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Skeletal musculoskeletal disorders which are the focus of osteology are characterized by“structural disorders and functional disability”. How to maximize the restoration of musculoskeletal function at the minimum cost is the goal of osteology. With the innovation of treatment concept and technology，orthopedic biomimetic treatment technique represented by artificial bone and joint replacement has gradually replaced the previous bone and joint fusion surgery and become a new breakthrough in the treatment of musculoskeletal system diseases. By reviewing the development history of biomimetic and on the basis of the original biomimetic medicine，the author puts forward a new concept of orthopaedic bionic treatment（OBT），and expounds its connotation and development in order to explore a new direction to solve the problems of orthopedic treatment. The continuous development of OBT will drive fundamental changes in the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases. The combination of OBT “biomimetic alternative therapy”and“biomimetic natural therapy” will achieve “anatomical reconstruction” and “functional recovery” of skeletal muscle system.
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Bionics came into being with the development of science and technology. Its content is mainly to imitate the characteristics of biology to design machinery or equipment from an engineering perspective to solve a series of needs in people's production and life. It has been widely applied in many fields such as military and medical areas. Based on the wide discussion of bionics, bionic science and orthopedic bionic therapy, the authors put forward a new concept of spinal trauma bionic therapy(STBT) and expound its concept and connotation, so as to provide a new idea for overcoming the difficulty in treatment of spinal trauma.
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Objective To explore the efficacy of biomimetic physiotherapy in preventing adhesions and promote endometrial repair and growth after Transcervical resection of adhesions ( TCRA) . Methods A prospective case-control study method, from January 2016 to May 2017 in Hunan Maternal and Child Health Hospital underwent TCRA in 92 patients were randomly divided into study (45 cases) and control (47 cases) groups. The patients in the study group were treated with biomimetic therapy after TCRA, and were treated with artificial cycles. Three menstrual cycles were treated continuously. The control group was treated with hormone artificial cycle. The menstrual recovery, ovulation endometrium thickness, uterine ar-tery blood flow resistance index ( RI) and second-look hysteroscopy were observed and compared between two groups before and after 1 course of treatment. Results After 1 course of treatment, the efficiency of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group (P<0. 05), and the cure rate of the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0. 05 ) . The endometrial thickness of the study group were increased significantly after ovulation (P<0. 05). The uterine artery blood flow resistance was decreased significantly after treatment in the study group (P<0. 05). Conclusions Bionic physiother-apy can improve pelvic circulation, promote endometrial growth, and prevent the formation of adhesions after TCRA to a certain extent.
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Objective To explore the effect of bionic urine bags on dysuria in stroke patients and improve the effect of bladder function training. Methods Forty patients with urinary incontinence were selected and randomly divided into control group (n=46) and observation group (n=44) by random number table. The patients in the control group were treated with Kangwei anti-reflux urine bags and the urine was discharged every 3 hours at daytime, once every 4 hours at night. The patients in the experimental group were treated with OT-U bionic urine bags for drainage urine, the threshold of urine bag pressure set:when the bladder pressure reached more than 35cm H2O, the bladder urine flowed into the urine bag. The two groups were compared in view of catheter catheterization time, urination after urination time, self-urination, re-intubation rate, urine overflow, urinary tract infection. Results The duration of indwelling catheters in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The rates of re-intubation and urinary tract infection were significantly lower as well (P<0.05). Conclusion Biomimetic urine bag can effectively promote the training of bladder function, shorten the time of indwelling catheter and reduce the occurrence of urinary tract infection after extubation.
