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This paper showed bioprinted HepG2 tumor tissues used for studying the sonodynamic anticancer activity of chlorine e6 (Ce6). HepG2 cells were printed by using alginate/gelatin/hydroxyethyl cellulose composite biomaterial as bio ink and cell viability was detected with Live-Dead assay and MTT proliferation. The ultrasonic intensities of self-built micro ultrasonic device under different powers were estimated by using the temperature change caused by the conversion of acoustic energy to heat energy. Ce6 of 14.3 and 28.6 μg·mL-1 were acted on two-dimensional cultured and three-dimensional printed HepG2 cells, and the antitumor activity of Ce6 was detected by MTT method with ultrasound intensity of 0.15 W·cm2 for 60 s. The results showed that the activities of bioprinted HepG2 cells were as high as 95%, and tumor microspheres were formed after 7 days of culture. The ultrasound intensity was lower than 3 W·cm2, which belonged to low ultrasound intensity and had no damage to normal hepatocyte LO2 cells. By comparing the antitumor activity of Ce6 on 2D cultured and printed HepG2 cells, it was found that the anticancer activity of Ce6 on bioprinted HepG2 cells was 63.4% lower than that on 2D culture cells, indicating the acoustic drug resistance of three-dimensional tumor model. Bioprinted tumor tissues show the potential in the application of in vitro activity evaluation models for sonodynamic therapy.
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@#Tissue engineering aims to restore lost, damaged, diseased or defective tissues in the human body using engineered or regenerated products. The advancement of tissue engineering has given a promising opportunity for better clinical practice in treating dental patients especially in the fields of endodontic, bone and periodontal tissue as well as whole tooth regeneration. In this review, we briefly summarise the possible selection criteria of scaffolds for potential tissue engineering applications in dentistry. Biochemical and physical properties, as well as scaffolding approaches involved in the selection of an ideal scaffold for dental tissue engineering, are also discussed in this review. This review also discussed major applications of tissue engineering in the dentistry field, which can create a paradigm for future studies of tissue regeneration by using selected cells and scaffolds as an alternative treatment in dentistry.
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O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever uma técnica cirúrgica de regeneração óssea guiada (ROG) para aumento horizontal de rebordo, na qual foram utilizados membrana de PTFE associado ao L-PRF e enxerto ósseo particulado, em conjunto com o I-PRF. A ROG tem como finalidade recuperar as estruturas ósseas perdidas após a remodelação tecidual decorrente de exodontias. A utilização de membranas de d-PTFE permite a manutenção do espaço para a maturação do enxerto ósseo. O L-PRF atua como fonte de fatores de crescimento e leucócitos, estimulando simultaneamente, e de forma sincronizada, a neoformação óssea e a maturação do tecido gengival. A técnica descrita é mais uma alternativa disponível como opção para reconstrução de rebordos alveolares atróficos.
The aim of this article is to describe a surgical technique of guided bone regeneration (GBR) for horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation in which PTFE barriers are used in association with L-PRF and particulated bone graft associated to I-PRF. The objective of GBR is reconstructing missed bone structures after tissue remodelling due to teeth removal. The use of d-PTFE barrier allows space maintenance for bone graft maturation. L-PRF acts as source of growth factor and leukocytes stimulating synchronized and simultaneous bone neoformation and gingival tissue maturation. The described technique is another available alternative as an option to restore atrophic alveolar ridge.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Alveolar Ridge Augmentation , Biocompatible Materials , Bone and Bones , Bone Regeneration , Bone Transplantation/methods , HeterograftsABSTRACT
Para a reabilitação de espaços edêntulos, o tratamento de escolha na maioria dos casos é a reabilitação com implantes, mas nem sempre é possível executar esse tratamento devido às limitações anatômicas como, por exemplo, a reabsorção óssea que pode ocorrer após a extração dos dentes. Isso leva à utilização de técnicas de enxerto ósseo, sendo que nesse procedimento podem ser utilizados osso autógeno, biomateriais ou a associação de ambos. Os avanços clínicos, com a utilização de substitutos ósseos alógenos, xenógenos e aloplásticos, levam a considerar essas opções como válidas para o processo de reparo tecidual, devido à ausência de reabsorção em volume, ao sítio cirúrgico unitário e ao melhor pós-operatório. Visando acelerar a neoformação óssea, tem sido pesquisada a influência de células sanguíneas em biomateriais aplicados no corpo humano, como o de plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP), seguido da segunda geração de agregados de plaquetas, fibrina rica em plaquetas (PRFf). O PRF é constituído em medula óssea de megacariócitos (grande núcleo celular), plaquetas são estruturas discoidais e anucleares. Tem uma vida útil de 8 a 10 dias e o citoplasma contém muitos grânulos, cujos conteúdos são secretados no momento da ativação, α-grânulos contêm muitas proteínas, específicas de plaquetas ou não específicas de plaquetas. Contudo, desgranulação também implica a liberação de citocinas capazes de estimular a migração e proliferação de células no interior da matriz de fibrina, lançando as primeiras fases de cicatrização.
