Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 16 de 16
Filter
1.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1288034

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Tracheoinnominate fistula (TIF) is a rare and frequently lethal complication of tracheostomies. Immediate bleeding control and surgical treatment are essential to avoid death. This report describes the successful endovascular treatment of TIF in a preschooler and reviews the literature concerning epidemiology, diagnosis, prophylaxis, and treatment of TIF in pediatric patients. Case description: A tracheostomized neurologically impaired bed-ridden three-year-old girl was admitted to treat an episode of tracheitis. Tracheostomy had been performed two years before. The child used a plastic cuffed tube continually inflated at low pressure. The patient presented two self-limited bleeding episodes through the tracheostomy in a 48h interval. A new episode was suggestive of arterial bleeding, immediately leading to a provisional diagnosis of TIF, which was confirmed by angiotomography, affecting the bifurcation of the innominate artery and the right tracheal wall. The patient was immediately treated by the endovascular placement of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/nitinol stents in Y configuration. No recurrent TIF, neurological problems, or right arm ischemia have been detected in the follow-up. Comments: TIF must be suspected after any significant bleeding from the tracheostoma. Endovascular techniques may provide rapid bleeding control with low morbidity, but they are limited to a few case reports in pediatric patients, all of them addressing adolescents. Long-term follow-up is needed to detect whether stent-related vascular complications will occur with growth.


RESUMO Objetivo: As fístulas traqueoinominadas (TIF) são complicações raras e frequentemente letais das traqueostomias (TQT). Controle imediato do sangramento e tratamento cirúrgico são essenciais para evitar a morte. Este trabalho relata o tratamento endovascular bem-sucedido de uma TIF em um pré-escolar e revisa a literatura a respeito da epidemiologia, profilaxia, diagnóstico e tratamento de TIF em pacientes pediátricos. Descrição do caso: Uma criança de 3 anos de idade, com encefalopatia, restrita ao leito e traqueostomizada havia dois anos foi internada para tratar um episódio de traqueíte. A criança usava uma cânula plástica balonada continuamente inflada com baixa pressão. A paciente apresentou dois episódios autolimitados de sangramento pela traqueostomia em um intervalo de 48 horas. Um novo episódio foi sugestivo de sangramento arterial e assumiu-se o diagnóstico provisório de TIF, confirmado através de angiotomografia, atingindo a bifurcação da artéria inominada e a parede direita da traqueia. A paciente foi imediatamente tratada pela inserção endovascular de um enxerto de politetrafluoroetileno (PTFE)/nitinol em "Y". No seguimento, não foram encontradas recorrência de TIF, sequelas neurológicas ou isquemia do braço direito. Comentários: Deve-se suspeitar de TIF sempre que houver um sangramento significativo pelo traqueoestoma. Técnicas endovasculares possibilitam o rápido controle do sangramento com baixa morbidade, mas estão limitadas a poucos relatos de caso e pacientes pediátricos, sendo todos em adolescentes. O seguimento a longo prazo é necessário para avaliar se ocorrem complicações vasculares dos stents com o crescimento.

2.
J. vasc. bras ; 19: e20190124, 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1091012

ABSTRACT

RESUMO As estenoses graves e oclusões do tronco braquiocefálico (artéria inominada) são raras, e apresentam uma grande variedade de manifestações clínicas, com alterações relacionadas a isquemia cerebral hemisférica, vertebrobasilar e de membro superior direito. A causa mais comum é a aterosclerose. A ultrassonografia vascular com Doppler pode revelar inversão de fluxo na artéria vertebral direita, hipofluxo na subclávia, e vários tipos de alterações no fluxo da carótida direita, incluindo hipofluxo, inversão parcial do fluxo durante o ciclo cardíaco, e até mesmo inversão completa do fluxo na carótida interna, achado este bastante raro. Os autores descrevem o caso de paciente do sexo feminino, tabagista, com estenose grave do tronco braquiocefálico e crises de lipotimia. Além do roubo de artéria subclávia e do fluxo parcialmente invertido na carótida comum direita, a paciente apresentava exuberante fluxo invertido na carótida interna durante todo o ciclo cardíaco, achado este não encontrado na literatura em tamanha magnitude.


ABSTRACT Occlusions and severe stenoses of the innominate artery (brachiocephalic trunk) are rare and present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations, with hemispheric, vertebrobasilar and right upper limb ischemic symptoms. The most common cause is atherosclerosis. Duplex scanning may show right vertebral artery flow reversal, diminished subclavian flow, and several patterns of right carotid flow disturbance, including slow flow, partial flow reversal during the cardiac cycle and even complete reversal of flow in the internal carotid artery, which is a very uncommon finding. Herein, the authors describe the case of a female patient who was a heavy smoker, had severe stenosis of the brachiocephalic trunk, and had episodes of collapse. Besides the subclavian steal and partial flow reversal in the common carotid artery, duplex scanning also showed high-velocity reversed flow in the internal carotid artery during the entire cardiac cycle, a finding that is not reported in the literature at this magnitude.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Blood Circulation , Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology , Brain Ischemia/blood , Subclavian Steal Syndrome , Brachiocephalic Trunk/pathology , Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods , Constriction, Pathologic
3.
Int. j. morphol ; 35(2): 469-471, June 2017. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893006

