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1.
RFO UPF ; 28(1): 21-37, 20230808. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1509406

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: A periodontite é uma doença infecto-inflamatória que acomete os tecidos de inserção periodontal, e ser fumante representa um risco modificável significativo para todos os graus da doença. Ainda, indivíduos fumantes apresentam uma resposta inflamatória alterada quando comparados a não fumantes. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi reportar um relato de caso de tratamento periodontal de paciente fumante pesado. Relato de caso: O paciente DRS, sexo masculino, 22 anos, foi encaminhado à Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel) com a queixa principal de necessidade de "realização de uma limpeza dentária". Na anamnese, relatou fumar 20 cigarros ao dia, há 7 anos (7 maços-ano). Na consulta inicial, foi encontrado índice de placa visível (IPV) de 100% e índice de sangramento gengival (ISG) de 66,67%. Foi encontrado cálculo supragengival como fator retentivo de placa (FRP) em 46,30% dos sítios. Estabeleceu-se o diagnóstico de periodontite estágio III localizado grau C. Os exames periodontais foram realizados por um único pesquisador calibrado e optou-se pelo tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico. Ao exame de 12 meses, o paciente apresentou IPV de 23,45% e ISG de 22,83%. Houve ausência de FRP. De uma forma geral, foi possível constatar a diminuição significativa das bolsas periodontais, bem como o ganho significativo de inserção clínica periodontal. Considerações finais: Dessa forma, é possível concluir a efetividade da terapia periodontal não cirúrgica, aliada à manutenção periodontal e instruções de higiene para o tratamento de periodontite estágio III, grau C, em paciente fumante.(AU)


Objective: Periodontitis is an infect-inflammatory diseases that affects the periodontal attachment tissues, and being smoker represents a significant modifiable risk for all degrees of the disease. Moreover, smokers have an altered inflammatory response when compared to non-smokers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report a case report of periodontal treatment of a heavy smoker. Case report: A patient DRS, male, 22 years old, was referred to the School of Dentistry of the Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) with the main complaint of the need to "perform a dental cleaning". During the anamnesis, he reported smoking 20 cigarettes a day for 7 years (7 pack-years). In the initial appointment, a visible plaque index (VPI) of 100% and a gingival bleeding index (GBI) of 66.67% were found. Supragingival calculus was found as a plaque retentive factor (PRF) in 46.30% of the sites. The diagnosis of periodontitis stage III localized grade C was established. Periodontal examinations were performed by a single calibrated researcher and non-surgical periodontal treatment was chosen. At the 12-month appointment, the patient had an VPI of 23.45% and an GBI of 22.83%. There was absence of PRF. In general, it was possible to observe a significant decrease in periodontal pockets, as well as a significant gain in periodontal clinical attachment. Final considerations: Thus, it is possible to conclude the effectiveness of non-surgical periodontal therapy, combined with periodontal maintenance and hygiene instructions for the treatment of periodontitis stage III localized grade C in a smoker.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Periodontitis/etiology , Periodontitis/therapy , Tobacco Use Disorder/complications , Periodontal Pocket/therapy , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome
2.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385858

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer la asociación entre la profundidad de bolsa periodontal y la presencia de Candida albicans en el fluido crevicular de sujetos adultos con salud gingival y periodontitis, recibidos en el área de la Maestría en Periodoncia de un Centro Odontológico. El estudio estuvo conformado por 81 muestras de fluido crevicular obtenidas con un cono de papel Nº 40. Fueron distribuidas en tres grupos: G1: 20 muestras del grupo control (salud gingival), G2: 32 muestras de bolsas con profundidad de 4-6 mm y G3: 29 muestras de bolsas con profundidad >6mm; que fueron colocadas en Caldo Sabouraud Dextrosa para su trasporte al laboratorio, donde fue cultivado en Agar Sabouraud Dextrosa por 48 h a 37 ºC. Posteriormente se realizó tinción a las colonias y prueba de tubo germinal para la confirmación de la presencia de Candida albicans. Del total de muestras, 12 (14,8 %) evidenciaron presencia de Candida albicans, de las cuales 6 (18,8 %) pertenecían al grupo de bolsas con profundidad de 4-6 mm y las otras 6 (20,7 %) pertenecían al grupo de bolsas con profundidad >6mm. En el grupo control, no se observó presencia de Candida albicans. Los pacientes con salud gingival no presentaron Candida albicans. Sin embargo, la Candida albicans estuvo presente en pacientes con bolsas periodontales de 4-6 mm y >6 mm (14,8 %). No se encontró diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre presencia de Candida albicans con profundidad de bolsa periodontal (p=0,849).


ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to establish the association between the depth of the periodontal pocket and the presence of Candida albicans in the crevicular fluid of adult subjects with gingival health and periodontitis, received in the area of the Master in Periodontology of a Dental Center. The study consisted of 81 samples of crevicular fluid obtained with a No. 40 paper cone. They were distributed into three groups: G1: 20 samples from the control group (gingival health), G2: 32 samples from pockets with depth of 4-6 mm and G3: 29 samples from pockets with depth >6 mm; which were placed in Sabouraud Dextrose Broth for transport to the laboratory, where it was cultivated in Sabouraud Dextrose Agar for 48h at 37 ºC. Subsequently, colony staining and a germ tube test were performed to confirm the presence of Candida albicans. Of the total samples, 12 (14.8 %) showed the presence of Candida albicans, of which 6 (18.8 %) belonged to the group of pockets with depth of 4-6 mm and the other 6 (20.7 %) belonged to the group of bags with depth> 6mm. In the control group, no presence of Candida albicans was observed. The patients with gingival health did not present Candida albicans. However, Candida albicans was present in patients with periodontal pockets of 4-6 mm and >6 mm (14.8 %). No statistically significant difference was found between the presence of Candida albicans with depth of the periodontal pocket (p=0.849).

3.
Braz. dent. sci ; 25(3): 1-8, 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1380203

ABSTRACT

Os lasers de diodo tornaram-se ferramentas clínicas populares devido ao seu tamanho compacto, acessibilidade, facilidade de uso e versatilidade. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar as diversas aplicações de um laser de diodo na prática diária e destacar os aspectos técnicos do uso do laser de diodo para o mesmo. Esta série de casos relata o manejo de seis diferentes situações clínicas com laser de diodo: anquiloglossia, bolsa periodontal, zênites gengivais desiguais, mucocele, hipersensibilidade dentinária e gengiva hiperpigmentada. Os pacientes foram tratados com laser de diodo de 940 nm com potência de 0,5 W a 2 W dependendo do caso. A cicatrização pós-operatória transcorreu sem intercorrências na maioria dos casos e foram observados resultados favoráveis. O laser de diodo ofereceu vantagens cirúrgicas como ­ campo seco, desinfecção do sítio cirúrgico e cirurgia sem sutura. Além disso, os autores observaram melhor satisfação do paciente devido à mínima dor ou edema pós-operatório e alívio imediato em caso de hipersensibilidade dentinária. Este artigo apresenta as aplicações cirúrgicas e não cirúrgicas do laser de diodo juntamente com os aspectos técnicos. Embora a literatura disponível não forneça evidências substanciais para comparação direta do laser de diodo com as técnicas convencionais, é seguro concluir que o laser de diodo é uma ferramenta eficiente para uso rotineiro em odontologia.(AU)


The diode lasers have become popular clinical tools because of their compact size, affordability, ease of use and versatility. The aim of this paper is to put forth the various applications of a diode laser in day to day practice and highlight the technical aspects of diode laser use for the same. This case series reports management of six different clinical situations with diode laser namely ­ ankyloglossia, periodontal pocket, unequal gingival zeniths, mucocele, dentinal hypersensitivity and hyper-pigmented gingiva. The patients were treated with 940 nm diode laser with power settings from 0.5 W to 2 W depending on the case. The post-operative healing was uneventful in most cases and favourable outcomes were observed. The diode laser offered surgical advantages like ­ dry field, disinfection of surgical site and suture-less surgery. In addition, the authors observed better patient satisfaction owing to minimal post-operative pain or swelling and immediate relief in case of dentinal hypersensitivity. This paper presents both surgical and non-surgical applications of diode laser along with the technical aspects. Even though the available literature does not lend substantial evidence for direct comparison of diode laser with conventional techniques, it is safe to conclude that diode laser is an efficient tool for routine use in dentistry.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Periodontal Pocket , Dentin Sensitivity , Esthetics, Dental , Laser Therapy , Ankyloglossia , Gingivectomy
4.
São José dos Campos; s.n; 2020. 76 p. il., graf., tab..
Thesis in Portuguese | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1150922

ABSTRACT

A destruição periodontal resulta principalmente da resposta inflamatória exacerbada do hospedeiro frente ao desafio bacteriano. Por isso, pesquisas envolvendo a modulação da resposta do hospedeiro têm sido desenvolvidas com o objetivo de facilitar a resolução da inflamação, bem como promover reparação tecidual e estabilidade periodontal. Recentemente, o uso de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de ômega-3 (AGP Ω-3) e ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) foi relacionado à produção de mediadores lipídicos mais bioativos e à melhores resultados clínicos no tratamento de periodontite crônica. Desse modo, pesquisas envolvendo modulação das respostas inflamatórias de portadores de periodontite agressiva (PAg) podem ser de grande valia. Assim, o objetivo dos presentes estudos clínicos controlados randomizados foi avaliar a utilização da suplementação de 900 mg AGP Ω-3 e 100 mg de AAS por 180 dias como adjuvantes ao tratamento de PAg generalizada (PAgG). (1) Selecionou-se 38 pacientes com PAgG os quais receberam debridamento subgengival associado a AGP Ω-3 e AAS (n=19) ou placebo (n=19). Ambos os grupos apresentaram diminuição (p<0,05) em todos os parâmetros clínicos avaliados, bem como em IL-1ß, sem diferença entre os tratamentos (p>0,05). O nível de TIMP-2 diminuiu significantemente no grupo controle, porém se manteve estável no grupo teste. Concluiu-se que a nova terapia proposta não trouxe benefícios clínicos no tratamento não-cirúrgico de PAgG. (2) Selecionou-se 34 pacientes com PAgG previamente submetidos à terapia básica que apresentavam bolsas residuais e foram submetidos à cirurgia de acesso para raspagem e alisamento radicular associado a AGP Ω-3 e AAS (n=17) ou placebo (n=17). Após 6 meses, ambos os grupos obtiveram diminuição na PS (p<0,05), porém somente o grupo teste obteve ganho no NIC na comparação intergrupo (p=0,02), assim como apresentou menor recessão gengival (p=0,03), diminuição da hipersensibilidade dentinária (p=0,01), menor consumo de analgésicos (p=0,02) e diminuição intragrupo de IL-10 (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que a nova terapia proposta trouxe benefícios clínicos no tratamento de bolsas residuais de pacientes com PAgG(AU)


