Evaluation of tumor markers carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin 19 fragment and cancer-associated antigen 72-4 in neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine effusions differentiation / Avaliação dos marcadores tumorais antígeno carcinoembrionário, fragmento de citoqueratina 19 e antígeno associado ao câncer 72-4 na diferenciação de efusões neoplásicas e não neoplásicas caninas

The concentration of tumor markers in body fluids can be used for diagnosis and prognosis of patients. This study aimed to investigate the performance of tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), cancer-associated antigen 72-4 (CA 72-4) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the neoplastic and non-neoplastic canine effusions. In thirty-two neoplastic (n=16) and non-neoplastic (n=16) samples of canine thoracic or abdominal effusions, tumor markers were measured. Significant statistical difference was found only for the CYFRA 21-1 marker. The levels were significantly higher for the neoplastic group. The lack of significance between groups for markers CA 72-4 and CEA can be explained by the presence of other diseases in the non-neoplastic group, causing elevated levels of these markers. This study concludes that CYFRA 21-1 performed well, showing good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of neoplastic effusions in dogs. However, further investigations are necessary in patients with malignancy as those with benign effusions...

Os níveis de marcadores tumorais em líquidos corporais podem ser usados para diagnóstico e prognóstico de pacientes. Este estudo objetiva investigar o desempenho dos marcadores tumorais fragmento de citoqueratina 19 (CYFRA 21-1), antígeno asociado ao câncer 72-4 (CA 72-4) e antígeno carcinoembrionário (CEA) em efusões caninas neoplásicas e não neoplásicas. Os marcadores tumorais foram mensurados em 32 amotras de efusões torácicas e abdominais de cães, 16 neoplásicas e 16 não neoplásicas. Foi encontrada diferença estatística somente para o marcador CYFRA 21-1, onde os níveis foram significativamente altos no grupo neoplásico. A falta de significância entre os grupos de marcadores CA 72-4 e CEA pode ser explicada pela presença de outras doenças no grupo não neoplásico, o que causou elevação dos níveis destes marcadores. Este estudo conclui que o marcador CYFRA 21-1 teve bom desempenho, pois mostrou boa sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia no diagnóstico de efusões neoplásicas em cães. Entretanto, mais estudos são necessários tanto em pacientes portadores de efusões benignas quanto malignas...

The Cytopathology of Body Cavity Fluid / 대한세포병리학회지

Cytologic examination of the body cavity fluid is very important because the specimens represent a significant percentage of nongynecologic samples and this cytologic examination may be the first, best or only chance for making the diagnosis of an underlying malignancy. The purposes of body cavity fluid examination are to correctly identify cancer cells and if possible, to identify the tumor types and primary sites when presented with unknown primary tumor sites. The most important basic differential diagnosis is that of benign and reactive disease vs malignant disease. Reactive mesothelial cells are a consistent population in body cavity fluid, and these are the most versatile cells in the body. Due to the specific environment of the body cavity, the exfoliated reactive mesothelial cells may show significant morphologic overlap with the morphology of cancer cells. With a focus on the differential points between reactive mesothelial cells and metastatic adenocarcinoma cells, the practical diagnostic approaches, the diagnostic clues and the pitfalls to achieve a correct diagnosis are presented in this review.