ABSTRACT

The aorta is the main arterial trunk in the human body, however, its variation was extremely variable. During an educational dissection, aberrant branching pattern of aortic arch was found in a Korean cadaver. The brachiocephalic trunk (innominate artery) originated from the aortic arch at the left side of the trachea. It crossed the trachea and divided into the right common carotid and subclavian arteries. The left vertebral artery originated from the aortic arch between the origins of the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery, then the left vertebral artery coursed upward to the transverse foramen of the C7. The author describes this previously novel case report with aberrant brachiocephalic trunk and left vertebral arteries and discusses the clinical implications of such a variant.


La aorta es el tronco arterial principal del cuerpo humano, sin embargo, su variación es extremadamente variable. Durante una disección de rutina de un cadáver coreano, se encontró un patrón de ramificación aberrante del arco aórtico. El tronco braquiocefálico se originaba del arco aórtico en el lado izquierdo de la tráquea. Cruzaba la tráquea y se dividía en las arterias carótida común y subclavia derecha. La arteria vertebral izquierda se originó a partir del arco aórtico entre los orígenes de la arteria carótida común izquierda y la arteria subclavia izquierda, luego la arteria vertebral izquierda ascendió hacia el foramen transversal de la séptima vértebra cervical. Se describe un caso de tronco braquiocefálico aberrante y la correspondiente arteria vertebral izquierda y se discuten las implicaciones clínicas de tal variante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Aorta, Thoracic/abnormalities , Tracheal Stenosis , Brachiocephalic Trunk/abnormalities , Cadaver
4.
J. vasc. bras ; 15(3): 239-244, jul.-set. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-797965

ABSTRACT

Resumo A síndrome de Ehlers-Danlos é uma doença genética que acarreta alteração na síntese de colágeno, causando extrema fragilidade do tecido conjuntivo. Tal fragilidade predispõe a uma série de doenças vasculares, como dissecções, aneurismas e pseudoaneurismas. Os autores relatam o histórico de um indivíduo de 19 anos com aneurisma de tronco braquiocefálico que foi submetido ao tratamento endovascular com implante de stents revestidos. O caso evoluiu com complicação do sítio de punção, que também foi tratada em caráter de emergência pela técnica endovascular com o implante de stent revestido.


Abstract Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is a genetic disease that results in abnormalities of collagen synthesis, causing extremely fragile connective tissue. This fragility predisposes patients to a series of vascular disorders, such as dissections, aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms. The authors describe the case of a 19-year-old patient with an aneurysm of the brachiocephalic trunk who was treated endovascularly by placement of covered stents. The case progressed with complications at the puncture site, which was also treated on an emergency basis, using endovascular techniques with a covered stent.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aneurysm/rehabilitation , Brachiocephalic Trunk/pathology , Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome/genetics , Stents/history , Endovascular Procedures
5.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(1): 110-115, Mar. 2016. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-780483

ABSTRACT

This study was aimed at determining the morphology of the aortic arch in the sparrowhawk. For this purpose, arteries near the heart of six sparrowhawks were assessed. Latex injection method was applied to the three materials and barium sulphate solution was injected into the aorta for angiography in three other materials. It was observed that two major arteries arose from aortic arch in the sparrowhawk: the left brachiocephalic trunk and the right brachiocephalic trunk. These trunks were contiguous arteries but separately originated from the aorta. The brachiocephalic trunks were divided into the common carotid and subclavian arteries after their origins. First, the common carotid arteries are given off by the brachiocephalic trunks. The common carotid artery was giving off esophagotracheobronchial artery and vertebral trunk. Vertebral trunk was locating under the brachial plexus. The subclavian artery was continuations of the brachiocephalic trunk and it was bifurcating to the axillar artery and the pectoral trunk just from its own beginning. The axillary artery passed the brachial plexus crosswise from above, and reached to the wing. The sternoclavicular artery stemmed from ventral aspect of the begining of the axillary artery. The thickest branch of the subclavian artery was the pectoral trunk, which was branched the cranial external thoracic artery, the caudal external thoracic artery, the dorsal thoracic artery, and the internal thoracic artery. It is hoped that the results of this morphological study will contribute to the species specific anatomical data in the birds.


