A study regarding the control attempts on body weight and related factors among overweight and obese adults in China, 2013 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective@#To understand the control attempts of body weight and its related factors among overweight and obese adults in China.@*Methods@#Data was from the 2013 Chinese Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Surveillance Program, which covered 302 surveillance sites. 179 570 adults, selected through multistage stratified cluster sampling method, were interviewed. Demographic characteristics and weight-control attempts were collected via face-to-face interview. BMI, waist circumstance and blood pressure were individually measured under physical examination. Venous blood samples were obtained and tested for FPG, OGTT-2h, TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C. A total of 87 545 overweight and obese patients were included in this study, with the exclusion of 152 patients having the missed critical information. Rates on weight control and attempts were analyzed, using the complex weighting on samples to represent the overall overweight and obese adults in China.@*Results@#The rate of weight-control attempts was 16.3% (95%CI: 14.9%-17.7%). Among all the 12 133 patients who had undergone weight-control measures, the proportions of different attempts were as follows: diet (40.9%, 95%CI: 38.4%-43.3%), combination of diet and physical activity (31.5%, 95%CI: 28.9%-34.0%), physical activity (22.8%, 95%CI: 21.0%-24.6%) and drug control (1.3%, 95%CI: 1.0%-1.7%). Factors as: being female (OR=1.26, 95%CI: 1.15-1.38), at younger age (18-44 years old, OR=1.51, 95%CI: 1.31-1.74), with high education levels (college degree or above, OR=4.52, 95%CI: 3.76-5.43), having high annual income (≥24 000 Yuan, OR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.63-2.30) etc., appeared as favorable factors for taking the measures vs. rural residency (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.55- 0.72) as the unfavorable one.@*Conclusion@#The rate of weight-control attempts appeared low among the overweight and obese adults who were affected by factors as age, education and income level. Personalized intervention measures should be carried out for people with different characteristics.

Application of flexible ambrosia for body weight control among youths / 军事医学

Objective To evaluate whether flexible ambrosia,by which people can take special prebiotics instead of dining to alleviate their sense of hunger is a healthy, safe and effective weight loss method by analyzing the effects of flexible ambrosia on body weight, body composition, physiological and chemical indexes of young volunteers.Methods Young volunteers were tested on flexible ambrosia for seven days using special prebiotics instead of normal food.Body weight, waist circumference, body composition and blood biochemical indexes ( blood pressure, blood glucose, liver function, renal function, blood electrolyte, and blood lipid ) were measured and recorded before and after the test respectively.The volunteers′subjective feelings ( hunger, energy, fatigue, etc) were recorded during the test every day by way of e-form records.Results All volunteers of the flexible ambrosia test reduced their body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, visceral fat index (VAI) and body fat rate (Fat,%)significantly (P<0.01)in seven days, while the body water rate, muscle mass, body protein and bone did not significantly change or rise.There was no significant functional abnormity of the liver kidney, or blood electrolytes and blood lipid.All volunteers were in good physical condition, high-spirited and slept well, high quality sleep, without any obvious hunger and fatigue response in seven days.Conclusion Flexible ambrosia seems to be a healthy, safe and effective method, and provides an important scientific basis and reference for weight loss in the military.

Effect of meal replacements on body weight control and blood glucose and lipid profile / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To assess the effect of meal replacements on body weight control and blood glucose and lipid profile by adjusting their nutrients intake with a meal replacement approach.Methods One hundred and thirty subjects were randomly divided into intervention group (100 subjects) and control group (30 subjects).Besides dietary consulting and health education,all subjects in intervention group received a dietary treatment with 2 meal replacements each day over a shot-term (3 months).All subjects were evaluated by recording the body measurements and laboratory data every 2 weeks.Results Compared with the baseline,mean percentages of BMI loss and decrease in waist circumference were 7.2 ％ and 6.5％ for intervention group(P＜0.01) by week 12.Meanwhile,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,fasting plasma glucose,and triglyceride levels were significantly reduced (P＜0.01),showing significant difference compared with control group at the same period(all P＜0.01).Conclusion The meal replacement approach evaluated is an effective strategy to control body weight,and thus to achieve great improvement in the prevention of obesity-related diseases.