Periodontal destruction results mainly from the exacerbated host inflammatory response to the bacterial challenge. For this reason, research involving the modulation of host response has been developed aiming to facilitate the resolution of inflammation, as well as to promote tissue repair and periodontal stability. Recently, the use of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Ω-3 PUFA) and low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was related to the production of enhanced lipidic mediators and to better clinical outcomes in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Thus, the aim of the present randomized controlled clinical trials was to evaluate the use of 900 mg Ω-3PUFA and 100 mg ASA for 180 days as adjuvants to the treatment of generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). (1) Thirty-eight GAgP patients were submitted to subgingival debridement associated with Ω-3 PUFA and ASA (n=19) or placebo (n=19). Both groups showed a statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) in all clinical parameters, as well as a decrease in IL-1ß, with no difference between treatments (p>0.05). The TIMP-2 level significantly decreased in the control group and remained stable in the test group. It was concluded that the proposed new therapy did not bring clinical benefits in the non-surgical treatment (NST) of GAgP. (2) Thirty-four GAgP patients previously submitted to NST with residual pockets were selected and underwent open flap debridement associated with Ω-3 PUFA 3 and ASA (n=17) or placebo (n=17). After 6 months, both therapies led to decreased PD (p>0.05), but only the test group had CAL gain in the intergroup comparison (p=0,02), as well as presented less gingival recession (p=0,03), decreased dentin hypersensitivity (p=0,01), lower consumption of analgesics (p=0,02) and significant intragroup reduction of IL-10 (p<0.05). It was concluded that the proposed new therapy brought clinical benefits in the surgical treatment of GAgP patient(AU)


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Omega-3/administration & dosage , Periodontal Pocket/complications , Aggressive Periodontitis/diagnosis , Aspirin/pharmacology , Immunologic Factors/immunology
5.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-900316

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Dentro de las enfermedades gingivales en niños y adolescentes el cuadro clínico más prevalente es la gingivitis asociada a la placa bacteriana; más aún, es la afección más prevalente dentro de todas las enfermedades periodontales. El progreso de la gingivitis a la periodontitis implica la interrelación de una serie de factores de riesgo y factores contribuyentes que progresarán en la pérdida de la inserción periodontal. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo resumir las principales características de la enfermedad periodontal en niños, así como mostrar la secuencia clínica del diagnóstico y tratamiento de un paciente niño con enfermedad periodontal localizada a quien se realizó el tratamiento periodontal básico para revertir los efectos causados en el periodonto de inserción y de soporte. Resultados: El seguimiento del caso clínico mostró una reducción del índice de sangrado, índice de placa bacteriana e índice de higiene oral. Conclusión: Se concluye que la evaluación periodontal de pacientes pediátricos y adolescentes debe ser parte rutinaria del examen odontológico, y que un tratamiento conservador permite revertir los efectos de la enfermedad periodontal en este tipo de pacientes.


ABSTRACT: Gingivitis is the most prevalent clinical condition in the gum diseases presented in children and adolescents, as well as being the most prevalent of all periodontal diseases. The progression of gingivitis to periodontitis involves the interplay of a number of risk and contributing factors that will progress into loss of periodontal attachment. This article aims to summarise the main characteristics of periodontal disease in children and to present the clinical diagnosis and treatment of a patient with localised periodontal disease on whom the basic periodontal treatment was performed to reverse the effects caused by the loss of periodontal attachment. Results: The monitoring of the case showed a reduction in bleeding index, plaque index, and oral hygiene index. Conclusion: It is concluded that periodontal evaluation of children and adolescents should be part of the routine dental examination as a conservative treatment can reverse the effects of periodontal disease in these patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Periodontal Diseases , Periodontitis , Therapeutics , Gingiva , Gingival Diseases
6.
Rev. Asoc. Odontol. Argent ; 105(2): 63-69, jun. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-908057

ABSTRACT

La existencia de una íntima conexión entre el conducto radicular y el ligamento periodontal, ha dado lugar a lo que se conoce como relaciones endoperiodontales. Esto se debe a la presencia de varias vías anatómicas de comunicación entre ambas entidades: el foramen apical, los forámenes laterales pertenecientes a conductos accesorios y conductillos dentinarios en zonas de ausencia del cemento dentario protector. Los microorganismos y sus agentes tóxicos tienen la capacidad de afectar ambos tejidos en esa interrelación física y biológica. El diagnóstico diferencial entre enfermedad endodóntica y periodontal es de vital importancia para la elección del tratamiento y el pronóstico a distancia.