El objetivo fue determinar la morfología del arco aórtico en el gavilán. Para este fin, se evaluaron las arterias próximas al corazón de seis gavilanes. En tres aves se inyectó una solución de látex, mientras que en las tres restantes se inyectó a través de la aorta sulfato de bario para someterlas luego a un estudio por angiografía. Se observó el origen de dos arterias principales del arco aórtico del gavilán: el tronco braquiocefálico izquierdo y el tronco braquiocefálico derecho. Estos troncos se presentaron como arterias contiguas, pero que se originaron por separado de la aorta. Los troncos supraaórticos se dividieron después de su origen en las arterias carótida común y subclavia. Las arterias carótidas comunes se emiten a partir de los troncos supraaórticos. La arteria carótida común emitió una arteria esófago-traqueobronquial y el tronco vertebral. El tronco vertebral se localizó por debajo del plexo braquial. La arteria subclavia se continuó a partir del tronco braquiocefálico y se bifurcó en arteria axilar y tronco de las arterias pectorales justo desde su propio inicio. La arteria axilar cruzó el plexo braquial transversalmente desde arriba, y llegó al ala. La arteria esternoclavicular derivó de la cara ventral del inicio de la arteria axilar. La rama más gruesa de la arteria subclavia fue el tronco de las arterias pectorales, que se ramificó en arteria torácica externa craneal, arteria torácica externa caudal, arteria torácica dorsal, y la arteria torácica interna. Se espera que los resultados de este estudio morfológico sean una contribución para aportar datos anatómicos específicos en esta especie de aves.


Subject(s)
Animals , Aorta, Thoracic/anatomy & histology , Brachiocephalic Trunk/anatomy & histology , Falconiformes/anatomy & histology
6.
Repert. med. cir ; 25(3): 197-199, 2016. ilus.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-849165

ABSTRACT

Hoy me permito, de manera muy sencilla, relatar un caso de aneurisma con dilatación aórtica que se estudió y trató con el servicio de San Roque en 1928. Se trataba de una enferma de 60 años de edad, natural de Bogotá, hospitalizada el 3 de febrero de 1928 y que quise conservar en el servicio por referirse a una lesión que me llamaba particularmente la atención. Llegó con alguna ligera gripa y no dio antecedentes de mayor importancia. Tuvo fiebre tifoidea en su juventud, no había presentado sino un traumatismo de escasa importancia, y solo había padecido novedades de poca significación. La enferma, en el momento del primer examen, estaba en el lecho en decúbito dorsal, se la notaba algo pálida, pero tenía un aspecto de absoluta tranquilidad, sin fatiga, dolor ni malestar ninguno; contestaba bien a las preguntas y manifestaba haber tenido solamente cefalalgia y dolores óseos nocturnos De la presente observación sacamos las conclusiones siguientes: es mucho lo que sirve para el jefe del servicio y para su ayudante la observación atenta y pormenorizada que se consigna en una observación escrita con relación a cada enfermo; cómo sirve para el hospital este trabajo para facilitar los diagnósticos y hacer más seguro el tratamiento; así como la importancia de la autopsia en muchos casos, tanto para el progreso científico como para aclarar diagnósticos dudosos...(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm , Radiography , Brachiocephalic Trunk , History of Medicine
7.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 35(8): 762-766, Aug. 2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-767731

ABSTRACT

O preá é um roedor típico da caatinga pertencente à família Caviidae. Considerando a inexistência de dados sobre o arco aórtico do preá, foi realizado este estudo tendo como objetivo descrever os ramos colaterais do arco aórtico neste cavídeo, e dessa forma, contribuir com dados para biologia da espécie. Foram utilizados vinte preás machos provenientes de estudos anteriores e encontravam-se armazenados em freezer no Centro de Multiplicação de Animais Silvestres (CEMAS/UFERSA). Os animais foram descongelados, a cavidade torácica foi aberta, a aorta canulada e o sistema vascular lavado com solução salina e em seguida, injetado látex Neoprene corado com pigmento vermelho, amarelo ou branco. Posteriormente, os animais foram fixados em formol e depois de 72 horas, dissecados e analisados, sendo obtidos desenhos esquemáticos e os exemplares mais representativos fotografados. O arco aórtico do preá emitiu como ramos colaterais, o tronco braquiocefálico e a artéria subclávia esquerda. O tronco braquiocefálico originou na maioria das peças estudadas, a artéria carótida comum esquerda e o tronco braquiocarotídeo, do qual surgem as artérias subclávia direita e carótida comum direita. As artérias subclávias direita e esquerda em todos os animais estudados emitiram a artéria vertebral, a artéria torácica interna, a artéria cervical superficial, o tronco costocervical e a artéria axilar. O padrão da formação do arco aórtico do preá assemelhou-se ao observado em outros roedores, tais como no mocó, no porquinho-da-índia e na chinchila...


Galea spixii is a typical rodent of the caatinga belonging to the Caviidae family. Considering the lack of data on the aortic arch of the galea, this study aimed to describe the collateral branches of the aortic arch in this specie and to contributes to knowledge of its biology. Twenty males from previous studies were used which had been stored in a freezer at Multiplication Center of Wild Animals (CEMAS/UFERSA). The animals were thawed, the thoracic cavity was opened and the aorta cannulated vasculature was washed with saline and then injected with Neoprene latex colored with red pigment, yellow or white. Subsequently, the animals were fixed in formalin and after 72 hours dissected and analyzed, to obtain schematic drawings and the most representative samples were photographed. The cavy aortic arch issued as collateral branches, the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery. The brachiocephalic trunk afforded in most of the specimens the left common carotid artery and the brachiocarotid trunk, where the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries arise. The right and left subclavian arteries in all animals studied issued the vertebral artery, internal thoracic artery, superficial cervical artery costocervical trunk and axillary artery. The pattern of formation of the aortic arch of galea was similar to that observed in other rodents, such as the kerodon, the guinea pig and chinchilla....


