 in breast infiltrating ductal cancer was significantly higher than that of adjacent normal tissues(P0.05).ConclusionEphB4 plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of breast cancer.