ABSTRACT
Este artículo expone una revisión y una serie de reflexiones en torno al Análisis Existencial sobre el diagnóstico y la intervención psicológica en contextos escolares. Se revisaron y contrastaron las contribuciones de distintos autores representativos del modelo biomédico y del modelo bio-psico-socio-espiritual en torno a la intencionalidad del psicodiagnóstico escolar. Se discute sobre la aplicabilidad de estas propuestas (modelo biomédico y modelo bio-psico-socio-espiritual) al Análisis Existencial en los programas de ayuda a niños, niñas y adolescentes que pasan por diferentes dificultades para afrontar situaciones propias de la existencia humana que se presentan en contextos escolares.
This article summarizes some theoretical reflections about the personal and Existential Analysis on diagnosis and psychological interventions in school settings. Were reviewed and contrasted the contributions of various authors representative of the biomedical model and the bio-psycho-socio-spiritual about the intentionalities of the school psychodiagnostic. We discuss the applicability of these proposals (bio-medical model and bio-psycho-socio-spiritual) to Existential Analysis in programs to help children and young people whom throw out to different difficulties, specificly to human existence that presented in school settings.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to suggest a new model in psychiatry for understanding the psychopathology and to provide a new treatment modality. METHODS: In this paper, the author attempted to apply the concept of 'Consilience' to the field of psychiatry. Recently, the term 'Consilience' has been very popular and has been used frequently across the various academic fields. The original meaning of 'Consilience' is 'to jump (consilience) together (con). 'Consilience' was first used by William Whewell and Edward Wilson borrowed it to describe the unity of knowledge. In one word, 'Consilience' can be defined as 'to unify every field of knowledge and science to understand the human being and to improve the life of human being'. RESULTS: First, the human being by itself is the integrative being and consilient. Second, the developmental processes of psychiatry show that there are three definite developmental phases, including 'period of Consilience', 'period of diverse development', and 'reappearance of period of Consilience'. Third, in terms of historical perspective, the basic attitudes of religion have been closely associated with the basic concept of psychiatry. Finally, the treatment modalities in psychiatry show that integrative methods, including biological, psychological, social, and spiritual treatment have been applied. CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, the 'Bio-Psycho-Socio-Spiritual Model' is suggested to apply the concept of 'Consilience' to the field of psychiatry.