ABSTRACT
Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of vision therapy (VT) in patients with chronic presumed refractory dry eye disease (DED) and concurrent nonstrabismic binocular vision anomalies (NSBVAs). To propose an algorithmic approach to manage patients with refractory DED. Methods: Thirty?two patients with chronic (>1 year) presumed refractory DED and NSBVA were prospectively evaluated. The baseline dry eye evaluation and comprehensive orthoptic evaluation were done. VT was administered by a trained orthoptist for 2 weeks. The binocular vision (BV) parameters and percentage subjective improvement were assessed after the VT. Results: On evaluation, 12 patients (37.5%) had both DED and NSBVA, and 20 patients (62.5%) had only NSBVA. Twenty?nine patients (90.62%) showed significant improvement in BV parameters following VT. Binocular near point of accommodation (median, range) improved from 17 (8–40) to 12 (5–26) mm (P value < 0.0001), and near point of convergence (median, range) improved from 6 (3–33) to 6 (5– 14) (P value 0.004) with VT. Thirty?one patients (96.87%) reported symptomatic improvement after VT, and 62.5% of these showed more than 50% improvement in symptoms. Conclusion: The present study confirms the beneficial role of VT in the treatment of patients with DED with concurrent NSBVA. It is essential to diagnose and treat NSBVA in patients with DED to ensure complete relief of symptoms and patient satisfaction. As there is a significant overlap between symptoms of dry eye disease and that of NSBVA, a complete orthoptic evaluation is recommended in all patients presenting with refractory dry eye disease related symptoms
ABSTRACT
@#AIM: To determine the status of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies(NSBVA)among students of a Malaysian private university uses visual display units(VDU).<p>METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students who use VDU 3h or more from January 2019 to May 2019. A convenient sampling method was utilized. All subjects had gone through primary eye-examinations to satisfy the inclusion criteria. Those who satisfy the inclusion criteria, further gone through the NSBVA assessment. The descriptive analysis was done to rule out the percentage of NSBVA and Chi-square test of independence was carried out to observe the association of NSBVA with age, gender and hours of VDU usage.<p>RESULTS: A total of 140 students including 88 females(62.9%)and 52 males(37.1%)participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 22.54±1.48 years and the mean VDU usage hours were 5.76±2.49h. The percentage of NSBVA is 40% among the students those who use VDU. The occurrence of accommodative and vergence anomalies among the VDU users is 17.86% and 22.14% respectively. There was a moderate association between gender and NSBVA(<i>P</i>=0.010). However, there was no significant association observed for age(<i>P</i>=0.334)and hours of VDU usage(<i>P</i>=0.835)with NSBVA. <p>CONCLUSION: NSBVA is 40% among the students of a Malaysian private university uses VDU. Accommodation insufficiency(15%)and convergence insufficiency(10%)is more common among all NSBVA for VDU users.
ABSTRACT
?AIM: To determine the status of non - strabismic binocular vision anomalies ( NSBVA) among students of a Malaysian private university uses visual display units ( VDU) .?METHODS: A cross- sectional study was conducted among university students who use VDU 3h or more from January 2019 to May 2019. A convenient sampling method was utilized. All subjects had gone through primary eye-examinations to satisfy the inclusion criteria. Those who satisfy the inclusion criteria, further gone through the NSBVA assessment. The descriptive analysis was done to rule out the percentage of NSBVA and Chi-square test of independence was carried out to observe the association of NSBVA with age, gender and hours of VDU usage.?RESULTS: A total of 140 students including 88 females ( 62. 9％) and 52 males ( 37. 1％) participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 22. 54 ± 1. 48 years and the mean VDU usage hours were 5. 76 ± 2. 49h. The percentage of NSBVA is 40％ among the students those who use VDU. The occurrence of accommodative and vergence anomalies among the VDU users is 17. 86％ and 22. 14％ respectively. There was a moderate association between gender and NSBVA (P=0. 010). However, there was no significant association observed for age ( P =0. 334) and hours of VDU usage ( P=0. 835) with NSBVA.?CONCLUSION:NSBVA is 40％ among the students of a Malaysian private university uses VDU. Accommodation insufficiency ( 15％) and convergence insufficiency ( 10％) is more common among all NSBVA for VDU users.
ABSTRACT
@#AIM: To determine the status of non-strabismic binocular vision anomalies(NSBVA)among students of a Malaysian private university uses visual display units(VDU).<p>METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students who use VDU 3h or more from January 2019 to May 2019. A convenient sampling method was utilized. All subjects had gone through primary eye-examinations to satisfy the inclusion criteria. Those who satisfy the inclusion criteria, further gone through the NSBVA assessment. The descriptive analysis was done to rule out the percentage of NSBVA and Chi-square test of independence was carried out to observe the association of NSBVA with age, gender and hours of VDU usage.<p>RESULTS: A total of 140 students including 88 females(62.9%)and 52 males(37.1%)participated in this study. The mean age of the participants was 22.54±1.48 years and the mean VDU usage hours were 5.76±2.49h. The percentage of NSBVA is 40% among the students those who use VDU. The occurrence of accommodative and vergence anomalies among the VDU users is 17.86% and 22.14% respectively. There was a moderate association between gender and NSBVA(<i>P</i>=0.010). However, there was no significant association observed for age(<i>P</i>=0.334)and hours of VDU usage(<i>P</i>=0.835)with NSBVA. <p>CONCLUSION: NSBVA is 40% among the students of a Malaysian private university uses VDU. Accommodation insufficiency(15%)and convergence insufficiency(10%)is more common among all NSBVA for VDU users.