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Aorta, Thoracic/anatomy & histology , Subclavian Artery/anatomy & histology , Guinea Pigs/anatomy & histology , Brachiocephalic Trunk/anatomy & histology , Anatomy, Comparative , Axillary Artery/anatomy & histology , Mammary Arteries/anatomy & histology , Vertebral Artery/anatomy & histology , Rodentia/anatomy & histology
8.
Rev. ANACEM (Impresa) ; 8(1): 19-22, jul.2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-779311

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones del tronco arterial braquiocefálico (TABC) son infrecuentes y se han descrito en el contexto de traumatismos penetrantes o contusos de la región torácica y cervical. Son características su elevada morbimortalidad y dificultad diagnóstica. PRESENTACIÓN DEL CASO: Paciente de género masculino, de 19 años, consultó en Servicio de Urgencia por heridas torácicas tras ser agredido por terceros con arma blanca. Ingresó sin deterioro hemodinámico encontrándose en examen físico una herida en la región esterno clavicular derecha y una herida en hemitórax izquierdo dorsal. Se realizó radiografía de tórax que mostró ensanchamiento mediastínico y hemotórax izquierdo mínimo. Por sospecha de lesión vascular se complementó estudio con angiotomografía computada de tórax que mostró doble extravasación del medio de contraste a nivel del TABC, compatible con lesión transfixiante, además de hemomediastino y hemotórax izquierdo mínimo, sin evidencias de lesión de vía aérea o esofágica. Se realizó pleurotomía para tratamiento del hemotórax. Evolucionó en buenas condiciones generales, sin deterioro hemodinámico, porlo que se decidió resolución endovascular por el equipo de Cirugía Vascular Periférica, realizándose instalación de endoprótesis recubierta en TABC, sin incidentes. No presentó complicaciones postoperatorias. Se realizó Angiotomografía de control con endoprótesis in situ. A 9 meses de seguimiento, el paciente está asintomático. DISCUSIÓN: Las lesiones del TABC son graves. El ensanchamiento mediastínico en la radiografía de tórax debe hacer sospechar lesión de grandes vasos y/o troncos supraaórticos, la que se confirma mediante estudio angiográfico en un paciente estable o en la exploración quirúrgica de urgencia, si presenta deterioro hemodinámico...


Brachiocephalic trunk lesions are rare and have been described in the context of penetrating or blunt thoracic and cervical trauma. They have a high morbidity and its diagnostic is difficult. CASE PRESENTATION: A 19 years oldman, presented in emergency room with chest injuries after being attacked with a knife. He entered without hemodynamic deterioration. In physical examination a wound in the right sternoclavicular region and a dorsal wound in the left hemithorax were found. Chest x-ray showed widened mediastinum and minimum left hemothorax. For suspected vascular injury, a chest computed angiotomography was performed, that revealed double extravasation of contrast medium at brachiocephalic trunk, consistent with a perforating injury, hemomediastinum and minimum left hemothorax. It showed no evidence of airway oresophageal injuries. Pleurotomy was performed for hemothorax treatment. He evolved in good general condition, without hemodynamic deterioration. Endovascular resolution was decided by Vascular Surgery team. A coated stent in the brachiocephalic trunk was installed without incidents. No postoperative complications were presented. The control angiotomography showed stent in situ. At 9 -month follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic. DISCUSSION: Brachiocephalic trunk injuries are serious. A injury of great vessels and/or supraaortic trunks should be suspected with a image of widened mediastinum on chest x ray, and it is confirmed by angiography in a stable patient or by emergency surgical exploration, if hemodynamic deterioration is present...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Thoracic Injuries/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk/injuries , Brachiocephalic Trunk , Wounds, Penetrating
9.
Ces med. vet. zootec ; 7(2): 65-70, jul.-dic. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-665429

ABSTRACT

El Pectus excavatum (PE) es una deformación de la caja torácica por crecimiento anómalo del esternón y costocartílagos que recae en una depresión condroesterna. Esta anormalidad anatómica (PE) se adquiere durante la vida intrauterina, y puede ser el resultado de expresiones genómicas heredables, acortamiento del tendón central del diafragma, anormalidades en la presión intrauterina y deficiencia congénita de la musculatura en la porción craneal del diafragma. En este caso se presenta un paciente Bulldog inglés macho de 30 días de edad con alteración en el sistema respiratorio, debilidad, adinamia, taquipnea, rinorrea blanquecina, con una marcada depresión del esternón y del arco costal, confirmando por estudio radiográfico de tórax y por necropsia la presencia de un PE. Con este reporte se pretende describir esta patología en un caso clínico y contribuir al conocimiento clínico de la enfermedad, ya que las descripciones publicadas de dicha enfermedad en nuestro país son escazas.