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Objective To discuss the application effect of zero OT-U type bionics urine bag in neurology critically ill patients to reduce the indwelling catheterization complications. Methods A total of 50 cases of critically ill patients with indwelling catheter were chosen from July 2014 to May 2015. They were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 25 cases in each group according to the time of admission. The control group used common urine bags and the experimental group adopted bionics urine bag. The excessive urine, urinary tract infection, incontinence associated dermatitis, the time with indwelling urinary catheter,replacing the urine tube to urinate in two groups were compared. Results The rate of excessive urine, urinary tract infection, incontinence associated dermatitis and the time with indwelling urinary catheter in the experimental group were 12%(3/25), 4%(1/25), 32%(8/25) and (10.120 ±3.295) days, while the results were 84%(21/25), 48%(12/25), 80%(20/25) and (28.040±9.480) days in the control group, the differences were different (χ2=27.931,7.741, 7.018, t=8.927, P<0.01). The cases of voluntary micturition, induced micturition and secondary catheterization were 17, 5 and 3, and the results in the control group were 3, 12 and 10, the differences were were different ( χ2=16.452, P < 0.01). Conclusions The zero OT-U type bionics urine bag has a bigger superiority in reducing the related complications in neurology critically ill patients with indwelling catheter. At the same time , the zero OT-U type bionics urine bag reduced the patient's pain, improved the family satisfaction and reduced the pressure on care and treatment.
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Objective To investigate the remineralizing therapy of deep caries and in vitro biomimetic remineralization of demineralized dentin by phosphorylated chitosan/amorphous calcium phosphate compound (P-chi/ACP) and tripolyphosphate (TPP). Methods Thirty-two extracted human molars were cut and completely demineralized. Two samples were used to show the characteristics by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The other 30 samples were divided into two groups:fifteen samples were treated by P-chi/ACP and TPP (P-chi/ACP+TPP group), the other fifteen samples were not treated by TPP (P-chi/ACP group). All of the samples were distinguished into experimental side and control side, and then they were set on the in vitro model for 1 week. Micro-computed tomography (μCT) and TEM were used to assess the effects of remineralization. Results μCT detection revealed that the mineral density were higher in the experimental sides (125.42±12.16 and 119.39±8.64) than that of control sides (96.96±10.56 and 105.27±9.42) in both groups (P＜0.01). TEM figures showed that hierarchical intrafibrillar remineralization was realized in samples of P-chi/ACP+TPP group, while trace amounts of hierarchical remineralization was detected in P-chi/ACP group. Conclusion Fully demineralized dentin appears to have the potential to be remineralized with the application of P-chi/ACP. The ultrastructure of samples is better in P-chi/ACP+TPP group than that of P-chi/ACP group.
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Objective To design a kind of bionic drag reduction needle and investigate its mechanism of painless injection. Methods Based on the analysis of mosquito's mouthpart structure, two types of bionic drag reduction injector needles, sawtooth needle and stripe needle, were designed with the painless feature as mosquito's blood-sucking action. The injection processes of normal smooth needle and two bionic drag reduction injector needles were simulated by using explicit kinetic software LS-DYNA, and analyzed the pain-relief mechanism of bionic drag reduction needles. Results Through contrast and analysis on the stress contour, internal energy curves and resistance curves of both the smooth needle and bionic needles during the puncturing process in soft tissue, the bionic needle was found to have obvious drag reduction effects. The drag reduction rate of the saw-tooth needle and stripe needle was 23.48% and 31.57%, respectively. Conclusions The bionic needles can minimize the friction resistance to achieve the painless injection by drag reduction, and its effect is determined by the structure and shape of the bionic needle.
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The intracellular calcium signaling, which is modulated by the microenvironment of cells, is closely related to the cell's self renewal, differentiation, proliferation, and its apoptosis. The study on the quantitative modulation of the intracellular calcium signals could not only help to understand the dynamic behavior of such kind of signaling, but also play a significant role in the control of cell fate, simulation of cell behavior and bionics of cellular biological systems. This paper briefly reviewed the progress on the quantitative modulation of intracellular calcium signals induced by shear flow, including (1) experimental phenomena and the associated mechanisms of shear flow activated intracellular calcium response; (2) mathematical modeling and simulation of the intracellular calcium response induced by shear flow; (3) feedback control of the intracellular calcium signals by shear flow.