The intimate connection between the root canal and theperiodontal ligament generates a concept that is known asendo-periodontal relationships. This is due to the presence ofseveral anatomical communications between them: apical foramen,lateral foramina and dentinal tubules denuded of theircementum coverage. Microorganisms and their toxic agentscan affect both tissues due to this physical and biological interrelation.Proper differential between endodontic and periodontaletiology is vital to the accurate choice of treatment andfor the long term prognosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histology , Dental Pulp Diseases/physiopathology , Periodontal Diseases/physiopathology , Periodontal Ligament/anatomy & histology , Diagnosis, Differential , Dental Fistula/complications , Dental Fistula/diagnosis , Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , Dental Pulp Necrosis/microbiology , Periodontal Diseases/microbiology , Periodontal Pocket/microbiology , Retreatment/methods , Root Canal Therapy/methods
7.
Kasmera ; 45(1): 16-23, ene.-jun. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1008016

ABSTRACT

Algunos microorganismos inusuales han sido aislados en muestras de cavidad bucal de pacientes con enfermedad periodontal. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la frecuencia de Staphylococcus spp. en bolsas periodontales basado en las características epidemiológicas de pacientes que acuden a un centro odontológico en el Municipio San Diego, Edo Carabobo. Se estudiaron muestras provenientes de bolsas periodontales de 50 pacientes que asistieron al centro odontológico. Las cepas aisladas se identificaron mediante pruebas bioquímicas, y finalmente se determinó el perfil de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana. Se obtuvo que la frecuencia de pacientes portadores de Staphylococcus spp. fue de 32%, 16 pacientes. Se aisló con mayor frecuencia Staphylococcus Coagulasa Negativa (SCN) en 10 pacientes, seguido de S. aureus en 6. Con respecto al perfil de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana se determinó que de las 6 cepas aisladas de Staphylococcus aureus, 2 resultaron ser Meticilino-resistentes. La presencia de Staphylococcus spp en bolsas periodontales es de baja frecuencia; sin embargo en este estudio, se demostró la presencia de dichos microorganismos en 32% del total de los pacientes estudiados, lo que significa que estos pacientes están más colonizados de lo que se cree.


Some unusual microorganisms have been isolated from samples of patients with oral cavity periodontal disease. The objective of this research was to determine the frequency of Staphylococcus spp. in periodontal pockets based on the epidemiological characteristics of patients attending a dental center in the municipality of San Diego, Carabobo state. Samples from periodontal pockets of 50 patients attending the dental center were studied. The isolated strains were identified by biochemical tests and finally the profile of antimicrobial susceptibility was determined. It was found that the frequency of patients with Staphylococcus spp. was 32%, 16 patients. Staphylococcus Coagulase Negative (SCN) was isolated in 10 patients, followed by S. aureus in 6. Regarding to antimicrobial susceptibility profile, it was determined that of the 6 isolated strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 2 proved to be Methicillin-resistant. The presence of Staphylococcus spp. in periodontal pockets is low frequency; however in this study, the presence of said microorganism was determined in 32% of the patients studied, which means that these patients are more colonized than what is believed.

8.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 27(1): 30-38, ene. 2017. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-991167

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: El estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la presencia de bacilos negro pigmentantés (BNP) en bolsas periodontales de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 y determinar una relación con su control glicémico. Material y métodos: Se evaluó un número total de 46 pacientes que cumplían con los criterio de inclusión en el estudio, de los cuales quedaron 20 por haber concluido con todas las pruebas realizadas en el estudio, como el estudio microbiológico de sus muestras de placa subgingival y las pruebas de hemoglobina glicosilada que se realizó en forma periódica en los 3 meses que se evaluó a los pacientes. Resultados: De los 20 pacientes evaluados que completaron todas sus pruebas, 14 eran mujeres y 6 varones, con un rango de edad de 40 a 68 años, pudiéndose identificar estos bacilos negro pigmentantés (BNP) en el 20 % de casos con diagnóstico de periodontitis moderada a severa (periodontitis moderada: bolsa periodontal de 6 a 7 mm y Periodontitis severa: bolsa periodontal mayor de 7 mm), presentando estos pacientes un control glicémico de condición bueno a moderado (control bueno: = 6.9 % HbAc1y control moderado: 7 a 7.9 % HbAc1). La prueba estadística realizada para valorar la relación presencia BNP y el control glicémico fue de Chi cuadrado el cual no determino significancia de la relación (P > 5 %). Conclusiones: Se identificó la presencia de BNP en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 pero más relacionado a pacientes con cuadros de periodontitis moderada a severa y con un control glicémico de bueno a moderado, no presentando significancia estadística.