For rehabilitation of edentulous spaces rehabilitation, the treatment of choice in most cases is the rehabilitation with dental implants. however that approach is not always possible to perform due to anatomical limitations such as bone reabsorption after tooth extraction. Such cases require bone grafting techniques that may be performed using autogenous bone, biomaterials or a combination of both. Clinical improvements with the use of allogeneic, xenogenous and alloplastic bone substitutes indicate that those are valid options for the tissue repair process due to lack of volume reabsorption, the surgical site unit and the best postoperative results. To accelerate bone formation, it has been investigated the influence of blood cells on biomaterials applied to the human body, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP), followed by the second generation of platelet aggregates, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). The PRF consists of megakaryocytes bone marrow (large cell nucleus), platelets are discoidal and anuclear structures. It has a life span of 8 to 10 days, and the cytoplasm contains many granules which contents are secreted at the time of activation, α-granules contain many specific or non specific platelets proteins. however, degranulation also the releases of involves which are able to stimulate the migration and proliferation of cells within the fibrin matrix, releasing the early stages of cicatrization.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Bone Regeneration , Bone Transplantation/statistics & numerical data , Fibrin , Sinus Floor AugmentationABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction The implantable devices are having enormous market. These products are basically made by traditional manufacturing process, but for the custom-made implants Incremental Sheet Forming is a paramount alternative. Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) is a manufacturing process to form intricate, asymmetrical components. It forms the component using stretching and bending by maintaining materials crystal structure. SPIF process can be performed using conventional Computer Numerical Control (CNC) milling machine. Review This review paper elaborates the various manufacturing processes carried on various biocompatible metallic and nonmetallic customised implantable devices. Conclusion Ti-6Al-4V alloy is broadly used for biomedical implants, but in this alloy, Vanadium is toxic so this alloy is not compatible for implants. The attention of researchers is towards the non toxic and suitable biocompatible materials. For this reason, a novel approach was developed in order to enhance the mechanical properties of this material. . The development of incremental forming technique can improve the formability of existing alloys and may meet the current strict requirements for performance of dies and punches.
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Paciente do sexo masculino, 54 anos de idade, leucoderma, compareceu a uma clínica privada para tratamento odontológico. Na anamnese, verificou-se tratar de um paciente saudável sistemicamente; os exames clínico e radiográfico demonstraram reabsorção dos terços apical e médio da raiz do dente 21. A opção de tratamento foi a realização da extração do elemento dentário e realização de implante imediato com carga tardia, utilizando-se o dente do próprio paciente como provisório fixado aos dentes vizinhos. O paciente foi informado sobre os detalhes das fases pré-, trans- e pós-cirúrgica, e autorizou a execução do tratamento e da documentação fotográfica com fins de publicação e divulgação. A utilização de periótomo foi necessária para uma exodontia atraumática. Após remoção atraumática da raiz, e com o osso alveolar remanescente preservado, optou-se por realizar a instalação imediata do implante (Neodent, Curitiba/PR, Brasil), com formato cônico e encaixe cone morse. O espaço alvéolo- implante foi preenchido com Bio-Oss®; removeu-se do palato um enxerto conjuntivo subeptelial, rotacionado para vestibular, e fez-se a obliteração do alvéolo nessa fase, é importante garantir a imobilidade do enxerto, para sua revascularização. Passou-se, então, à fase protética do provisório, utilizando a coroa do elemento extraído como provisório e estabelecendo um pôntico, afixado com resina composta nos elementos 11 e 22. Assim, após a etapa de provisório utilizando o pôntico reembasado com resina composta, começou-se a confecção da coroa protética final. Após acompanhamento de três anos do caso, foi possível concluir que a associação das técnicas obteve resultados estéticos previsíveis e satisfatórios para a prevenção da saúde peri-implantar, conforme planejado...