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Recently, a novel painless microneedle technology has been developed for transdermal drug delivery, which is believed to be widely applied in clinical therapies. In this review, the development history and current situation of the microneedle technology were first introduced with analysis on existing problems of artificial microneedles. Then, the present researches on biomicroneedles were introduced with discussion on the differences between the artificial micorneedles and biomicroneedles. Due to the limitation of present manufacturing technology, artificial microneedles can not realize such wonderful micro/nanostructures as biomicroneedles and an optimal design as biomicroneedle materials. Moreover, there are differences between the biomicroneedls and artificial microneedles in their penetrating manners. Artificial microneedles can not realize the active control during the penetrating process to reduce the penetrating force. To be as perfect as biomicroneedles, there still exist many problems for artificial microneedles to solve.
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Objective To evaluate the static viscoelastic properties of the porous gradient UHMWPE material by the creep, stress relaxation and creep recovery tests. Method The porous gradient UHMWPE material was prepared by the template leaching (T-L) method. The porous structure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the porosity and pore distribution of porous layer were measured by a pressure mercury analyzer. The creep, stress relaxation and creep recovery properties were tested by the experimental determination of flat indentation. Results The porous layer of T-L UHMWPE was well bonded with the substrate material. With the increase of NaCl content, the porosity and pore size distribution scope improved clearly. Creep deformation and modulus presented a nonlinear increase with time and the stress and modulus of stress relaxation showed a nonlinear decrease with time. The buffering capacity for impact loads of porous gradient UHMWPE was significantly higher than the compact UHMWPE. Experimental results showed that the creep recovery properties of the reasonable porosity of U50 and U60 samples were almost similar to the compact UHMWPE material. But the higher porosity caused the increase of the plastic deformation. Conclusions The porous structure of UHMWPE effectively increased the elastic property and strain response sensitivity, which may be beneficial to improve the lubrication of frictional contact surfaces and reduce the wear of artificial joints.
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@#ObjectiveTo observe the effect of bionics pulsed electromagnetic fields (BEMF) on the biomechanical property of ovariectomized Wistar rats.MethodsForty 6 month old female Wistar rats were randomly divided into four different groups: ovariectomy group (group A), sham operation group (group B), BEMF+ovariectomized group (group C) and estrogen+ovariectomized group (group D). All rats were subjected to bilateral ovariectomy except group B. 8 weeks after operation, rats of group D were given estrogen 0.5 mg/kg/2 w. Rats of group C were exposed to BEMF, 1 h /d. Rats of group A and B were given nothing as control groups. All treatments was being kept for 10 weeks. After treatments finished, measuring the biomechanical property of femur and lumbar spine.ResultsThere were significant differences in the biomechanical property between group D and group A, and group C and group A (P<0.05).ConclusionBEMF can improve the biomechanical property of ovariectomized Wistar rats significantly and increase the capability of resisting fracture significantly.
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Objective To study the protective effect of bionics-pulsed electromagnetic field (BEMF) on the biomechanical property of the bones of Wistar rats. Methods Thirty-two 3-month-old female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n=8 in each group). The 8 rats of group A (the control) were treated normally and received injections of saline in the same amount of drugs for the rats of other 3 groups. The rats of group B received injections of desamethasone (1 mg/kg, 2 intramuscular injections/week). The rats of groups C and D received injections of desamethasone in the same procedure as that of group B. In addition, the rats of group C received daily subcutaneous injections of calcitonin in the dosage of 2 IU/kg and those of group D were irradiated with BEMF once daily. The results of the 3 kinds of therapeutic procedures were observed 8 weeks later. Results After the irradiation of BEMF, the biomechanical parameters of the lumbar vertebrae and the femur were far higher in the rats of group D than in those of group B. Conclusion BEMF irradiation is effective to prevent the decrease of biomechanical properties of the bones of the rats.