Objectives: The study aimed to identify the presence of bacilli black pigments in periodontal pockets of type 2 diabetic patients and determine a relationship with glycemic control. Material and methods: A total of 46 patients who met the criteria for inclusion in the study, of which were 20 for having completed all tests in the study, such as microbiological analysis of samples of subgingival plaque and evaluated glycosylated hemoglobin tests held periodically in the 3 months patients were assessed. Results: Of the 20 patients evaluated, 14 were women and 6 men, with an age range of 40 to 68 years, being able to identify these black bacilli pigments (BNP) in 20% of cases diagnosed with moderate to severe periodontitis (periodontitis. moderate: periodontal pocket of 6 to 7 mm and severe periodontitis: greater periodontal pocket of 7 mm), presenting these patients glycemic control in good condition to moderate (good control: = 6,9 % HbAc1 and moderate control: 7 to 7,9 % HbAc1) . The statistical test performed to assess the presence relationship BNP and glycemic control was Chi square which does not determine significance of the relationship (P> 5%). Conclusions: It was possible to identify the presence of BNP in patients with type 2 diabetes but more related to patients with moderate to severe pictures periodontitis and with good glycemic control to moderate, showing no statistical significance.

9.
CES odontol ; 28(2): 35-46, jul.-dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780587

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción y objetivo: La información epidemiológica acerca de la prevalencia de las enfermedades periodontales en adolescentes en Suramérica es escaza. Un estudio en Chile reportó que el 69,2% de los estudiantes adolescentes entre 12 y 21 años, tenían pérdida del nivel de inserción clínico > 1mm, el 16% > 2mm y el 4,5% >3mm. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar las características epidemiológicas de la pérdida de inserción clínica de una muestra de adolescentes del Municipio de Medellín. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal como parte de un estudio multicéntrico sobre prevalencia de pérdida de inserción en Suramérica. Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente estudiantes entre 15 y 19 años de escuelas públicas y privadas del municipio de Medellín. Se evaluaron el nivel clínico de inserción (NIC), el sangrado al sondaje (BoP) y la profundidad clínica de sondaje. Resultados: Se evaluaron 73 estudiantes con un predominio del género masculino del 52,1%. El sangrado al sondaje y el índice de placa en mujeres fue de 11,1±10,8 y 54,2±26,1 respectivamente, mientras que en los hombres fue de 15,1±15 y 44,2±21,1. Se encontró que el 65% de los hombres y el 60 % de las mujeres tenían pérdida de inserción > 1mm. La prevalencia de pérdida de inserción >3 mm fue de 14 % en mujeres. Conclusión: La prevalencia de pérdida de inserción leve en estudiantes de 15-19 años de colegios públicos y privados de la ciudad de Medellín es alta.


Abstract Introduction and objetive: The epidemiological information on the prevalence of periodontal disease in adolescents in South America is scarce. A study in Chile reported that 69.2% of teenage students between 12 and 21 years, had loss of clinical attachment level > 1 mm, 16% had > 2 mm loss and 4.5% >3mm. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological characteristics of the loss of a clinical sample of adolescents from Medellin insertion. Materials and method: A cross-sectional study was conducted as part of a multicenter study in South America. Students between 15 and 19 years were randomized to public and private in the city of Medellin. Clinical attachment level (NIC), bleeding on probing (BOP) and clinical probing depth were evaluated. Results: 73 students were evaluated with a prevalence of 52.1% male. Bleeding on probing and plaque index in women was 11.1 ± 10.8 and 54.2 ± 26.1respectively, while in men was 15.1 ± 15 and 44.2 ± 21, 1, respectively. It was found that 65% of men and 60% of women had insertion loss > 1mm. The prevalence of attachment loss >3 mm was 14% in women. Conclusion: The prevalence of incipient clinical attachment loss is high in this sample of students aged 15-19.

10.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 20(3): 119-126, jul.-sept. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-568229

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar con cuál sonda periodontal se consigue mayor exactitud en el sondaje in vitro teniendo en cuenta el factor experiencia. La muestra estuvo conformada por seis examinadores, tres docentes y tres alumnos del programa de Maestría en Periodoncia de la USMP. Se usaron cuatro sondas: Marquis, OMS, Golman Fox y Carolina del Norte. Se utilizó un Modelo de Periodoncia 2 (PRODENS®) en el que se crearon defectos óseos de diferentes tamaños y opacando la encía que era transparente. Un primer sondaje fue realizado en condiciones extrabucales óptimas. Los valores obtenidos fueron registrados como Patrón de Oro. El modelo se instaló en un simulador OSCAR (KAVO®) con la finalidad de reproducir condiciones clínicas. Cada examinador realizó sondajes en cada una de las piezas en seis puntos, en cuatro sesiones diferentes, con un intervalo de una semana, utilizando una sonda periodontal diferente a la utilizada en la sesión previa e iniciando el procedimiento en regiones bucales distintas. Se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas: t de Student, ANOVA, de comparciones multiples de Scheffe, kappa y de Wilcoxon. Todas la sondas utilizadas no mostraron diferencia de comportamiento a la hora de registrar las mediciones (p > 0,05) sin embargo cuando las evaluamos contrastando con la coincidencia intraoperador comenzamos a encontrar que las sonda Marquis y Carolina del Norte presentaron mejor desempeño (p < 0,05). Finalmente se registro buena concordancia entre las medidas realizadas por los docentes y los maestrandos (p=0643).