A male, 54‐year‐old, Caucasian patient attended a private clinic for dental treatment. Hismedical history revealed a systemically healthy patient. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed resorption in the apical and middle thirds of tooth 21 root. A treatment option was to perform extraction of tooth 21 and implant placement with late loading, using patient's own tooth as a provisional secured to adjacent teeth. The patient was made aware of the details before, during and after surgery, and authorized the implementation of treatment and photographic documentation for purposes of publication and dissemination. The use of Periotome was required for atraumatic extraction. After atraumatic removal of the root, andwith the remaining alveolar bone being preserved, we chose to perform immediate implantplacement (Neodent‐Curitiba‐PR, Brazil). The implant was of conical shape and of the MorseTaper type. The alveolar‐implant space was filled with Bio‐Oss®, subepithelial connective graftwas harvested from the palate, with buccal rotation, and alveolar obliteration was carried out. At this stage, it is important to ensure graft immobility for vascularization. Subsequently, the prosthetic phase was carried out with the crown of the extracted tooth used as a temporary tooth, establishing a provisional pontic secured to between teeth 11 and 22 with compositeresin. Accordingly, after the temporary tooth phase with a pontic secured with composite resin, the final prosthetic crown was manufactured. After a three‐year follow‐up, we conclude that the combination of techniques yielded predictable and satisfactory outcomes for themaintenance of peri‐implant health, as planned ...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Biocompatible Materials , Dental Implants, Single-Tooth , Dental Prosthesis Design , Gingiva/transplantation , Tooth Extraction/methods , Immediate Dental Implant Loading , Tooth Mobility/complications , Root Resorption/complicationsABSTRACT
Uma das preocupações do cirurgião-dentista após a colocação de implantes ou de biomateriais para enxertia óssea é a exposição à cavidade bucal. Essa exposição pode causar insucesso da enxertia por infecção no sítio operado. As alternativas utilizadas para proteção desse material são o tecido conjuntivo e as membranas aloplásticas. Objetivo: o objetivo desse trabalho é apresentaruma alternativa para proteção desses materiais após sua instalação, utilizando o coágulo de fibrina rica em plaquetas (PRF) como barreira de proteção. Métodos: o paciente foi submetido a exodontia com instalação imediata de implante dentário, além de instalação de biomaterial para enxertia óssea entreo implante e a parede do alvéolo dentário, seguida da adaptação da membrana do coágulo de fibrina sobre o pilar protético, para posterior adaptação da prótese provisória. Resultados: durante o período de cicatrização da ferida cirúrgica, o paciente não apresentou qualquer reação adversa. Conclusão: foi possível concluir que é possível utilizar o PRF como barreira protetora de biomateriais para enxertiaóssea em instalação de implantes dentários com carga imediata...
One of the main concerns shared by dental surgeons after implant orbone graft biomaterial placement is the exposure to the oral cavity, which might lead to bone graft failure due to surgical site infection. The alternatives used to protect these types of materialare connective tissue and alloplastic membranes. Objective: the aim of this study is to present an alternative to protect these types of material after placement, using platelet-rich fibrin clot(PRF) as a protection barrier. Methods: patient was subject to extraction with immediate implant placement, associated with bone graft biomaterial between the implant and the alveolar wall, followed by fibrin membrane clot fitting over the prosthetic abutment for further adaptation of a provisional prosthesis. Results: during healing of the surgical wound, the patient did not present any adverse reactions. Conclusion: it is possible to use PRF as a protection barrier for bone graftbiomaterial used during placement of immediate-loaded dental implants...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Biocompatible Materials , Bone Transplantation , Fibrin , Immediate Dental Implant Loading , Denture, Partial, Temporary , Surgery, Oral , Tooth SocketABSTRACT
Com a finalidade de correção de defeitos ósseos, diversos materiais sintéticos têm sido utilizados, entre os quais está o sulfato de cálcio. Objetivo: o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar, in vitro, a bioatividade do sulfato de cálcio em fluido corpóreo simulado (SBF). Métodos: quatro corpos de prova foram preparados em matrizes de policloreto de vinila (PVC) circulares, misturando-se o sulfato de cálcio nas proporções de líquido/pó recomendadas pelo fabricante, com água destilada. As amostras ficaram imersas em 50ml de SBF, a 36,5ºC, por até 21 dias, sendo que a solução foi renovada a cada três dias. A bioatividade foi verificada por meio de Espectroscopia no Infravermelho por Transformada de Fourier (FTIR). Resultados: no teste de bioatividade in vitro, a análise por FTIR detectou a presença de apatita sobre o substrato de sulfato de cálcio, demonstrando tratar-se de um material bioativo. Além disso, foi observada uma redução expressiva do tamanho da amostra vinculada ao processo de reabsorção. Conclusão: dentro das limitações do estudo, pode-se concluir que o sulfato de cálcio é um material bioativo e rapidamente reabsorvido...
Several types of synthetic material have been used to correct bone defects, among which is calcium sulfate. Objective: the present in vitro study aimed at assessing the bioactivityof calcium sulfate in simulated body fluid (SBF). Methods: four specimens were prepared in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) circle matrices by mixing calcium sulfate with distilled water, as recommended by the manufacturer. Samples were immersed in 50 ml of SBF, at 36.5 ºC, for no longer than 21 days. The solutionwas renewed every three days. Bioactivity was assessed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Results: The in vitro bioactivity test, carried out by means of FTIR analysis, revealed the presence of apatite formation over calcium sulfate substrate, thereby proving it to be a bioactive material. In addition, there was significant reduction in the size of the sample, which was associated with the process of resorption. Conclusion: within the limitations of the present study, it is reasonable to conclude that calcium sulfate is a bioactive material which is quickly absorbed...
Subject(s)
Bone Substitutes , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Calcium Sulfate/therapeutic use , Biocompatible Materials , Materials TestingABSTRACT
A reabilitação de pacientes edêntulos com implantes dentários depende de adequado suporte ósseo, a região posterior de maxila muitas vezes apresenta quantidade de tecido ósseoinsuficiente, sendo necessária cirurgia para levantamento do seio maxilar e utilização de um enxerto. Existem diversos materiais disponíveis, de forma que a escolha deve se basear em características do paciente e do material. O objetivo deste trabalho é relatar dois casos clínicos em quefoi realizada cirurgia para levantamento de seio maxilar bilateralmente, utilizando os substitutos ósseos Bio-Oss® e Lumina-Porous®. Dois pacientes com edentulismo total de maxila foram submetidos à cirurgia de levantamento de seio maxilar, bilateralmente, sendo empregados os substitutos ósseos Bio-Oss® no lado direito, e Lumina-Porous® no lado esquerdo. Depois de seis meses,a partir de um planejamento protético prévio, foi realizada a instalação de oito implantes para reabilitação com prótese fixa maxilar. Não foram observadas diferenças quanto às complicações trans e pós-operatórias ou travamento inicial dos implantes. Ambos os materiais apresentaram manutenção do volume adquirido durante a cirurgia. Apesar da utilização do Bio-Oss estar bem estabelecida na literatura, o Lumina-Porous não apresenta o mesmo nível de evidência científica,de forma que são necessários mais estudos sobre esse material.
Oral rehabilitation of edentulous patients with dental implants depends on proper quantity of bone. The posterior maxilla often has an insufficient amount of bone that require sinus augmentation surgery associated with bone graft. There are several types of material available and which can be used as bone grafts. The choice of material should be based on patients and materials characteristics. Objective: The objective of this study is to report two cases in which sinus augmentation bilateral surgery was performed using two bone substitutes: Bio-Oss and Lumina-Porous. Methods: Two patients with edentulous maxilla underwent surgery for maxillary sinus augmentation using Bio-Oss on the right side and Lumina-Porous on the left side. Six months later, after previous implant planning, eight implants were surgically installed for maxillary rehabilitation with fixed denture. Results: No differences were found regarding complications duringand after surgery or insertion torque of dental implants. Both types of material showed maintenance of the acquired bone volume as a result of surgery. Although the use of Bio-Oss is wellestablished in the literature, this is not true for Lumina-Porous. This heterologous graft does not present the same level of scientific evidence, therefore, additional studies are warranted to further investigate this material.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Biocompatible Materials , Dental Implantation , Sinus Floor Augmentation , Maxillary Sinus/surgery , BrazilABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the in vitro biological safety of acellular spinal cord scaffold so as to provide theoretical basis for constructing the ideal tissue engineering scaffold of spinal cord.Methods A piece of thoracic spinal cord for 2 cm removed from SD rats was harvested and then was treated by freezing and thawing and chemical extraction with 3% sodium deoxyeholate and 1 KU/ml DNaseI and RNaseA. Gross observation and histological examination of the acellular spinal cord scaffold were carried out to learn the condition of the extracellular matrix scaffold. The biological safety of the acellular spinal cord scaffold was evaluated. Results In cross section, network of the extracellular matrix was presented in the scaffold. The cells, myelin and axons disappeared after the spinal cord was treated with sodium deoxycholate, DNaseI and RNaseA. Typical network of empty tubes were viewed in longitudinal sections. General toxic reaction, pyrogen test, hemolysis test and cytotoxicity test were conforming to the standard of materials. Conclusion As neotype tissue engineering material, the acellular spinal cord scaffold has satisfactory biological safety.
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Objetivo Avaliar comparativamente, por meio de morfometria, a resposta tecidual óssea em ratos a dois tipos de Agregado de Trióxido Mineral: cinza e branco. Métodos Utilizaram-se 16 ratos, machos, adultos, da variedade Wistar, para implantes de Agregado de Trióxido Mineral em falhas ósseas nas tíbias. Na pata esquerda implantouse o Agregado de Trióxido Mineral cinza e, na direita, o branco; outros 16 animais foram utilizados como controle. Ao final de duas, quatro, oito e 16 semanas pósimplante foram retiradas amostras de tecido para análises morfológica e morfométrica. As lâminas histológicas coradas em Hematoxilina e Eosina foram analisadas histomorfometricamente pelo software TPS Dig 1.38. Os resultados foram tratados estatisticamente por ANOVA seguido do teste de Tukey (p<0,05). Resultados O Agregado de Trióxido Mineral foi evidenciado somente na região do periósteo e tecido conjuntivo frouxo adjacente. Não se observou Agregado de Trióxido Mineral na matriz óssea. Na região da fratura, observou-se proliferação osteoblástica e formação de osso primário nos mesmos padrões e proporções daqueles observados nos animais do grupo controle. Na região do periósteo, não se evidenciou nenhum tipo de infiltrado celular que pudesse indicar o processo inflamatório. Não se observou deposição anormal de fibras colágenas ou vasos neoformados em quantidades significativas. Morfometricamente não houve diferenças significativas entre os dois tipos de Agregado de Trióxido Mineral. Conclusão Os dois tipos de Agregado de Trióxido Mineral não interferiram significativamente no processo de regeneração da falha óssea, mostrando-se, nas condições experimentais utilizadas, compatíveis com os tecidos ósseos
Objective The objective of this study is to use morphometry to compare rat bone tissue response to two types of mineral trioxide aggregate: gray and white. Methods Mineral trioxide aggregate was implanted in tibial bone defects of 16 adult, male Wistar rats. Gray mineral trioxide aggregate was implanted in the left hind leg and white in the right hind leg. Another 16 animals were used as controls. Tissue samples were collected for morphologic and morphometric analyses 2, 4, 6, 8 and 16 weeks after the implant. The histological slides were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed with the software TPS Dig 1.38. The results were analyzed statistically using ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (p<0.05). Results The mineral trioxide aggregate was evidenced only in the periosteal region and adjacent soft connective tissue. Mineral trioxide aggregate was not found in the bone matrix. Osteoblast proliferation and formation of primary bone in the fracture region occurred in the same patterns and proportions as those of the control animals. No type of cell infiltrate was observed in the periosteal region that could indicate an inflammatory process. Abnormal deposition of collagen fibers or significant amounts of newly formed vessels was also not observed. Morphometrically, there were no significant ifferences between the two types of mineral trioxide aggregate. Conclusion The two types of mineral trioxide aggregate did not interfere significantly with the bone regeneration process, thus they were compatible with the bone tissues in the experimental conditions used
Subject(s)
Humans , Analysis of Variance , Biocompatible Materials , Bone and Bones , Bone Regeneration , Eosine Yellowish-(YS) , Hematoxylin , Prostheses and Implants , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
[Objective]To investigate a method of in vitro preparation and separation for metallic wear particles around joint prosthesis,and evaluate its feasibility in medical experiments of prosthetic loosening.[Method]Metallic wear particles were made around joint prosthesis by vacuum ball mill in vitro.Particle size,size distribution,chemical composition and shape were characterized by element trace analysis,laser countersizer,scanning electron microscopy.Metal particles were co-cultured with RAW264.7 cells,and its cytotoxicity was detected.[Result]Metal particles made by vacuum ball mill in vitro was similar to particles extracted in vivo(