ABSTRACT
Begonia ludwigii Irmscher y B. parcifolia C. DC. se registran para la flora peruana, donde ocurren dentro de la zona biodiversa Amotape-Huancabamba. Ambas especies fueron originalmente consideradas como endémicas de Ecuador. Dentro de Perú, B. ludwigii es reportada de cuatro poblaciones en los Departamentos de Piura, Lambayeque y Cajamarca, mientras que B. parcifolia es reportada de tres poblaciones en los Departamentos de Tumbes, Piura y Cajamarca. Se proporcionan descripciones de B. ludwigii y B. parcifolia y se mapean y discuten sus distribuciones. También se presenta información sobre su taxonomía y estado de conservación.
Begonia ludwigii Irmscher and B. parcifolia C. DC. are newly recorded for the Peruvian flora, where they occur within the biodiverse Amotape-Huancabamba zone. Both species were originally considered to be endemic to Ecuador. Within Peru, B. ludwigii is reported from four populations in the Departments of Piura, Lambayeque and Cajamarca, while B. parcifolia is reported from three populations in the Departments of Tumbes, Piura and Cajamarca. Descriptions of B. ludwigii and B. parcifolia are provided and their distributions mapped and discussed. Information about their taxonomy and conservation status are also presented.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To establish a method for the determination of protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic, catechin, epicatechin and rutin in Begonia grandis Dry. Methods:The 5 active ingredients in the samples were extracted by 70% methanol and analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Chromatographic separation was performed on a Waters ACQUITY HSS T3(2. 1 mm × 100 mm, 1. 8 μm) column with gradient elution, and the mobile phase was solvent A: acetonitrile and solvent B:0. 2% glacial acetic acid (0-12 min:A:5→25 and B:95→75;12-30 min:A:25→50 and B:75→45). The effluent was monitored by a VWD detector set at 280 nm. The flow rate was set at 0. 2ml/min and the injection volume was 1μl. The column temperature was maintained at 30℃. Results:The calibration curves were all linear (r≥0. 99) over the test ranges. The average recovery was 96. 92%-99. 75%(n=6). Conclusion:The established method can rapidly obtain an accurate and reproducible result, which can be used to control the quality of Begonia grandis Dry.
ABSTRACT
Anthocyanins, derivatives of 2-phenylbenzopyryliumare are water-soluble natural pigments. Owing to extensive scientific research they have become not only the colouring food products but also therapeutic sources of bioactive compounds and continue to play role in the maintenance of human health. Begonia malabarica Lam. and Begonia rex-cultorum ‘baby rainbow’ L.H. Bailey are common ornamentals with varied leaf colour combinations were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry to determine the bioactive constituents present in the methanolic extracts of the leaves. Powdered leaf samples were subjected to Soxhlet extraction method with methanol and the extract was fractioned by GC-MS. Totally, 7 different compounds each from B. malabarica [phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z), methyl ester, 9,12,15- octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z), 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester, Spiro[furan-2(5H),2'(1'H)- naphtho[2,1-b]furan]-5-one, 3'a,4',5',5'a,6',7',8',9',9'a,9'b-decahydro-3,3'a,6',6',9'a-pentamethyl and androst-1-en-3- one, 4,4-dimethyl-, (5.alpha.)] and B. rex ‘baby rainbow’ [diethyl Phthalate, 1-(3,6,6-trimethyl-1,6,7,7atetrahydrocyclopenta[ c]pyran-1-yl) ethanone, hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, 7,10-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester, 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z), 5,9 methanobenzocycloocten-1(2H)-one,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10- octahydro-5,10-dihydroxy-3,3,7,7,9-pentamethyl and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, diisooctyl ester] were identified. All the compounds identified were medicinally proven for the treatment of various human ailments. Further studies are warranted to purify the lead molecules and to evaluate their biological properties including toxicological aspects for the development of novel drugs.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the total phenolic, flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of Begonia malabarica Lam. and Begonia floccifera Bedd. whole plant.Methods:Total phenolic content was estimated using the Folin Ciocalteu method. The flavonoid content was determined using aluminium chloride. In vitro antioxidant activities and reducing power capacity were determined using standard methods. Results: The total phenolics and flavonoids were estimated. The methanol extracts of whole plants of Begonia malabarica and Begonia floccifera showed potent in vitro antioxidant activities using various models viz, DPPH, hydroxyl, superoxide and ABTS radical scavenging activity. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that methanol extracts have potential in vitro antioxidant activity. The phytochemical phenolics and flavonoids could be the reason for its antioxidant activity.
ABSTRACT
La familia Begoniaceae es reconocida en el Perú por presentar un género, Begonia, y 76 especies (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993), mayormente hierbas. En este trabajo reconocemos 38 endemismos. La mayoría de estos taxones endémicos ocupan las regiones de Bosques Húmedos Amazónicos y Bosques Muy Húmedos Montanos y Premontanos, entre los 400 y 2500 m de altitud. Se aplicaron las categorías y criterios de la UICN a diez taxones. Aparentemente, sólo una de estas especies se encuentra representada dentro del Sistema Nacional de Áreas Naturales Protegidas por el Estado.
The Begoniaceae are represented in the Peruvian flora by 76 species in the genus Begonia (Brako & Zarucchi, 1993; Ulloa Ulloa et al., 2004), most of them herbs. Here we recognize 38 endemic taxa. We applied IUCN categories and criteria to ten of them. Most of these endemic taxa are found in Humid Lowland Amazonian Forests and Humid Montane and Premontane Forest regions, between 400 and 2500 m elevation. Only one species has been recorded to date within Peru's protected areas system.
ABSTRACT
Begonia x elatior plantlets which regenerated from leaf disk callus showed variations in plant morphology, number of flowers per plant, and flower size. Variations in flowering period, number of flowers per plant, and flower morphology were observed in Saintpaulia ionantha L. plants directly regenerated from leaf disk explants. The cytokinins, benzylaminopurine and zeatin, tested in the culture medium did not affect the basic plant characteristics including flower colour which remained stable in both species. Micropropagation of selected somaclones having the desirable trait of high number of flowers per plant was stable in the MV2 and MV3 generations.