Evaluation of 8-week body weight control program including sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) supplementation in Korean female college students

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a body weight control program with supplementation of sea tangle (20 g/day) on 22 female college students. The contents of the program for 8 weeks contained diet therapy, exercise and behavioral modification through nutrition education. Body composition, dietary habit scores, serum lipid profiles, daily nutrient intakes and the quality of life were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the program. Average age of subjects and height were 20.8 years and 161.9 cm, respectively. After 8 weeks, there were significant reductions in body weight, body fat mass, percent body fat, waist-hip ratio and BMI. The dietary habit score such as a balanced diet, regularity of mealtime, overeating, eating while watching TV or using the computer and eating salty food were increased significantly. Serum lipid levels such as total cholesterol level, LDL-cholesterol level and triglyceride level were decreased but not significantly. There were decreases in intake of energy, protein and fat and increases in intakes of dietary fiber, folic acid, calcium and potassium from the beginning to the end of the program. There were significant improvements on subcomponents of quality of life; physical functioning, general-health and vitality. The limitation of this study was the fact that there was no control group, but an overall evaluation suggests the 8-week body weight control program consisting of diet therapy, exercise and behavioral modification with supplementation of sea tangle would be helpful to improve the body composition, dietary habits, daily nutrient intakes and quality of life in Korean female college students.

Effect of Feedback-Based Weight Management System on Body Weight Change / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVE: Body weight is an important indicator of a person's health status. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the body weight management system, HIMS (Health Improvement and Management System)-Diet, which instantly provides users with feedback on their measured weight using the database that stores the user.customized information. METHODS: The participants of this experimental study used the system two or three times a week for 10 weeks. We analyzed the changes in their body weight and body mass index (BMI) according to their respective usage of the system. RESULTS: Participants' body weight and BMI decreased with respect to their individual usage of the system. Participants that used the system frequently for a longer time period improved significantly in their body weight and BMI. CONCLUSION: The experimental study showed that the body weight management system, HIMS-Diet, was effective in controlling people's body weight.

Relation of Body Weight Control and Eating Disorder of University Students in the Gunsan Area / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This study was carried out to investigate the body weight controls and eating disorders of university students in Gunsan. The subject of the present study included 229 male students (53.8%) and 197 female students (46.2%), totalling 426 students from Kunsan University. The subjects consisted of 56 underweight (13.1%), 265 with normal weight (62.2%), and 105 overweight (24.6%). Especially, in females, 20.8% of them were underweight, which is 6.6% higher than males, showing a significant difference (p < 0.001). Regarding body image, 21.8% of the males thought they were fat, while 40.6% of the females thought they were fat. Regarding the perceived body type, shown in the difference between their own size and the ideal size, males recorded 0.03, while females recorded 1.75, showing a major significant difference (p < 0.001). Regarding body satisfaction, 33.2% of the males were unsatisfied, while 52.8% of the females were unsatisfied (p < 0.001). The social expectations of the male subjects' sizes and weights recorded 2.04, while that of females recorded .2.51, showing that people's opinions expected the female subjects' bodies to be thinner (p < 0.001). Additionally, the social expectation of the subjects' weight control recorded an average of 15.22 (13.92 for males, 16.73 for females), showing that the female subjects' felt that people's opinions wished them to lose their weight (p < 0.001). Regarding the recognition on weight control, interested males were 49.4%, while interested females were 86.8%, showing the females superior rate (p < 0.001). The beliefs in relation to weight control recorded an average of 62.01, with the score of females of 67.89 being significantly higher than that of males which was 56.96. The subjects showed a relatively positive response towards weight control (p < 0.001). EAT-26 score was employed to determine the eating attitudes in relation to gender. Here, the final score of males was 15.46, which was significantly lower than that of females, which was 22.21 (p < 0.001). Furthermore, regarding the score of eating attitudes in relation to obesity index, the eating disorder scale scores on the questions related to bulimia and diets to lose weight as weight increases were high. However, the eating disorder scale score on oral control, which actually controls food, was low. To control the expansion of excessive weight control attempts and their side effects, the recognition of the students' body types needs to be corrected, and nutrition education programs on eating habits and eating disorders to foster proper weight loss are deemed necessary.