The objective of this study was to determine which periodontal probe has more accuracy in vitro probing considering the experience of the examiner. The sample were six examiners, three faculty members and three students of the Master in Periodontology at the USMP. Four probes were used: Marquis, WHO, Golman Fox and North Carolina. We also use a Periodontology model (PRODENS®) where periodontal defects of different dimensions were made. Records were taken in extrabuccal optimal conditions. The values obtained were considered Gold standards. The model was installes in the Oscar simulator (KAVO®) with the purpose of reproduce clinical conditions. Each examiner made records in six points of all the teeth in four different sessions with a lapse of a week using a different probe and starting each probing in different areas. We use t Student, ANOVA, Scheffe, kappa and Wilcoxon as statistic tests. The results indicate that the probes do not make difference at the moment of take the records (p > 0.05). At the moment of the evaluation of inter-examiner variability. We also found that the Marquis and North Carolina probes are the most accurate. Finally, we record a good concordance in the records taken by the faculty members and the master students.


Subject(s)
Humans , Analysis of Variance , Periodontal Pocket , Reproducibility of Results , Prospecting Probe
11.
Rev. salud pública ; 12(4): 647-657, ago. 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-574937

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Determinar las necesidades de tratamiento periodontal (NTP) utilizando el índice Comunitario de Necesidades de Tratamiento Periodontal (ICNTP) en una muestra de habitantes de la región Mixteca del estado de Puebla. Material y Métodos Se realizó un estudio transversal en el que se incluyeron 50 pacientes de la clínica rural de Nativitas Cautempan, Puebla., México. Para determinar el estado de salud periodontal se utilizaron el índice Gingival y el índice Comunitario de Necesidades de Tratamiento Periodontal propuesto por la Organización Mundial de la Salud y la Federación Dental Internacional, aplicados por el mismo investigador previamente capacitado y estandarizado. En el análisis, se calculó media y desviación estándar para las variables cuantitativas y frecuencias y proporciones para las variables categóricas. Resultados La edad promedio fue 37,6± 13,6 años. El 60,0 por ciento fueron mujeres, cuya principal ocupación fue amas de casa (46,0 por ciento). El 14 por ciento fueron campesinos. El índice gingival reportó 50,0 por ciento, 32,0 por ciento y 14,0 por ciento para gingivitis leve, moderada y severa, respectivamente. Los sextantes posteriores superiores presentaron mas comúnmente bolsas de 4 a 5 mm, los sextantes anteriores, cálculo y los posteriores inferiores cálculo y hemorragia. El 94,0 por ciento de los pacientes requiere tratamiento periodontal en un promedio de 3,6 sextantes por paciente. Conclusiones Las necesidades de tratamiento periodontal fueron altas en este estudio, nueve de cada diez pacientes de la región Mixteca del Estado de Puebla lo requieren. Es necesario encaminar esfuerzos con el fin de mejorar la salud bucal en las comunidades indígenas.


Objective This study was aimed at determining periodontal treatment needs, as determined by the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need (CPITN), in a sample of adults from the Mixteca region of the State of Puebla, in Mexico. Materials and Methods This was a descriptive, cross-sectional, single-centre study. Previous informed consent was obtained; 60.0 percent of the sample were women whose main activity was housework (46 percent), 14.0 percent were farmers. Average age was 37.6 ± 13.6. Gingival and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Need proposed by the World Health Organisation and the International Dental Federation were used; they were implemented by the same, previously-standardised researcher. Means, standard deviations and confidence intervals were calculated for dimensional variables and percentages for categorical ones. Results The gingival index gave 50.0 percent light gingivitis, 32.0 percent moderate and 14.0 percent severe gingivitis. The rear superior sextants commonly showed more 4 to 5 mm pockets, the front sextants calculus and the rear inferior sextants showed calculus and bleeding. 94.0 percent of the patients required periodontal treatment (3.6 sextants per patient average). Conclusions Periodontal treatment needs were high in this study; nine out of ten patients in the Mixteca region of the State of Puebla required periodontal treatment. Efforts must thus be guided towards improving oral health in indigenous communities.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Dental Health Services/supply & distribution , Gingivitis/epidemiology , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data , Periodontal Index , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Cross-Sectional Studies , Mexico/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index
12.
Rev. Estomat ; 18(1): 35-44, jul. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-563315

ABSTRACT

El manejo ortodóncico que se debe dar a pacientes con compromiso periodontal ha sido ampliamente debatido a lo largo de los años. Antiguamente se proponían manejos totalmente conservadores y solo los procedimientos quirúrgicos periodontales se tenían en cuenta para devolver algo de la función de los componentes del complejo dentoalveolar que se habían perdido. En la actualidad ha sido posible comprobar cómo el tratamiento ortodóncico en este tipo de pacientes no está contraindicado si siguen unos protocolos de manejo adecuados y paradójicamente la ortodoncia se ha convertido en una opción para solucionar muchas de las secuelas que deja la enfermedad periodontal.