Pectus excavatum (PE) is a thoracic wall deformity due to an anomalous growth of sternum and costal cartilages wich relapse on a condroesternal depression. This anatomical abnormality gets acquired into the uterus, and may be the result of heritable genetic expressions, such as the shortening the central tendon of the diaphragm, abnormalities in the intrauterina pressure and congenital deficiency of the musculature in the cranial portion of the diaphragm. This report illustrates the case of a 30 days English bulldog male patient which suffer of alterations in the respiratory system, weakness, adynamia, tachypnea, whitish rhinorrhea, and which has a marked depression of the sternum and rib; the presence of PE was confirmed by chest X-ray and by necropsy. The purpose of this report is to describe this sickness in a particular case and contribute to clinical knowledge of PE, since published descriptions of this condition in our country are scarce.condition in our country are scarce.


O Pectus excavatum (PE) é uma deformação da caixa torácica por crescimento anormal do esterno e cartilagens que cai numa depressão condroesternal. Esta anormalidade anatômica (PE) é adquirida durante a vida intra-uterina, e pode ser o resultado de expressões genômicas herdáveis, encurtamento do tendão central do diafragma, anormalidades na pressão intra-uterina e deficiência congênita da musculatura na porção craniana do diafragma. Neste caso se apresenta um paciente Bulldog inglês macho de 30 dias de idade com alteração no sistema respiratório, fraqueza, adinamia, taquipnéia, rinorréia blanquecina, com uma marcada depressão do esterno e do arco costal, confirmando por estudo radiográfico de tórax e por necropsia a presença de um PE. Com este registro se pretende descrever esta patologia num caso clínico e contribuir ao conhecimento clínico da doença, já que as descrições publicadas dessa doença em nosso país são escassas.


Subject(s)
Animals , Funnel Chest , Funnel Chest/pathology , Funnel Chest/veterinary , Animal Diseases , Animal Diseases/pathology
10.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 16(3): 101-103, set.-dez. 2012. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-761413

ABSTRACT

O arco aórtico é o segundo segmento da aorta que se curva súpero posteriormente e para esquerda, sobre a face anterior da traqueia. originando três vasos: o primeiro ramo é a artéria tronco braquiocefálico que se ramifica em artéria subclávia direita e artéria carótida comum direita; o segundo é a artéria carótida comum esquerda e o terceiro é a artéria subclávia esquerda. As variações anatômicas dos ramos do arco aórtico são frequentes e podem surgir de diversos tipos (Tipo A, B, C, D e E). A trajetória desses vasos tem uma grande importância clínica e cirúrgica para profissionais e estudantes, podendo contribuir para realizar procedimentos na região anterior do pescoço minimizando lesões dessas estruturas. Este trabalho trata-se de um estudo descritivo macroscópico com abordagem quantitativa mediante análise de dezenove arcos aórtico provenientes de cadáveres humanos indigentes e formolizados a 10% pertencentes ao Laboratório de Anatomia Humana da Universidade de Rio Verde. A proposta deste estudo foi identificar, descrever e verificar o índice das variações anatômicas dos ramos do arco aórtico. Observou-se que quinze dos arcos (78,9%) apresentaram o padrão comum tipo A, e em quatro arcos (21,1%) eram variações anatômicas. Dentre essas variações, duas eram do tipo B (10,5%), uma do tipo C (5,3%) e uma do tipo D (5,3%).


The aortic arch is the second segment of the aorta that curves upper posteriorly and left on the anterior surface of the trachea. This, originate three vases: the first branch is the brachiocephalic trunk artery that branches into the right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery; the second is the left common carotid artery and the third is the left subclavian artery. Anatomical variations of the aortic arch branches are frequent and may arise from different types (Type A, B, C, D and E). The trajectory of these vessels has a great clinical and surgical importance for professionals and students can contribute to perform the procedure in the anterior neck injuries minimizing these structures. This work is in a macroscopic descriptive study with a quantitative approach through the analysis of nineteen aortic arches from indigent embalmed human cadavers and 10% belonging to the Laboratory of Human Anatomy, University of Rio Verde. The purpose of this study was to identify, describe and check the index of anatomical variations of the aortic arch branches. It was observed that fifteen of the arches (78.9%) showed type A common pattern, and four arches (21.1%) were anatomical variations. Among these variations, two were type B (10.5%), one of type C (5.3%) and type D (5.3%).


Subject(s)
Aorta , Brachiocephalic Trunk , Carotid Artery, Common
11.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(3): 786-790, Sept. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-665479

ABSTRACT

The goals of this study were to find the average intracranial capacity of the living male-entities of Kosovo Albanian population, to define cephalofacial indexes and their interrelations with intracranial capacity and to explore their latent structure. Eight cephalofacial variables have been measured in 571 male entities of the Kosovo Albanian population, aged 18-35 years old. Of these measurements, 6 cephalofacial indexes and intracranial capacity were calculated. According to the results of Table it can be concluded that most of Albanian males from Kosovo have long, wide and average height head, as well as most of them have brachiocephalic head, low hypsicephalic, and tapeinocephalic head, with intracranial capacity 1379.2cc. Regression Analyzes show that among other cephalofacial indexes, vertical cephalic index and transversal cephalic index have higher predictive influence on size of the intracranial capacity (VCI=1.764; TCI=-1.45).The possibility of the prediction of Intracranial Capacity (ICC) based on the values of VCI and TCI argues their joint projection on the first extracted latent factor, which has been nominated as factor of the head volume. The latent structure of the cephalofacial indexes consists of three latent factors: 1) factor of the head volume; 2) facial factor; 3) cephalic factor...


