Resección de tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein en una mujer embarazada: reporte de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía / Buschke-Löwenstein tumor resection in a pregnant women: A case report and literature review

Resumen INTRODUCCIÓN: El tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein se asocia con el virus del papiloma humano por lo que se considera una infección de transmisión sexual. Se caracteriza por un condiloma gigante, verrugoso, exofítico, con forma de coliflor, de crecimiento lento, pero que durante el embarazo puede crecer rápidamente y formar condilomas solitarios que afectan las estructuras vecinas. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 18 años, primigesta, con 35 semanas de embarazo, sin antecedentes de importancia para el padecimiento actual. Cuatro meses previos inició con verrugas en el perineo, con aumento acelerado de su tamaño en los últimos 30 días, asociado con dolor intenso a la movilización, secreción fétida, eritema e irritación interglútea y formación de un tumor friable con tendencia al sangrado y áreas de necrosis. CONCLUSIONES: El tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein es una alteración poco frecuente causada por el virus del papiloma humano, que puede tener crecimiento acelerado por el estímulo hormonal, propio del estado gestacional. El tratamiento de primera línea es la resección quirúrgica. El seguimiento de las pacientes debe ser estrecho, debido al alto índice de recidiva.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Buschke-Löwenstein tumor is associatted with the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is considered a sexually transmitted infection, characterized by the presence of a giant wart, exophytic condyloma with the shape of a cauliflower, slow growth, but during pregnancy it can grow fast as a solitary condyloma, affecting other structures. This case provides a better understanding of an unusual pathology, which with surgical treatment was obtained aesthetic results and with adequate functionality of external genitalia. CLINICAL CASE 18-year-old female, primiparous with 35 weeks pregnant, with no significant history, 4 previous months begins with the presence of warts in the perineal region with accelerated increase in size in the last 30 days, associated with intense pain on mobilization, fetid discharge, and area oferythema and intergluteal irritation, friable tumor with a tendency to bleed with areas of necrosis. CONCLUSIONS: The Buschke-Löwenstein tumor is a rare pathology caused by HPV, which can present accelerated growth due to the hormonal stimulus of the gestational state, this tumor does not resolve spontaneously, so the surgical approach is considered top of the line. The follow-up of these patients must be close due to the high rate of recurrence.

Tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein en una niña. A propósito de un caso

El tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein es un condiloma acuminado gigante, benigno, cuyas lesiones clínicas son mayores de 10 cm, por lo que el tratamiento de elección debería ser siempre quirúrgico. Se presenta el caso de una niña de un año con condiloma gigante en la vulva, tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein de rápida evolución, a quien se le practicó resección quirúrgica satisfactoria. Se revisó la literatura respecto a su diagnóstico y tratamiento.

Buschke-Löwenstein tumor is a benign giant condyloma acuminatum, whose clinical lesions are larger than 10 cm, so the treatment of choice should always be surgical. We present the case of a one-year-old girl with giant condyloma of the vulva, a rapidly evolving Buschke-Löwenstein tumor, who underwent successful surgical resection. The literature was reviewed regarding its diagnosis and treatment.

Case report: Buschke-Löwenstein tumor in a non-immunosuppressed patient

The present work aims to report a case of Buschke-Löwenstein tumor (BLT), which is a mass of genital warts that usually affects immunosuppressed people. The reported case was diagnosed in a young patient with no known immunosuppression. Several tests were performed to confirm the diagnostic hypothesis, including immunohistochemistry, histological, molecular and imaging analysis. The results obtained were confirmatory in all analyses, except in the molecular one. Because BLT is a rare condition, there is still great literary heterogeneity regarding the ideal treatment, but some options can be considered, such as excision and radiotherapy. (AU)

Tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein: presentación de un caso / Buschke-Lowenstein tumor: presentation of the case