The orthodontic treatment for patients with periodontal disease has been debated for many years. At first, conservativetreatments were proposed, where only periodontal surgical procedures were used to reestablish the function of the dentoalveolar complex that had been lost. Nowadays, it is possible to demonstrate that orthodontic treatment is not contraindicated in this type of patients if there are followed some management protocols and paradoxically orthodontics has become an option for solving many of the periodontal disease sequelae.


Subject(s)
Orthodontics , Periodontal Diseases , Disarticulation , Periodontal Pocket , Periodontitis
13.
Acta odontol. latinoam ; 23(1): 20-26, Apr. 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-949631

ABSTRACT

The oral cavity can act as a reservoir of certain pathogens that can cause systemic infections. The periodontal pocket is an ecological niche appropriate for hosting microorganisms that could act as opportunistic pathogens. The ability of Staphylococcus spp and Candida spp to form a biofilm and live within certain niches allows them to develop mechanisms that increase persistence, such as the evasion of host defenses and antibiotic efficacy. These microorganisms can easily be or become resistant to antibiotics and lead to superinfection. The aims of this study were to assess the presence of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus spp in biofilm in subgingival plaque and oral cavity of individuals with gingival-periodontal disease, to identify isolates and the relationship with Candida spp. The study included eighty-two patients, aged 18-70 years with periodontal disease and at least two sites with probing depth ≥3 mm. Participants’ data were evaluated individually. Subgingival biofilm samples were obtained using Gracey curettes 7/8, after supragingival biofilm removal, and a sample from the oral cavity (buccal mucosa, tongue and cheek mucosa) by sterile swab. Of all the patients studied, 42.7% exhibited Staphylococcus spp in the periodontal pocket and 69.5% in the oral cavity while 25.6% exhibited Candida spp in the periodontal pocket and 42.7% in the oral cavity. However, 13.4% had both microorganisms in the periodontal pocket and 36.6% in the oral cavity. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus was 13.4% in the periodontal pocket and 15.8% in the oral cavity. Candida albicans was the most prevalent yeast in the periodontal pocket (76.2%) and in the oral cavity (63.0%).


La cavidad bucal puede actuar como reservorio de ciertos patógenos que pueden producir infecciones sistémicas. La bolsa periodontal es un nicho ecológico propicio para albergar microorganismos que podrian actuar como patógenos oportunistas. La posibilidad que Staphylococcus spp y Candida spp puedan formar un biofilm o biopelícula y vivir dentro de ciertos nichos les permite a estos microorganismos desarrollar ciertos mecanismos que aumentan su persistencia como ser la capacidad de eludir las defensas del huésped y la terapia antimicrobiana. Estos microorganismos pueden ser o fácilmente convertirse en resistentes a los antibióticos y dar origen a una supeinfección. El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus y Staphylococcus spp en biofilm placa subgingival y en cavidad oral en sujetos con enfermedad gingivoperiodontal, identificar los microorganismos aislados y su relación con la portación de Candida spp. El estudio incluyo ochenta y dos pacientes, de edades entre 18 a 70 anos de edad, con enfermedad periodontal, y al menos dos sitios con la profundidad de sondaje ≥ 3 mm. Se evaluaron los datos individuales. Las muestras de biofilm subgingival fueron obtenidas con cureta tipo Gracey 7/8, previa remoción del biofilm supragingival y una muestra de cavidad oral (mucosa, lengua y carrillo) mediante hisopo estéril. Del total de los pacientes estudiados, el 42,7% mostraron Staphylococcus spp en la bolsa y el 69,5% en la cavidad oral, mientras que 25,6% mostraron Candida spp en la bolsa y 42,7% en la cavidad oral. Sin embargo, el 13,4% tenían ambos microorganismos en la bolsa y el 36,6% en la cavidad oral. La prevalencia de Staphylococcus aureus en la bolsa periodontal fue de 13,4% y 15,8% en la cavidad oral. Candida albicans fue la levadura más frecuente en la bolsa periodontal (76,2%) y en la cavidad oral (63,0%).


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Periodontal Pocket/microbiology , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification , Candida/isolation & purification , Mouth/microbiology
14.
Rev. bras. odontol ; 62(3/4): 224-226, 2005.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-541748

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é fornecer uma visão geral do uso do vidro bioativo na terapia periodontal regenerativa. As partículas de vidro bioativo oferecem várias qualidades como a propriedade de permanecer estáveis no interior do defeito e de provocar hemostasia. Além disso, esse material se mostrou biocompatível e foi incorpordo ao tecido ósseo. Este artigo revisa experiências clínicas do tratamento de defeitos periodontais infra-ósseo preenchidos com partículas de vidro bioativo. Vários casos apontam as vantagens desse material aloplástico; entretanto, alguns deles questionam os resultados obtidos com o uso do vidro bioativo.