Los objetivos de este estudio fueron conocer la capacidad intracraneal (CIC) media en hombres de población Albanesa de Kosovo, para definir los índices cefalofaciales y sus interrelaciones con la CIC, así como para explorar su estructura latente. Ocho variables cefalofaciales fueron medidas en 571 hombres de población Albanesa de Kosovo, con edades entre 18-35 años. A partir de estas mediciones se calcularon 6 índices cefalofaciales y CIC. De acuerdo con el primer objetivo, la mayoría de los hombres Albaneses de Kosovo tienen una cabeza larga, ancha y de altura media, así como la mayoría de ellos son braquiocefálicos, hipsicefálicos leves y de cabeza tapeinocefálica, con CIC de 1379,2cc. El análisis de regresión muestra que entre otros índices cefalofaciales, el índice cefálico vertical (ICV) e índice cefálico transversal (ICT) tienen la mayor influencia de predicción del tamaño de la capacidad intracraneal (ICV = 1,764; ICT = -1,45). La posibilidad de la predicción del ICV e ICT sobre la CIC, argumentan su proyección (junto con CIC) sobre el primer factor latente extraído, el cual ha sido denominado factor del volumen de la cabeza. La estructura latente de los índices cefalofaciales está constituida por tres factores latentes: 1) el factor del volumen de la cabeza, 2) el factor facial y 3) el factor cefálico...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Cephalometry , Skull/anatomy & histology , Brain/anatomy & histology , Albania , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Organ Size , Regression Analysis , Yugoslavia
12.
Rev. colomb. cir ; 27(2): 167-173, abr. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-650054

ABSTRACT

Las afecciones de la arteria innominada, o tronco braquiocefálico, son infrecuentes; se pueden presentar como fístulas arteriovenosas, pseudoaneurismas postraumáticos, rupturas o disecciones, así como aneurismas verdaderos. Usualmente, se detectan como masas asintomáticas que pueden llegar a comprometer la vida del paciente o generar complicaciones tromboembólicas en el sistema nervioso central o en el miembro superior derecho. Se presenta la revisión de la literatura científica sobre aneurismas de la arteria innominada y se describe un caso tratado quirúrgicamente.


Aneurysms of the innominate artery are widely considered to be rare entities; the innominate artery pathology includes a myriad of entities such as, arteriovenous fistulas, post traumatic pseudo aneurysms, rupture and dissection, as well as true aneurysms. Usually detected as asymptomatic masses, such aneurysms may cause life-threatening complications, including distal embolism to the central nervous system or upper extremity. We present a literature review and describe our experience with one patient that underwent surgical treatment for an aneurysm of the innominate artery.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm , General Surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk
13.
Int. j. morphol ; 30(1): 49-55, mar. 2012. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-638758

ABSTRACT

La variabilidad del arco aórtico y sus ramas emergentes presentan implicaciones en los abordajes quirúrgicos de tórax y cuello, y posiblemente en el desarrollo de procesos ateromatosos ubicados a ese nivel y accidentes cerebrovasculares. Se evaluaron 122 arcos aórticos de individuos adultos de ambos sexos obtenidos como material de autopsia. Se identificó la configuración general de la emergencia de las ramas colaterales de los arcos y se determinó la morfometría de sus componentes con medición electrónica. Se observó la presencia de la configuración usual (tipo A) en 87 arcos (71,3 por ciento); un tronco braqui-bicarotideo (tipo B) en 21 piezas anatómicas (17,2 por ciento) y en 10 casos (8,2 por ciento) la arteria vertebral izquierda se originó directamente del arco aórtico (tipo C); en 4 especímenes (3,3 por ciento) se presentó emergencia atípica de las ramas. El calibre de la aorta en el punto previo a la emergencia de sus ramas y justo después de emitir su última colateral fue de 20,1mm (DE 3,19) y 17,2mm (DE 2,57) respectivamente, con una disminución del 14,5 por ciento. El calibre de las arterias sublavias (7,7mm, DE 1,10) fue significativamente mayor (P=0,0001) que el de las arterias carótidas (6,4mm, DE 0,78). El diámetro de las arterias carótidas derecha e izquierda fue de 6,5mm (DE 0,81) y 6,3mm (DE 0,75) respectivamente. La arteria subclavia derecha presentó mayor calibre que la izquierda (7,9mm, DE 1,09; 7,6mm, DE 1,12) sin diferencia estadisticamente significativa (P=0,0801). La distancia entre el origen del tronco braquiocefálico y el de la subclavia izquierda fue de 32,8mm (DE 6,16) y la longitud del tronco braquiocefálico fue 30,2mm+/-5,27. Se destaca la alta frecuencia de arcos con emergencia de dos y cuatro ramas. Los calibres de las ramas son menores a lo reportado en la literatura.


