ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of four kinds of extracts of Crataegi Folium on hemorheology, erythrocytes, platelets, coagulation time, and other indicators of 27 indicators in blood stasis rats from the aspects of whole and local double aspects by using the combination method of principal component and one-way ANOVA, and analysis of indicators contained in the information, in order to provide new analytical ideas for the mechanism of Crataegi Folium extract on activating blood and resolving stasis. Methods Forty-eight wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, and drug group. Blood stasis model was prepared by using adrenaline in ice water bath. Both blank group and model group were given normal saline, and drug group was given hawthorn leaves extract aqueous solution. Blood samples were collected and 27 indicators such as hemorheology, erythrocyte, platelet, and prothrombin time were selected. The principal component analysis (PCA) was used to decompose all the index data by dimensionless treatment and dimensionality reduction, and then the principal components were generated. The new variables (ie, principal component scores) were subsequently analyzed by one-way ANOVA. The results combined with the contribution rate of principal components and the correlation coefficient of each index was analyzed. Finally, the index groups and individual indexes in each group were analyzed synthetically, and the regularity conclusions were drawn. Results Eight principal components were extracted by principal component analysis, and the contribution rate was 77.992%. The results of theprincipal component analysis combined with the ANOVA showed that nine main components in the first principal component could replace the original 27 indicators to reflect the effect of Crataegi Folium extract on blood circulation and blood stasis, namely FIB, total number of red blood cells, total platelet count platelet volume, platelet count, blood viscosity at low shear rate, blood viscosity at middle shear rate, blood viscosity at high shear rate, and plasma viscosity. The results showed that the effects of the four extracts of Crataegi Folium on the index components were different. Conclusion The effect of activating blood and resolving stasis is mainly by reducing blood viscosity and plasma viscosity, promoting hemoglobin degradation and increasing the number of platelets, shortening the blood clotting and so on to achieve.
ABSTRACT
In India, viper bites are more common than any other poisonous snake bites. In these patients, the cardinal features are local pain, swelling and mild coagulation abnormalities; but gangrenous changes involving bilateral upper and lower limbs are uncommon. We are reporting a case of a 62-year-old man bitten by a Russell viper on the right thumb. He experienced local pain, swelling and later developed disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, pre-renal azotemia, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and peripheral gangrenous changes involving bilateral upper and lower limbs. He succumbed to his ailment 5 months after the bite. There have been very few cases of gangrenous changes involving distal part of extremities associated with snake bite.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To collect the necessary data for a perspective of Whole Blood Clotting Time (WBCT) practice in Thailand. Methods: In March 2007, 124 questionnaires were sent to laboratory members of the Thailand National External Quality Assessment Scheme (Thailand NEQAS) to obtain essential information about the WBCT practice. Results: From a dispatch of 124 questionnaires, 120 (96.77%) were returned. There were 101 (84.1%) hospitals performing WBCT in the laboratories and the mean number of WBCTs performed was 16.17 times/month. Eighty nine laboratories (88.11%) used the modified Lee-White methods. Seventy four laboratories (73.26%) used snake bite and other animal bites as the indication for WBCT. Thirty three laboratories (34.37%) had problems performing the WBCT. Conclusion: The WBCT methods among the practice of the Thailand NEQAS laboratory members were as various as problems concerning WBCT throughout Thailand. Their practice needs to be improved and standardized by proper education. It also emphasizes the need for an appropriate guidelines for WBCT in Thailand.