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Rev. saúde pública ; 46(6): 978-987, Dez. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-667617

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of borderline blood pressure (BBP) and hypertension (HT) among young adults and to assess the association between size at birth and BBP/HT. METHODS: Data were collected from the fi rst Ribeirão Preto Birth Cohort Study conducted in the city of Ribeirão Preto, southeastern Brazil, that started in 1978-1979. Of the 6,827 singletons born in hospitals, 2,060 were assessed at 23-25 years of age. Blood samples were collected, an anthropometric assessment was performed, and information was obtained regarding occupation, schooling, life habits and chronic diseases. Blood pressure (BP) was classifi ed as: 1) BBP: systolic BP (SBP) ≥ 130 mm Hg and < 140 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥ 85 mm Hg and < 90 mm Hg; and 2) HT: SBP ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mm Hg. A polytomic logistic regression model was used. RESULTS: BBP prevalence was 13.5% (males: 23.2%) and HT prevalence 9.5% (males: 17.7%). BBP was independently associated with male gender (relative risk [RR] 8.84; 95%CI 6.09;12.82); birth length ≥ 50 cm (RR 1.97; 1.04;3.73); body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 (RR 3.23; 2.02;5.15); and high waist circumference (RR 1.61; 1.13;2.29), while HT was associated with male gender (RR 15.18; 8.92;25.81); BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (RR 3.68; 2.23;6.06); high waist circumference (RR 2.68; 1.77;4.05); and elevated blood glucose (RR 2.55; 1.27; 5.10), but not with birth length. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of BBP and HT among young adults of this cohort was higher in males than females. Greater birth length was associated with BBP, but not with HT, whereas birth weight was not associated with either BBP or HT. Adult risk factors explained most of the increase in the levels of BBP and HT.


OBJETIVO: Descrever a prevalência de pressão arterial limítrofe (PAL) e hipertensão (HT) entre adultos jovens e avaliar a associação entre tamanho ao nascer e PAL/HT. MÉTODOS: Dados foram coletados do primeiro estudo brasileiro de coorte de nascimentos em Ribeirão Preto (sudeste do Brasil), iniciado em 1978/79. De 6.827 recém-nascidos de parto único hospitalar, 2.060 foram avaliados aos 23/25 anos. Foram realizadas coleta de sangue, avaliação antropométrica e obtidas informações sobre ocupação, escolaridade, hábitos de vida e doenças crônicas. Pressão arterial (PA) foi classificada em: 1) PAL: PA sistólica (PAS) ≥ 130 e < 140 mm Hg e/ou PA diastólica (PAD) ≥ 85 e < 90 mmHg; 2) HT: PAS ≥ 140 e/ou PAD ≥ 90 mm Hg. Foi aplicado modelo de regressão logística politômica. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de PAL foi de 13,5% (homens 23,2%) e a de HT, 9,5% (homens 17,7%). PAL foi independentemente associada com sexo masculino (RR 8,84; IC95%: 6,09;12,82), comprimento ao nascer ≥ 50 cm (RR 1,97; 1,04; 3,73), índice de massa corporal (IMC) ≥ 30 kg/m² (RR 3,23; 2,02; 5,15) e circunferência de cintura alterada (RR 1,61; 1,13;2,29), enquanto HT associou-se com sexo masculino (RR 15,18; 8,92;25,81), IMC ≥ 30 kg/m² (RR 3,68; 2,23;6,06), circunferência de cintura alterada (RR 2,68; 1,77;4,05) e glicemia elevada (RR 2,55; 1,27;5,10), mas não com comprimento ao nascer. CONCLUSÕES: As prevalências de PAL e HT entre os adultos jovens dessa coorte foram maiores em homens que em mulheres. Maior comprimento ao nascer foi associado com PAL, mas não com HT, enquanto peso ao nascer não foi associado com PAL ou HT. Fatores de risco do adulto explicaram a maioria dos aumentos de PAL ou HT.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Young Adult , Birth Weight/physiology , Blood Pressure/physiology , Hypertension/epidemiology , Biomarkers , Body Height/physiology , Body Mass Index , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Obesity/epidemiology , Prehypertension/epidemiology , Prevalence , Sex Distribution , Socioeconomic Factors
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