ABSTRACT
Bowdichia virgilioides (Fabaceae - Papilionoidea), popularly known as Sucupira-preta, is a Brazilian native tree used in the traditional medicine against throat infections. Due this fact and due the interest to validate the traditional use, the objective of this work was evaluates the in vitro antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions of the stem and heartwood of the plant. The phytochemical profile revealed the presence of tannins and flavonoids in the stem and heartwood, and only alkaloids in the stem.The HPLC analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic acids, natural products with several biological activities, including the modifying antibiotic activity. All microrganisms were inhibited only with MIC > 1024 microgramo/mL. However, when associated with aminoglycosides, was demonstrated a potentiation of these antibiotics when associated with almost all products assayed and against one bacterium at least.
Bowdichia virgilioides (Fabaceae - Papilionoidea), popularmente conhecida como Sucupira-preta, é uma espécie arbórea nativa do Brasil utilizadas na medicina popular para infecções de garganta. Com base nessas evidências, e com o interesse para justificar o uso popular, este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a atividade antibacteriana in vitro de extratos brutos e fracionados de cascas e cerne da planta. Observou-se pela conclusão do levantamento fitoquímico a presença de taninos e flavonóides nas cascas e no cerne, e alcalóides apenas encontrados na casca. A análise por HPLC revelou a presença de flavonóides e ácidos fenólicos, produtos naturais, com diversas atividades biológicas, incluindo a atividade modificadora antibiótica. Todos os microorganismos foram inibidos apenas com o CIM > 1024 ug/mL. No entanto, quando associado a antibióticos aminoglicosídeos, foi demonstrada potenciação destes em quase todos os produtos testados e em pelo menos uma bactéria foi observada uma atividade moduladora significativa.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Fabaceae/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacteria , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Flavonoids/analysis , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Tannins/analysisABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a germinação in vitro e a aclimatação de plantas de sucupira-preta (Bowdichia virgilioides). Sementes escarificadas e não escarificadas foram inoculadas em tubos de ensaio contendo meio de cultura MS ou WPM, com 100 ou 50% dos sais e vitaminas; suplementados com dois tipos de aditivos, carvão ativado e PVP, e mantidas em sala de cultura. Utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualisado em esquema fatorial 2x4 (dois aditivos e quatro formulações de meio de cultura) com quatro repetições e seis sementes por repetição. Aos 30 dias obteve-se o percentual de germinação e o índice de velocidade de germinação (IVG). As plantas foram transferidas para tubetes, contendo substrato e aclimatadas em casa de vegetação, onde permaneceram durante 60 dias, sendo transferidas para casa de sombra, onde permaneceram por mais 60 dias. Aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias avaliaram-se o percentual de sobrevivência e a altura das mudas aclimatadas. A germinação in vitro de sementes escarificadas apresenta os maiores percentuais utilizando-se os meios de cultura MS e WPM reduzidos à metade da concentração dos sais e vitaminas. A germinação ocorre independentemente do aditivo utilizado tanto para sementes escarificadas como para as não escarificadas. A aclimatação das plantas germinadas in vitro ocorre independentemente do histórico de aditivos ou meios de cultura utilizados.
Thiss tudy objectived to evaluate the in vitro germination and acclimatization of plants sucupirapreta (Bowdichia virgilioides). Scarified and not scarified seeds were inoculated in test tubes containing culture medium MSorWPM, 100 or 50% of salts and vitamins, supplemented with two types of additives, activated charcoal and PVP, and kept in culture room. We used acompletely randomized in a 2x4 factorial design (2additives and 4culture medium formulations) with 4 replications and6 seeds per replicate. At 30 days gave the germination percentage and germination speed index(IVG). Plants were transferred to tubes containing substrate and acclimatized in a greenhouse, where they remained for 60days and transferred to a dusk house, where they remained for another 60days.At 30, 60, 90 and 120 days, we assessed the percentage of survival and seedling height acclimated. The in vitro germination of scarified seeds had the highest percentage using culture media MS and WPM halved the concentration of salts and vitamins. Germination occurred regardless of additive used both to scarified and note scarified seeds. The acclimation of plants germinated in vitro occurred regardless of additives history or culture media used.
Subject(s)
In Vitro Techniques , Germination , Seedlings , FabaceaeABSTRACT
Current therapeutic for the treatment of anxiety is associated with a wild variety of side effects. The traditional use of plant extract to health care can indicate an important source of new pharmaceuticals. Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth, Fabaceae, is a plant commonly employed in the Brazilian folk medicine to treat inflammatory conditions. Nevertheless, despite its popular use there are no studies related to its possible neuropharmacological effect. Here, we investigated the possible anxiolytic effect of the extract of B. virgilioides after acute and sub-chronic treatment in mice. The aqueous extract from the stem barks of B. virgilioides (20, 200 or 400 mg/kg) was orally administered, and its anxiolytic effect was evaluated in the elevated plus maze, open-field and rota-rod tests. Diazepam was employed as standard drug. The aqueous extract treatment was effective in inducing anxiolytic effects with single acute treatment, a phenomenon that remained after chronic treatment. However, no changes in spontaneous locomotor activity or myorelaxant effect after aqueous extract treatment. The extract was either safe with no deaths in mice treated orally with 1000 mg/kg. These findings suggest that the aqueous extract from the stem barks of Bowdichia virgilioides has an acute and sub-chronic anxiolytic-like effect without compromising motor activity, demonstrating an advantage regarding to antidepressant drugs.
ABSTRACT
Bowdichia virgilioides H.B.K stem bark (Fabaceae), locally known as "sucupira-preta", is a reputed folk-remedy to treat some inflammatory disorders. To validate its traditional claim, the ethanolic extract from B. virgilioides was evaluated in several animal models of inflammation and nociception. The extract at oral doses of 100 to 1000 mg/kg body weight caused a significant inhibition of carrageenan-induced hind paw oedema, suppression of exudate volume and leukocyte immigration in rat pleurisy induced by carrageenan, and reduction of granuloma weights in the model of subcutaneous granulomas promoted by cotton pellets. In addition, the plant extract significantly inhibited the vascular permeability increase induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid. It also showed marked antinociceptive effect in acetic acid-induced writhing test and in the second phase of formalin test in mice. These findings evidence the anti-inflammatory potential of Bowdichia virgilioides bark and supports its traditional use in inflammatory conditions.
A casca do caule de Bowdichia virgilioides H.B.K (Fabaceae), conhecida localmente como sucupira-preta, é um remédio popular muito utilizado para tratar inflamações. Com o objetivo de validar sua crença popular, o extrato etanólico de B. virgilioides foi avaliado em vários modelos experimentais de inflamação e nocicepção. O extrato administrado, via oral, em doses de 100 a 1000 mg/kg de peso corporal produziu inibição significativa no edema de pata induzido por carragenina, no aumento na permeabilidade vascular induzido por acido acético, no volume de exudato e na migração leucocitária no teste de pleurisia induzida por carragenina, bem como no peso de granulomas induzidos por pelotas de algodão, em ratos. Em camundongos, o EE Bv reduziu o número de contorções abdominais induzidas por ácido acético e a lambedura da pata na segunda fase do teste da formalina. Esses resultados validam o potencial anti-inflamatório da casca de Bowdichia virgilioides e referendam seu uso tradicional em condições inflamatórias.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Rats , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Edema/drug therapy , Fabaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Analgesics/isolation & purification , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/isolation & purification , Carrageenan , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Edema/chemically induced , Pain Measurement/drug effectsABSTRACT
The essential oil of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunt. (Fabaceae) leaves was tested for their antimicrobial activity against eighteen pathogenic microorganisms using standard gel diffusion method. It showed activity against Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida stellatoidea, Micrococcus luteus and Trichophyton rubrum.
O óleo essencial das folhas de Bowdichia virgilioides Kunt. (Fabaceae) foi testado para a verificação da sua atividade antimicrobiana contra dezoito microorganismos patogênicos, usando o método de difusão em meio sólido. Foi observada atividade contra Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida stellatoidea, Micrococcus luteus e Trichophyton rubrum.