RESUMEN Fundamento: el tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein es un condiloma acuminado gigante mayor de 10 cm más frecuente en hombres, por lo que el tratamiento de elección debe ser siempre quirúrgico. Objetivo: describir un caso de condiloma acuminado gigante. Presentación del caso: paciente masculino blanco de 54 años de edad, que acudió a consulta con formaciones papilomatosis con aspecto de coliflor de consistencia blanda y húmedas, en ambas regiones inguinales; del lado derecho de 13 cm de diámetro y de 19 cm la izquierda y en la raíz del pene y región perianal de 2 cm, asociadas a dolor de ligera intensidad en miembros inferiores y fetidez ocasional. Se le realizaron estudios preoperatorios incluidos serología y VIH no reactivos. Se operó, realizándole exéresis y cierre con colgajo cutáneo abdominal. Evolucionó estable clínicamente, aunque presentó una infección de la herida quirúrgica donde se reportó Escherichia coli, sensible a gentamicina; cumplió con el tratamiento y egresó sin complicaciones posteriores. Conclusiones: el tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein se considera en la actualidad como una forma de carcinoma verrucoso, no presenta atipias celulares, descrito como benigno, pero un tercio de los casos puede malignizar. No obstante, por las frecuentes recidivas, es considerado por algunos autores como un tumor maligno. A pesar de existir varios tratamientos, es el quirúrgico el de mejores resultados.

ABSTRACT Background: the Buschke-Löwenstein tumor is a giant acuminate condyloma larger than 10 cm, more frequent in men, so the treatment of choice must always be surgical. Objective: to describe a case of giant acuminate condylomata. Case report: 54-year-old white male patient, who came with papillomatosis formations with soft and moist consistency of cauliflower, in both inguinal regions; on the right side of 13 centimeters in diameter and 19 centimeters on the left and at the root of the penis and perianal region of 2 centimeters, associated with pain of slight intensity in the lower limbs and occasional fetidity. Preoperative studies including non-reactive serology and HIV were performed. He underwent surgery, performing excision and closure with abdominal skin flap. He evolved clinically stable, although he presented an infection of the surgical wound where Escherichia Coli, gentamicin sensitive, was reported; he complied with treatment and left without further complications. Conclusions: Buschke-Löwenstein tumor is currently considered as a form of verrucous carcinoma, it does not present cellular atypia, described as benign, but one third of the cases can be maligne. Despite frequent recurrences, some authors consider it as a malignant tumor. Despite the existence of several treatments, the surgical treatment is the one with the best results.

Tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein - Condiloma gigante acuminado / Buschke-Löwenstein's Tumor - Giant Condyloma Acuminatum

Presentamos el caso de un hombre de 21 años de edad, infectado por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) que presenta lesiones verrucosas gigantes compatibles con un tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein (TBL) que afectaban la región perineal, anorrectal y genitales externos. También existía afectación del párpado superior derecho. (AU)

We report the case of a 21-year-old male patient, infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that presents giant warty lesions compatible with a Buschke-Lowenstein tumor (BLT) that affected the perineal, anorectal and external genital region. He also had a right upper eyelid lesion. (AU)

Tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein: relato de três casos / Buschke-Löwenstein Tumor: report of three cases

O tumor de Buschke-Löwenstein é uma doença rara, de transmissão sexual, associada ao papilomavírus humano, principalmente dos subtipos 6 e 11. Caracteriza-se como uma lesão exofítica, em forma de couve-flor, de progressão lenta, com alto poder de infiltração local. O seu principal fator de risco é a imunossupressão e o tratamento geralmente é cirúrgico, com ou sem terapias adjuvantes. O impacto na vida da paciente é grande, com altas taxas de recorrência após excisão cirúrgica. Relatamos 3 casos de condiloma gigante com achados histopatológicos diversos, com graus de infiltração e papilomatose variados.

The Buschke-Löwenstein Tumor is a rare, sexually transmitted disease, triggered by human papillomavirus, specially the subtypes 6 and 11. It is characterized as a cauliflower-shape exophytic mass, slowly progressive, with high local recurrence rates and high infiltration. The main risk factor is immunosuppression. Surgical treatment is usually preferred, with or without adjuvant therapy. It has a great impact on the patients' life, impairing their life quality. We report three cases of Giant Condyloma with diverse histopathological findings with varying degrees of infiltration and papillomatosis.