The variability of the aortic arch and its emergent branches have implications in the surgical approaches of the thorax and neck, and possibly in the development of the atheromatous processes located at that level and the cerebrovascular accidents. We evaluated 122 aortic arches from adult individuals of both sexes obtained as autopsy material. We identified the general configuration of the emergence of the collateral branches of the arcs and determined the morphometry of its components with electronic measurement. We observed the usual configuration (type A) in 87 arches (71.3 percent); a brachio-bicarotid trunk (type B) in 21 anatomical specimens (17.2 percent) and in 10 cases (8.2 percent) the left vertebral artery originated directly from the aortic arch (type C); 4 specimens (3.3 percent) presented atypical emergency in the branches. The caliber of the aorta at the point prior to the emergence of its branches and just after casting his last side was 20.1mm (DS 3.19) and 17.2mm (DS 2.57) respectively, with a decrease of 14.5 percent. The caliber of the subclavian arteries (7.7mm, SD 1.1) was significantly higher (P=0.0001) than of the carotid arteries (64mm, SD 0.78). The diameter of the carotid arteries both right and left were 6.5mm (DS 0.81) and 6.3mm (DS 0.75) respectively. The right subclavian artery presented higher caliber than the left (7.9mm, DS 1.09; 7.6mm, DS 1.12) without significant statistical difference (P=0.0801). The difference between the origin of the brachiocephalic trunk and the left subclavian artery was 32.8 (DS 6.16); the brachiocephalic trunk length was 30.2mm +/- 5.27. It highlights the high frequency of arches with emergency of two and four branches. The calibers of the branches are smaller than those reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Female , Aorta, Thoracic/anatomy & histology , Aorta, Thoracic/innervation , Carotid Artery, Common/anatomy & histology , Pulmonary Artery/anatomy & histology , Subclavian Artery/anatomy & histology , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods
14.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(2): 134-140, abr. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-582963

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Traumatic lesions of supra aortic trunks (SAT) have an elevated morbidity and mortality, and its treatment is technically challenging. Endovascular techniques offer an effective solution with a lower risk, making it an attractive alternative. Objectives: Retrospective review of all the patients with SAT lesions treated with endovascular techniques. Results: Between March 2000 to August 2009, 8 patients were treated, 6 men, mean age 33.6 years. Three patients suffered blunt and 5 a penetrating trauma. The injured vessels were subclavian artery in 5, brachiocephalic trunk in two and common carotid in one. Of the 5 patients with subclavian artery injury, three had associated brachial plexus injury. Six patients were treated with an endo-graft and one with coil-embolization. One patient suffered an early partial collapse of his endograft, requiring an additional bare metal stent to maintain patency. In this series there was neither neurological morbidity nor operative mortality. Follow-up is 24.3 months, and primary assisted patency is 100 percent at 21.9 months with two patients lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of SAT lesions is effective, showing low morbidity and mortality with a good mid-term patency.


Introducción: Las lesiones traumáticas de troncos supra aórticos (TSA) tienen elevada morbimor-talidad, y su tratamiento presenta un desafío técnico. Las técnicas endovasculares se presentan como una alternativa atractiva y de menor riesgo para su solución efectiva. Objetivos: Evaluar los resultados del tratamiento endovascular de las lesiones de TSA. Material y Método: Se revisaron retrospectivamente todos los pacientes sometidos a tratamiento endovascular de lesiones de TSA. Resultados: Entre Marzo de 2000 y Agosto de 2009 se intervinieron 8 pacientes, 6 hombres, edad promedio 33,6 años. El mecanismo traumático fue contuso en 3 y penetrante en 5. Los vasos afectados fueron arteria subclavia en 5, tronco braquiocefálico en 2 y carótida común en uno. De los pacientes con lesión subclavia, tres presentaron compromiso de plexo braquial asociado. Siete pacientes fueron tratados con implante de endoprótesis y uno mediante embolización. Un paciente requirió un stent no cubierto para tratar el colapso parcial precoz de una endoprótesis. No hubo morbilidad neurológica de novo ni mortalidad operatoria. El seguimiento clínico promedio es 24,3 meses. Dos pacientes se perdieron al seguimiento. La permeabilidad primaria asistida es 100 por ciento a 21,9 meses. Conclusiones: El tratamiento endovascular de lesiones de TSA es efectivo, con baja morbimortalidad y con buena permeabilidad a mediano plazo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Subclavian Artery/surgery , Subclavian Artery/injuries , Carotid Artery Injuries , Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods , Brachiocephalic Trunk/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk/injuries , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies , Stents , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Wounds and Injuries
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 90(4): e21-e23, abr. 2008. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-482962

ABSTRACT

Descrevemos caso de paciente do sexo masculino, 49 anos, que sofreu ferimento por arma de fogo no tórax, transfixando o mediastino médio. Apresentava-se estável hemodinamicamente, contudo taquicárdico e taquipnéico. Ele foi submetido à propedêutica armada com radiograma de tórax, ecocardiografia transtorácica, tomografia computadorizada de tórax e arteriografia do arco aórtico. Evidenciou-se fístula traumática do tronco braquiocefálico com a veia braquiocefálica. Realizou-se correção cirúrgica com a utilização de circulação extracorpórea e hipotermia profunda com parada circulatória total. O paciente evolui bem com alta no quinto pós-operatório.


