ABSTRACT
The use of blood metabolites (BM), fecal starch (FS), and apparent digestion of starch, (ATTSD) as indicators of feed efficiency (FE) in beef cattle in the feedlot was studied. Fourteen bulls were used, originating in an industrial cross, without a defined racial group, with mean body weight of 284.86kg, individually fed, being evaluated in a 42-day confinement system. After the evaluation, the animals were divided into two groups according to the individual FE: high feed efficiency (HE) and low feed efficiency (LE). There was a difference between the groups in the variables FE, feed conversion (FC), final weight (FW), and daily weight gain (DWG). The FE had a positive correlation with DWG, FC, and FW. There was no difference between the groups for the variables BM, FS, and ATTSD, nor was there any correlation between these variables and FE. Considering the feed cost, the HE animals proved more profitable. BM, FS, and ATTSD did not statistically show potential to be used as indicators of FE, despite the evidence of numerical differences of these variables between the different groups, tendency of correlations with FE, and discriminating function with potential assertiveness.(AU)
Foi estudada a utilização dos metabólitos sanguíneos (BM), do amido fecal (FS) e da digestão aparente do amido (ATTSD) como indicadores de eficiência alimentar (FE) em bovinos de corte em confinamento. Utilizaram-se 14 touros, originários de cruzamento industrial, sem grupo racial definido, peso corporal médio de 284,86kg, alimentados individualmente, sendo avaliados em sistema de confinamento por 42 dias. Após a avaliação, dividiram-se os animais em dois grupos, de acordo com a FE individual: alta eficiência alimentar (HE) e baixa eficiência alimentar (LE). Houve diferença entre os grupos nas variáveis FE, conversão alimentar (FC), peso final (FW) e ganho de peso diário (DWG). A FE teve correlação positiva com DWG, FC e FW. Não houve diferença entre os grupos para as variáveis BM, FS e ATTSD, tampouco houve correlação entre essas variáveis e a FE. Considerando-se o custo alimentar, os animais HE mostraram-se mais lucrativos. BM, FS e ATTSD não mostraram, estatisticamente, potencial para serem utilizados como indicadores de FE, apesar da evidência de diferenças numéricas dessas variáveis entre os diferentes grupos, tendência de correlações com a FE e de função discriminante com potencial assertividade.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Weight Gain , Livestock/blood , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Body Weight , Costs and Cost AnalysisABSTRACT
In high yielding dairy cows, one of the major cause of lameness during transition period is the altered nutritional status of pregnant animal. Concentrations of essential nutrients get varied and often decrease around calving due to physiological factors and thus extra-supplementation is recommended in these animals. Blood measures are frequently used in assessment of the vital nutrients for predicting the risk of lameness during this period. The objective of this study was to investigate the nutritional status of healthy and lame Karan Fries (KF) cows and their association with lameness score during transition period. For this fifteen high-yielding crossbreed (KF) healthy cows and fifteen high yielding crossbreed (KF) lame cows were randomly selected from the Livestock Research Centre (LRC) of National Diary Research Institute, Karnal for pooled blood sample collection. Samples were collected 60d, 15d pre-partum, on the day of calving, and 60d, 15d post-partum. The results revealed that the mean plasma biotin, zinc (below critical level) and calcium (within range) levels were significantly lower (P<0.05) in lame KF cows while β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations was significantly higher, however no significant difference in plasma copper, glucose and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) concentrations was found in lame cows as compared to normal KF cows during this period. There was also significant (P<0.05) variation of blood biochemical profiles (glucose, NEFA and BHBA) and plasma biotin concentration among different lameness scores (1-5) whereas no relation of mineral profiles (calcium, zinc and copper) was seen with lameness score
ABSTRACT
Avaliou-se a influência da somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) sobre os metabolismos energético e mineral de búfalas entre 63e 154 dias em lactação. Foram utilizadas 22 búfalas, distribuídas em dois grupos experimentais: grupo rbST - aplicação de 500mg de rbST a cada 14 dias; grupo Controle - sem aplicação de rbST. A cada sete dias, foram coletadas amostras de sangue para a determinação do perfil bioquímico e mensuraram-se a produção de leite e o escore de condição corporal dos animais. As médias dos parâmetros estudados para os grupos rbST e Controle foram, respectivamente: produção de leite (PL): 6,44kg vs. 6,68kg; escore de condição corporal-ECC (1-5): 3,51 vs. 3,57; glicose: 70,58 vs. 64,81mg/dL (P = 0,0003); colesterol: 132,38 vs. 133,40mg/dL; triglicérides: 29,18 vs. 28,32mg/dL; proteína total: 8,57 vs. 8,75g/dL; albumina: 3,47 vs. 3,60g/dL; ureia: 32,46 vs. 33,86mg/dL; creatinina: 1,27 vs. 1,39mg/dL; cálcio:10,25 vs. 10,73mg/dL; fósforo:5,76 vs. 5,62mg/dL; e magnésio:3,70 vs. 3,70mg/dL. O uso de 500mg de rbSTinfluenciou o metabolismo da glicose, porém não modificou a PL, o ECC e os níveis dos demais parâmetros metabólicos estudados.(AU)
The aim was to evaluate the influence of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on the energy and mineral metabolism of buffaloes between 63 - 154 days in milk. Twenty-two buffaloes distributed in two experimental groups were used: Group rbST (n= 11) - application of 500mg of rbST every 14 days; Control Group (n= 11) - no rbST. Every seven days, blood samples were taken to determine the biochemical profile, and milk production and body condition score were measured. The averages of the variables for rbST and Control groups were, respectively: milk yield (MY) - 6.44kg vs. 6.68kg; body condition score (BCS) - 3.51 vs 3.57 (1-5); glucose - 70.58 vs. 64.81mg/dL (P = 0.0003); cholesterol - 132.38 vs. 133.40mg/dL; triglycerides -29.18 vs. 28.32mg/dL; total protein - 8.57 vs. 8.75g/dL; albumin - 3.47 vs 3.60g/dL; urea - 32.46 vs 33.86mg/dL; creatinine - 1.27 vs 1.39mg/dL; calcium - 10.25 vs. 10.73mg/dL; phosphorus - 5.76 vs 5.62mg/dL; and magnesium - 3.70 vs 3.70mg/dL. Use of 500mg rbST influenced glucose metabolism, but did not modify the MY, BCS and the levels of the other metabolic parameters studied.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Buffaloes/metabolism , Growth Hormone/metabolism , Milk , Animal FeedABSTRACT
Resumen Objetivo: evaluar parámetros sanguíneos en pollos de engorde de la línea genética Cobb500, luego de la administración de aceite esencial de orégano (Lippia origanoides) (AEO). Materiales y métodos: se utilizaron 200 pollos de línea genética Cobb 500 y se realizaron mediciones los días 14, 28 y 42. Los animales fueron aleatorizados a una de dos dietas: dieta comercial con antibiótico y sin este. A esta última se adicionaron diferentes concentraciones de AEO (75 ppm, 100 ppm o 200 ppm AEO). Se realizó un diseño estadístico de bloques al azar en un arreglo de parcelas dividas. Resultados: los pollos del grupo D5 (200 ppm) presentaron mayores valores en glucosa, fosfatasa y fósforo que los pollos alimentados con antibiótico (D2) a lo largo del experimento. Conclusión: la adición de 200 ppm de AEO en el alimento de pollos de engorde de la línea genética Cobb 500 induce una mejora en metabolitos sanguíneos. Este trabajo permitió evaluar las variables metabólicas de pollos que consumieron AEO.
Abstract Objective: To evaluate blood parameters in broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 genetic line, after the administration of oregano essential oil (Lippia origanoides) (OEO). Materials and methods: 200 chickens of the Cobb 500 genetic line were used, and measurements were taken on days 14, 28, and 42. The animals were randomly assigned to one of two diets: commercial diet with and without antibiotic supplementation. To the antibiotic-free diet different concentrations of OEO were added (75 ppm, 100 ppm, or 200 ppm). A statistical randomized block design was used in an array of divided plots. Results: Chickens from group D5 (200 ppm of OEO) had higher values in glucose, phosphatase, and phosphorus than chickens fed with antibiotic supplementation (D2) throughout the experiment. Conclusion: The addition of 200 ppm of OEO in the food of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 genetic line induces an improvement in blood metabolites. This work allowed evaluating metabolic variables of chickens that consumed OEO.
Resumo Objetivo: avaliar parâmetros sanguíneos em frangos de corte da linha genética Cobb500, após administração de azeite essencial de orégano (Lippia origanoides) (AEO). Materiais e métodos: Foram utilizados 200 frangos de linha genética Cobb 500 e foram realizadas medições nos dias 14, 28 e 42. Os animais foram submetidos aleatoriamente a uma de duas dietas: dieta comercial com antibiótico e sem este. A esta última foram adicionadas diferentes concentrações de AEO (75 ppm, 100 ppm ou 200 ppm AEO). Se realizou um desenho estatístico de blocos aleatórios em uma matriz de parcelas dividas. Resultados: os frangos do grupo D5 (200 ppm) apresentaram maiores valores em glicose, fosfatase e fósforo que os frangos alimentados com antibiótico (D2) ao longo do experimento. Conclusão: a adição de 200 ppm de AEO no alimento de frangos de corte da linha genética Cobb 500 induz a uma melhora em metabolitos sanguíneos. Este trabalho permitiu avaliar as variáveis metabólicas de frangos que consumiram AEO.
ABSTRACT
Objetivou-se com este estudo comparar os efeitos do fornecimento de dietas glicogênicas ou lipogênicas sobre metabolitos sanguíneos e hormônios em vacas primíparas (n=40) durante o período de transição. Os animais foram aleatoriamente distribuídos em quatro tratamentos: controle, sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (Megalac-E, 100g pré-parto e 250g pós-parto), soja tostada (400g pré-parto e 800g pós-parto) e propilenoglicol (300ml pré e pós-parto). Os suplementos foram fornecidos individualmente. Foram realizadas coletas de sangue para determinação das concentrações plasmáticas de insulina, glicose, ácidos graxos não esterificados (AGNE) e IGF-I. As concentrações de insulina e de glicose foram maiores nos animais do tratamento com sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados. A maior concentração de AGNE foi observada no grupo controle. A concentração plasmática de IGF-I foi mais elevada para os animais do tratamento que receberam suplementos lipogênicos. A adição de sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados a dieta foi capaz de amenizar as mudanças hormonais e metabólicas características do período de transição.(AU)
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of glycogenic supply or lipogenic diets on blood metabolites and hormones in primiparous dairy cows (n=40) during the transition period. The animals were randomly assigned to four treatments: control, calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (Megalac-E, 100g prepartum and 250g postpartum), roasted soybeans (400g prepartum and 800g postpartum) and propylene glycol (300ml pre- and postpartum). The supplements were provided individually. Blood samples were taken to determine plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and IGF-I. The glucose and insulin concentrations were higher in calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids treatment. The highest concentration of NEFA was observed in the control group. The plasma concentrations of IGF-I were higher for the treatments with lipogenic supplements. Adding calcium salts of polyunsaturated fatty acids diet was able to ease the hormonal and metabolic changes of the transition period features.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Cattle/metabolism , Cattle/blood , Electronic Supplementary MaterialsABSTRACT
Aims: Two in vivo experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of saponins on rumen fermentation, plasma metabolites, nutrients digestibility, and performance in small ruminant. Study Design: In the experiment 1, three Baluchi sheep (48± 4.3 kg, body weight) were randomly assigned to three experimental diets in a 3×3 Latin square design to determine the effects of saponins on digestibility, ruminal fermentation characteristics and plasma metabolites. Saponins were added at levels of 0, 100 and 200 mg/kg dry matter intake to diet. In the experiment 2, eighteen Saanen kids (6–7-month) were used in a completely randomized design to determine the effects of saponins on ruminal fermentation, plasma metabolites, and body measurements. Saponins were added at levels of 0, 36 and 54 mg/kg dry matter intake. Place and Duration of Study: The trials were conducted at the Research Farm of Agriculture Faculty of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (Iran), between February 2011 and October 2011.