Subject(s)
Alveolar Bone Loss , Periodontal Pocket/therapy , Glass , Regenerative Medicine/methods , Bone Substitutes/therapeutic use , Review Literature as Topic
15.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 36(3): 181-196, sep.-dic. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-628321

ABSTRACT

Se evalúa la eficacia del osteocoral como material de implante en el tratamiento de bolsas infraóseas en dientes multirradiculares. Se analizaron 14 pacientes que se dividieron en 2 grupos: el primero incluyó a 6 pacientes con un total de 12 defectos, los cuales se evaluaron hasta los 6 meses. El segundo, con 8 pacientes y 16 defectos, que se reevaluaron a los 12 y 24 meses. En los 2 grupos se incluyeron pacientes de ambos sexos, que fueron implantados con osteocoral (grupo estudio) y con hidroxiapatita (grupo control). Se realizó reparación inicial que incluyó remoción de cálculo y pulido de la superficie dentaria, educación y motivación y evaluación del cepillado, que debía mostrar valores iguales o mayores del 80 % en la remoción de placa dentobacteriana. Posteriormente se realizó el implante mediante operación a colgajo. Se realizaron radiografías de control a los 14 días, 6 meses (para el primer grupo) y 12 y 24 meses (para el segundo grupo). Se controló sistemáticamente la higiene bucal en ambos grupos. Se controlaron nuevamente los indicadores clínicos a los 6 meses para el primer grupo, y a los 12 y 24 meses para el segundo. Se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa en el índice gingival, profundidad de la bolsa y movilidad dentaria para ambos materiales implantológicos, sin que se reportaran grandes diferencias entre éstos. Radiográficamente se observó la presencia de relleno en el defecto original, y no hubo reacciones locales adversas, por lo que se consideró efectivo el tratamiento.


Effectiveness of osteocoral was assessed as material for implants at infraosseous pockets of multirooted teeth. 14 analised patients were divided into 2 groups: first, included 6 cases and 16 defects, which were evaluated ultil 6 months. Second, included 8 cases and 16 defects, evaluated at 12 and 24 months. In both groups, males and women, were included underwent to implants with osteocoral (study group) and hydroxiapatite (controls). Initial repair was performed including removal of calculus and polishing of denture surface, education, motivation, and assessment of tooth-brushing, which must show values similar or greater than 80 % in removal of dentobacterial plaque. Subsequently, implant was carried out by means of surgery or flap. Control X-rays were obtained within 14 days, 6 months (first group), and 12 and 24 months (second group). Systematically, we made control of oral hygiene in both groups. Again, clinical indicators were controlled within 6 months (first group) and 12 and 24 monts (second group). There was an statistically significant decrease in gingival index, pocket deep, and tooth loosening for both implant material, without large differences each another. Radiographically, we observed presence of filling material in original defect. There weren?t adverse local reactions and treatment was considered as effective.

16.
Rev. cuba. estomatol ; 36(3): 203-211, sep.-dic. 1999.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-628323

ABSTRACT

Se evaluó la eficacia del osteocoral como material de implante en el tratamiento de bolsas infraóseas de dientes monorradiculares. Se realizaron 18 injertos en 17 dientes con defectos angulares, en 6 pacientes de ambos sexos; 9 implantes correspondieron al grupo control con hidroxiapatita y 9 al grupo de estudio que fue implantado con osteocoral. Se realizó preparación inicial que incluyó: remoción de cálculos y pulido de las superficies dentarias, educación y motivación sobre el tratamiento recibido, corrección del cepillado igual o mayor al 80 % en la remoción de placa dentobacteriana. Se realizó el implante mediante operación a colgajo, con sutura y colocación de apósito periodontal. Se realizaron radiografías de control a los 14 días, a los 3 y 6 meses. Se controló sistemáticamente la higiene bucal. A los 6 meses se registraron nuevamente los indicadores clínicos. El análisis final de los resultados mostró una disminución estadísticamente significativa en el índice gingival, profundidad de la bolsa al sondeo y movilidad dentaria para ambos materiales implantológicos. No se reportaron grandes diferencias entre éstos para este tamaño de muestra, no hubo reacciones adversas y se logró la permanencia del implante de osteocoral, por lo que se consideró efectivo el tratamiento.


Effectivenes of osteocoral as implant material was assessed to treat infraosseous pockets of multirooted teeth. 18 grafts were inserted in 17 teeth with angular defects in 6 patients of both sexes; 9 implants corresponded to control group (hydroxiapatite) and 9 corresponded to study group (osteocoral). Initial preparation included: removal of calculus and polishing of dental surface, education and motivation about treatment applied, correction of tooth-brushing equal or greater 80 % in removal of dentobacterial plaque. Implant was inserted by flap surgery using suture and placement of periodontal dresssing. Control X-rays were made within 14 days, 3 and 6 months. There was a systematic control of oral hygiene. At 6 months clinical indicators were registered again. Final analysis of results showed and statistically significant decrease in gingival index, deep of pocket by visualization and tooth loosening for both implant materials. There weren´t great differences each another to this size of sample neither adverse reactions, and permanence of osteocoral´s implant was achieved and for this reason treatment was considered successful.

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