We describe the case of a 49-year old male patient who suffered a gunshot wound in the chest which transfixed the medial mediastinum. He was hemodynamically stable, but had tachycardia and tachypnea. He was submitted to integrated work-up with chest radiogram, transthoracic echocardiography, computerized chest tomography, and arteriography of the aortic arch. A traumatic fistula was evidenced between the brachiocephalic trunk and the brachiocephalic vein. Surgical repair was performed using extracorporeal circulation and deep hypothermia with total circulatory arrest. The patient progressed well and was discharged on the fifth day postoperatively.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arteriovenous Fistula , Brachiocephalic Trunk/injuries , Brachiocephalic Veins/injuries , Wounds, Gunshot/complications , Arteriovenous Fistula/etiology , Brachiocephalic Trunk , Brachiocephalic Veins
16.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 23(1): 70-77, jan.-mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-489702

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Estudar os resultados da técnica descrita por Carreira et al. com utilização de perfusão cerebral seletiva bilateral (PCSAB) pelo isolamento do tronco braquiocefálico e artéria carótida esquerda. MÉTODOS: Quinze pacientes foram operados consecutivamente entre de junho de 2005 e setembro de 2007. Os dados foram analisados por programa informatizado Epi Info e significância estatística com p<0,05. RESULTADOS: No grupo analisado, 53,3 por cento dos pacientes eram do sexo masculino e a idade média era de 59,86±15,4 anos. Com relação à doença de base, 60 por cento dos pacientes apresentavam dissecção aguda do tipo A, 6,7 por cento tipo B e 33,3 por cento aneurisma da aorta e arco. O tempo médio de CEC e de anoxia foi de 177,6±39,4 e 135,9±34,0 minutos, respectivamente. Nesse grupo, 86,7 por cento dos pacientes não foram submetidos a parada circulatória total, com tempo médio de PCSA unilateral e bilateral de 10,9±2,0 e 57,2±21,2 minutos, respectivamente. A temperatura média da hipotermia foi de 23,0±2,9ºC. A artéria subclávia esquerda foi ligada em dois (13,3 por cento) pacientes, e nove (60 por cento) foram submetidos a anastomoses proximal e distal com tubos separados. Utilizou-se endoprótese vascular na aorta descendente em quatro (26,7 por cento) pacientes. Três (20 por cento) pacientes morreram, todos do subgrupo de dissecção aguda. Nenhum dos sobreviventes apresentou seqüelas neurológicas, com média de acompanhamento tardio de 11,7±9,6 meses. Nenhum dos fatores estudados apresentou relação estatisticamente significativa com a mortalidade (p>0,05). CONCLUSÃO: A técnica de PCSAB é reprodutível e apresenta resultados semelhantes aos da literatura mundial. A excelente evolução neurológica e o fácil controle de sangramentos nas linhas de sutura podem ter contribuído com os resultados obtidos.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of a technique described by Carreira et al. using bilateral antegrade selective cerebral perfusion by isolating the brachiocephalic trunk and the left carotid artery. METHODS: Fifteen patients were operated between June 2005 and September 2007. Data analysis were performed using Epi Info and statistical significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: Of the 15 patients, 53.3 percent were male; mean age was 59.86±15.4 years; 60 percent presented with type A acute aortic dissection; 6.7 percent type B; and 33.3 percent aneurysm of aorta and arch. Mean CPB and aortic clamping time was 177.6±39.4 and 135.9±34.0 minutes, respectively. In this group, 86.7 percent were not submitted to total circulatory arrest, with mean unilateral and bilateral selective cerebral perfusion time of 10.9±2.0 and 57.2±21.2 minutes, respectively. Mean hypothermic temperature was 23.0±2.9ºC. Two had left subclavian artery ligature, 60 percent used separated aortic grafts, and four used aortic endoprosthesis. Three (20 percent) patients died, all of them in the acute aortic dissection group. There were no neurological complications. The mean follow up time was 11.7±9.6 months. Regarding mortality, none of the parameters were statistically significant (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The technique of bilateral selective cerebral perfusion described by Carreira et al. can be performed by others and presents similar results to the international literature. The excellent neurological outcome and easy bleeding control on surgical sutures lines are the major advantages of this new procedure.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Aortic Dissection/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk/surgery , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/methods , Carotid Artery Diseases/surgery , Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology , Brachiocephalic Trunk/physiopathology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Carotid Arteries , Cardiopulmonary Bypass/standards , Follow-Up Studies , Hypothermia, Induced , Young Adult
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL