ABSTRACT
Propionibacterium acnes infective endocarditis has a low incidence, high mortality rate and insidious manifestation, the delay in diagnosis leads to disease progression, which not only affects the physical and mental health and quality of life of patients, but also brings a heavy burden to their family and society. This article reviews the microbiological characteristics of Propionibacterium acnes, the epidemiological and clinical features of Propionibacterium acnes infective endocarditis, and the current state of diagnosis, treatment and prevention, to provide reference for clinical management of this disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective To summarize the clinical treatment experience of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis,and to explore the surgery chance and therapeutic strategy of blood culture-negative endocarditis. Methods One hundred and sixty-six patients who were diagnosed blood culture-negative endocarditis in the Aisa Heart Hospital of Wuhan from Jul. 2008 to Dec. 2012 were recruited in the study. Broad-spectrum antibiotics including cefuroxime axetil and levofloxacin were used before the result of blood culture,and sensitive antibiotics were selected to control patient's condition when getting the result of blood culture. But broad-spectrum antibiotics were continuously used to the blood culture-negative endocarditis until stable condition. When the conditions were stable,active preparation before surgery should be carried out. Thoroughly clear the vegetation and protect the cardiorespiratory function during operating. Kata-step antibiotics were used to control patient's condition until normal temperature,as well as the number of leukocytes decreased,blood sedimentation normalized and C-reaction protein decreased. Then,the narrow-spectrum antibiotics were selected including cephalosporin until discharged from hospital,and continued treatment of antibiotics for 4 - 6 weeks. Results Five patients died after the operation,including 1 case died of low cardiac output syndrome,2 cases died of multiple organ failure,1 case died of septicemia and the 1 case died of cerebral embolism. All the other patients discharged from hospital successfully. Conclusion The patients with blood culture-negative IE should be controlled rapidly. The duration and dose of antibiotics should be enough. Active operative preparation should be taken and then surgery timely. Thus,the hospital mortality could decrease and prompt the long-term outcome.
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Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment of Q fever endocarditis.Methods From 2008 to 2013,four cases of Q fever endocarditis were diagnosed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Clinical features,laboratory test,management and prognosis were analyzed with literature review.Result All four cases had long period of fever and heart murmur.Two patients represented with respiratory symptom and one with non-specific rash.General laboratory tests including complete blood cell count,ESR,C-reactive protein(CRP),liver function and radiology of lung did not show specific abnormalities.Signs of endocarditis were shown by ultrasound and important for diagnosis.Repeated blood culture was negative.All of the diagnoses were confirmed by serum antibody detection and the patients recovered well with treatment based on doxycycline or minocycline.Conclusions Endocarditis is the most common form of chronic Q fever,which is easily misdiagnosed because its blood culture is negative and may accompanied with varied manifestation such as pneumonia and liver injury.For the patients with chronic fever and blood culture negative endocarditis,chronic Q fever should be considered as differential diagnosis.The confirmatory method for diagnosis is serum antibody detection.Early and sufficient treatment may improve the prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Bartonella is an important cause of blood culture-negative endocarditis in recent studies. Seroprevalence studies in the States of Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro have shown Bartonella IgG positivity around 14 percent in healthy adults and 40 percent in HIV seropositive adults, respectively. A case report of a 46-year-old white male with moderate aortic regurgitation (AR) due to rheumatic heart disease (RHD), admitted due to worsening heart failure, is presented. Clinical features were apyrexia, anemia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, hematuria and splenomegaly. He was submitted to surgery due to worsening AR. Histopathology of the excised valve showed active bacterial endocarditis and underlying RHD. Routine blood cultures were negative. Indirect immunofluorescence (IFI) assays for Coxiella burnetii were non-reactive. Bartonella henselae IgG titer was 1:4096 prior to antibiotics and 1:512 14 months after treatment. History of close contact with a young cat during the months preceding his admission was elicited.