A Study of the Body Weight Control and Dietary Habits According to the Obese Index in Male Middle School Students / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The purpose of this study was to determine the body weight control, food habits and nutrient intakes according to the obese index in male middle school students. This study was carried out through questionnaires and measurement by body fat analyzer (Inbody 4.0). The subjects were 275 male middle school students in Iksan, Chonbuk province. The average age, height, weight, and BMI of the subjects were 14.4 years old, 167.8 cm, 60.2 kg and 21.3 kg/m2, respectively. Seventeen point one percent of the subjects were the underweight group, 47.6% were the normalweight group, and 35.3% were the overweight group by the classification of the Korean Pediatrics Society standard. Body fat of underweight, normalweight, and overweight were 16.1%, 19.0%, and 26.6%, respectively. Thirty one point nine percent of underweight, 39.7% of normalweight, and 31.9% of overweight had misperceptions of their weight (p<0.001). Sixty two point two percent of the males were dissatisfied with their body weight, and 55.3% of the whole tried to reduce their body weights. Even though they were normalweight, half of them dissatisfied with their weight. The source of weight control method was friends and family, TV.radio, Internet, and school nutrition education, in order. The subjects exercised 3.4 days per week, 70.2 minutes per day, but it was not different significantly by the obese index. Forty percent of the subjects had meals fast, 58.5% of them have biased food habits even if they didn't differ by the obese index. Activity rate was different by the obese index significantly (p<0.05), the number of severe activity was most in underweight. In conclusion, nutrition education programs should contain the necessity of normalweight, and regularity of life habits and activities for energy expenditure in overweight students. It made them to recognize their weight correctly, establish healthy body images, and raise the ability to promote health and improve nutritional status.

Factors affecting Body Weight Control Behavior of Female College Students / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSE: the purposes of this study were: to contribute to maintaining and promoting health for female college students by identifying their body weight control behaviors and the Affecting factors; and, to serve as a basis for the development of weight control programs to orient their weight management to a desirable direction specifically for those who have low or normal body weight but still practice body weight control in a way that is neither useful nor desirable. METHOD: The data were analyzed by the SPSS/PC 10.0 statistical program using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the Stepwise multiple regression. RESULT: The main predictive factors affecting body weight control was 'between - meal snack', 'family support', 'satisfaction with their diet', 'possession of secret method for weight loss', 'body image', 'satisfaction with university life', and 'interest in weight control'. CONCLUSION: It may be necessary to develope educational programs on weight control for female collegians in consideration of affecting body weight control behavior.

A Study on Long-Term Administration of Seishin-Renshi-In to Patients of Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus / 日本東洋医学雑誌

Seishin-Renshi-In (TJ-111) (Qing-Xin-Lian-Zi-Yin) was administered to seven patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Five years treatment with TJ-111 was three male patients, three years was one female patient, and two years was two female patients. All of them received 7.5g of TJ-111 per day, 30 minutes before every meal. Body weight and HbA₁ were examined and recorded at intervals during the whole period of administration.<br>Patients whose HbA₁ was increased by more than 8% transiently showed the increases of body weight. It was proved that it is important to keep the calorie intake at an appropriate level and to exercise every day for adjusting body weight even in the treatment of Kampo medicine. The patients who decreased body weight by daily training were considered to be “Kyo-Sho”, and it is suggested to administer Seishin-Renshi-In for the treatment of NIDDM in the concept of Kampo medicine. No side effects were recognized in any cases of treatment with Seishin-Renshi-In.

On the health control of female gymnasts during training camp - Body weight control and nutrition management / 体力科学

Body condition and nutritional intake of female competitive gymnasts (four athletes who participated in Universiade championships and seven athletes who passed preliminary trials for World championships) were investigated during intensive training camp, where they improved their technical skill of gymnastics and regulated their body weight through body training and dietary intake.<BR>The results are summarized as follows;<BR>1) Daily energy intake, protein intake (per 1 kg of body weight) and iron intake during training camp of Universiade and World athletes were 1, 566±292 kcal (mean±standard deviation), 1.29±0.08 g/kg, 6.6±1.6 mg, 1, 367±267 kcal, 1.24±0.19 g/kg, 6.6±1.4 mg respectively on the average. Each intake of them was low during training camp.<BR>2) The lower their daily energy intake, the more their body weight decreased. High correlation between energy insufficient (needed energy minus intaked energy) per 1 kg of body weight and body weight losses was observed. And also, high correlation between decrease of body weight and proportion of energy intake per basal metabolism was observed.<BR>3) Changes in body composition during the first training camp were detected; decrease of their body weight, body fats and lean body masses. Compared with the second training camp, the amount of body fats decreased, while the amount of lean body masses increased.