ABSTRACT
Objective:To screen aberrant DNA methylation sites associated with melanoma using gene chip technology, and to preliminarily construct a melanoma-specific methylation profile.Methods:The Illumina Human Methylation 450K whole-genome methylation chip was used to detect the whole-genome DNA in 6 melanoma tissues and their paralesional skin tissues, and DNA differentially methylated sites were obtained. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) -based pathway analysis were carried out to investigate gene functions.Results:Gene chip testing showed that there were 27 779 differentially methylated sites between melanoma tissues and paralesional tissues, of which 16 673 were hypermethylated sites and 11 106 were hypomethylated sites in melanoma tissues. According to more stringent screening criteria " P < 0.01 and |Δβ| > 0.2", a total of 4 883 differentially methylated sites were screened out after filtering out all single nucleotide polymorphism-related probes, probes located on the XY chromosomes and cross-reactive probes, 1 459 (30%) of which were located in the promoter region including TSS1500, TSS200, 5′UTR and 1st Exon. GO enrichment analysis showed that differentially methylated genes were involved in many biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, movement and migration, signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, etc. KEGG-based pathway analysis showed that differentially methylated genes were mainly involved in signaling pathways, such as focal adhesion pathway, cancer pathways, transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway, phosphatidylinositol signaling pathway, melanogenesis pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, adhesion junction pathway, calcium signaling pathway, cell adhesion molecule pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway. Based on the criteira "the top 16 most differentially methylated genes related to hypermethylated sites in the promoter region, the genes with the highest methylation frequency (CpG sites ≥ 7) , the genes with certain functions or involved in a certain signaling pathway", 8 genes (KAAG1, DGKE, SOCS2, TFAP2A, GNMT, GALNT3, ANK2 and HOXA9) were selected as candidate biomarkers for melanoma. Conclusion:There are many hypermethylated genes in melanoma tissues, and 8 differentially methylated genes may serve as biomarkers for melanoma.
ABSTRACT
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major component of the cellular microenvironment.ECM not only provides physical support for cells, hut also participates in various biological processes.In recent years, hundreds of cancer-related ECM (C-ECM) genes have been identified, and some of them can he used as biomarkers.However, rich information about C-ECM genes is scattered among thousands of publications, and there is no systematic summary of their role in tumorigenesis.Here, we present the CECMAtlas (http://biokb.ncpsb.org.cn/CECMAtlas/), a database which collects 225 C-ECM genes and the information of biological processes that they participate in through literature mining and manual curation.This database will contribute to the study of the mechanism of tumorigenesis and possible clinical application.
ABSTRACT
TP53 gene has been found to have the highest correlation with human tumors, and its mutations occurr in about 50% malignant tumors. Its encoded p53 protein is a well-known tumor-suppressor factor in vivo, which is closely related to tumorigenesis. It is found that tumorigenesis has a close relationship with various abnormal biological processes, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, cell senescence, autophagy, metabolic regulation. This paper reviews the complex network relationship between p53 protein and tumorigenesis from biological processes affecting the tumorigenesis.
ABSTRACT
TP53 gene has been found to have the highest correlation with human tumors, and its mutations occurr in about 50％ malignant tumors. Its encoded p53 protein is a well-known tumor-suppressor factor in vivo, which is closely related to tumorigenesis. It is found that tumorigenesis has a close relationship with various abnormal biological processes, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, cell senescence, autophagy, metabolic regulation. This paper reviews the complex network relationship between p53 protein and tumorigenesis from biological processes affecting the tumorigenesis.
ABSTRACT
Epithelial mesenchymal transition is a kind of important pathophysiological phenomenon,which refers to a biological processe that epithelial cell turns into another cell with mesenchymal phenotype undergoing a specific procedure.Once the tumor cell acquires mesenchymal cell molecular phenotype,it will enable stationary epithelial cells to gain the ability to migrate and invade as single cells,being easy to break away from the original tumor and move to the distal organs with blood flow.The occurrence of epithelial mesenchymal transition involves a variety of signal transduction pathways,which relates to inducing factors,transcription factors and so on.The occurrence and development of breast cancer is influenced by many factors and many signal transduction pathways.In recent years,the research of tumor suppressor and tumor resistance is more extensive.In this paper,a review of epithelial mesenchymal transition related signaling pathways in breast cancer is presented.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo del trabajo es evaluar los resultados clínicos, funcionales y radiográficos en el tratamiento con cirugía mínimamente invasiva (MIPO) para las fracturas de la diáfisis humeral, el trabajo fue diseñado bajo la modalidad de serie clínica, del tipo prospectivo, realizado en el Hospital Coromoto durante diciembre del 2007 a enero del 2009, con una población de 11 fracturas de la diáfisis humeral, a los cuales se les realizó técnica MIPO con placas LCP de 4,5 fijada en la anterior de la diáfisis humeral, los resultados se manejaron de acuerdo a las escuelas de valoración de la UCLA para el hombro y de la Clínica de Mayo para el codo (MEPS), obteniendo 82 por ciento de excelentes y 18 por ciento de buenos resultados según la escala de la UCLA, y 73 por ciento de excelentes y 27 por ciento de buenos resultados según la escala MEPS, no se obtuvieron resultados regulares y/o malos tampoco lesiones iatrogénicas del N. radial, no hubo revisiones quirúrgicas ni casos de seudoartrosis, tampoco fallas del implante. La cirugía MIPO es una alternativa segura y eficaz que se corresponde con los nuevos conceptos biológicos.
Evaluate clinical outcomes, functional and radiological treatment minimally invasive surgery (MIPO) for fractures of the humeral diaphysis, the work was designed in the form of clinical series, conducted in a prospective Coromoto Hospital during december 2007 to january 2009, with a population of 11 fractures of the humeral diaphysis, which plate LCP 4.5 set in the front of the humeral diaphysis, the results will be handled according to the assessment scales at UCLA for the men the Mayo Clinic for the elbow, getting 82 percent and 18 percent excellent success according to the scale of UCLA an 73 percent excellent and 27 percent of good performance as the scale of the Mayo Clinic, were not iatrogenic injuries of the N. radio, there was no case of surgical revisions pseudoarthrosis or failure of the implant. Minimally invasive surgery for percutaneous techniques is a safe and effective alternative tha corresponds to new biological concepts.