Tumor de Buschke Lowenstein / Buschke Lowenstein Tumor

El tumor de Buschke Lowenstein o condiloma gigante es una tumoración epitelial benigna, causada por el virus del papiloma humano, trasmisible sexualmente, en muy pocos casos se transforma en maligna. Se presentó un paciente masculino de 51 años, con tabaquismo crónico, etilismo ocasional y relaciones sexuales inestables y desprotegidas. Acudió al Servicio de Urología del Centro Oncológico Provincial de Holguín a causa de lesiones verrugosas inguinales, penoescrotales y perineales, que se trataron años antes, sin embargo, el abandono del tratamiento por parte del paciente favoreció el desarrollo de nuevas lesiones, mostró infección sobreañadida por Proteus mirabilis que respondió con ciprofloxacino. Se realizó escisión quirúrgica de las lesiones inguinoescrotales y perineales, en las lesiones penianas, se combinó con tratamiento tópico. Se administraron también inmunomoduladores. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria. Las lesiones penianas, tratadas con podofilino y 5-fluorouracilo, experimentaron ulceración y regresión total. Durante el seguimiento, realizado por un año, se observó la aparición de lesiones de pequeño tamaño que se trataron localmente. Actualmente, no existe un tratamiento completamente resolutivo para esta enfermedad.

Buschke Lowenstein tumor or Acuminate Giant Condyloma is a benign epithelial tumor, caused by Human Papillomavirus, sexually transmissible and in rare cases, it becomes to malignant one. A male patient of 51 years old, chronic smoker, occasional alcoholic was presented in this article. Unstable with sexual relations. The patient came to Urology service for inguinal, penoscrotal and perineal verrucous damages, that were treated and reduced (2009), but the patient abandoned the treatment causing the damage development. Add infection by Proteus mirabilis was solved with ciprofloxacino. Surgical reception of inguinoescrotal and perineals damages were performed. For penile damages the topic treatment was combined. Satisfactory postoperative evolution was observed. The penile damages were treated with podofilino and 5-Fluorouracilo, so ulceration and total reduction were observed. Inmunomodulators were also given. For one year the patient presented small lesions. Nowadays there is no a specific and definitive treatment.

Giant condyloma acuminatum: report of surgical treatment and evolution of healing / Condiloma acuminado gigante: relato de tratamento cirúrgico e evolução da cicatrização

O condiloma acuminado gigante, variante rara do condiloma acuminado anogenital, apresenta crescimento rápido associado a estados de imunodeficiência.Relatamos os resultados com os cuidados com a ferida operatória. Trata-se de homem de etnia negra, 55 anos, portador do vírus da imunodeficiência humana com condiloma acuminado acometendo desde as regiões inguinais até o sulco interglúteo, que foi ressecado permanecendo a ferida aberta para posterior enxertia. Os cuidados com essa ferida incluíram solução de polihexametileno biguanida/betaína, solução de ácidos graxos essenciais, hidrofibra/prata e película. Evoluiu com infecção secundária sendo a hidrofibra substituída por espuma de poliuretano/prata/ibuprofeno. Houve melhora da infecção e da dor, contração das bordas e presença de tecido de granulação em toda a lesão. Naquelas condições, o enxerto de pele foi realizado no 41º dia. A despeito dos possíveis vieses de confusão, pode-se inferir que esses cuidados prepararam o leito da ferida para receber o enxerto de pele.

Giant condyloma acuminatum, a rare variant of anogenital condyloma, shows rapid growth associated with immunodeficiency. Wound care after resection andoutcomes were reported. NGS, black, 55 years, HIV positive, with giant condyloma acuminatum affecting from the groin to the intergluteal groove, which wasresected, remaining the wound opened for later skin graft. Topical care included polihexametilene biguanide/betaine solution, essencial fatty acids solution,hydrofiber/silver, and poliuretane film. The wound developed secondary infection, so hidrofiber was replaced by polyurethane foam/silver/ibuprofen. Therewas improvement in infection and pain, contraction of the edges and the presence of granulation tissue across the lesion. In those conditions the skin graft was performed after 41 days. Despite possible confusion bias, it can be inferred that the care adopted prepared the wound bed to receive the skin graft.

Electrocautery Resection, Shaving with a Scalpel, and Podophyllin: a Combination Therapy for Giant Condyloma Acuminatum

Giant condyloma acuminatum (also known as Buschke-Lowenstein tumor) is a rare disease, for which the treatment of choice is still controversial. In the case described in this report, we used a combination of electrocautery and a surgical scalpel to resect a huge genital wart, followed by long-term local treatment with podophyllin. This procedure was relatively fast, easy to perform, involved minimal bleeding, and did not result in any complications. Moreover, combination therapy enabled us to avoid deep resection of the lesion and consequently, sexual function was preserved completely.

Buschke–Lowenstein Tumor in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patient: A Rare Case Report.

Buschke–Lowenstein tumor, otherwise known as giant condyloma acuminata, presents as an asymptomatic, papillomatous growth on the genitalia or the perianal area that grows to a large size. A 28 year old male HIV seropositive patient presented to outpatient department clinic with complaint of large painfull mass in pubic, peno-scrotal & anogenital region with pus, bleeding and fetid odour since 1 year Histopathological examination revealed hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, acanthosis & papillomatosis. A wide surgical excision was performed with removal of 80% of tumor and for rest of the tumor podophyllin 20% was prescribed.

Condiloma acuminado gigante (tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein) / Giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Lowenstein tumor)

Se presenta un paciente masculino de 72 años de edad de la raza blanca, que es remitido al Servicio de Coloproctología por presentar desde hace más de un año, aumento de volumen alrededor del ano que le dificulta la defecación y sentarse. Se han realizado múltiples tratamientos tópicos con resultados no satisfactorios por el servicio de dermatología. Se le realiza estudio histopatológico de la lesión y se obtuvo un condiloma acuminado gigante (tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein). Se ha dado seguimiento sin presentarse hasta el momento recurrencia. El tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein es una entidad rara, considerada una lesión premaligna provocada por el papiloma virus humano. Hasta el momento no se ha podido encontrar el tratamiento ideal y continúa presentando una alta tasa de recurrencia(AU)

This case report presented a 72 years-old Caucasian patient, who was referred to the Coloproctology Service because of increased volume around his anus that made it difficult for him to defecate and to sit down. He had followed several topical treatments prescribed by the dermatology service with unsatisfactory results. The lesion was histopathologically studied and the final diagnosis was giant condyloma acuminatum (Buschke-Lowenstein tumor). The patient was followed up and no recurrence has been so far observed. Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a rare entity, being considered as a premalignant lesion caused by human papillomavirus. The ideal treatment ha not been yet found and it remains a disease of high rate of recurrence(AU)

Condiloma acuminado gigante (tumor de Buschke Lowenstein): serie de 7 casos clínicos y revisión de la literatura / Giant condylomata acuminata (Buschke - Lowenstein tumor). series of 7 cases and literature review

El condiloma gigante acuminado (Tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein) es una rara enfermedad que afecta frecuentemente a pacientes inmunodeprimidos, presenta un alto porcentaje de malignización, tasa de recidiva y mortalidad. Existe poco consenso respecto de su tratamiento y controles post-operatorios, donde juegan un importante papel los estudios imagenológicos, existiendo escasa literatura al respecto. En la presente revisión, presentamos los casos de 7 pacientes, junto con sus características fundamentalmente en resonancia magnética como también en tomografía computada, además de realizar una revisión de la literatura. En general se observan lesiones exofíticas pediculadas en "coliflor". A la tomografía computada presentan densidad de partes blandas y vascularización. En resonancia magnética son isointensas en T1, levemente hiperintensas en T2, restringen a la difusión y captan heterogéneamente el medio de contraste paramagnético, manteniendo su realce en fases tardías.

Giant condyloma acuminata (Buschke - Lowenstein tumor ) is a rare disease that commonly affects immunocompromised patients, presenting a high percentage of malignancy, recurrence rate and mortality. There is little consensus regarding treatment and post-operative controls, where imaging studies play an important role, existing sparse literature regarding this. In this review, we present the cases of seven patients, along with their characteristics mainly on MRI as well as CT scan, in addition to a revision of the literature. In most cases, pedunculated exophytic "cauliflower-like" lesions are observed. Which are of soft-tissue density and vascularized. In magnetic resonance imaging they are isointense on T1, slightly hyperintense on T2, with restricted diffusion on DWI, and heterogenous enhancement on gadolinium administration, with a late progressive enhancement pattern.

Condiloma acuminado gigante (tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein): presentación de un caso / Giant acuminated condiloma (Bushke-Lowenstein tumor): case report

El condiloma gigante del pene o tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein, es un tumor epitelial benigno de origen viral y sexualmente transmisible, que en raros casos puede malignizar. Su histología se caracteriza por papilomatosis y acantosis endo y exofítica. Existen diferentes tratamientos del tumor, pero el más efectivo es la resección quirúrgica radical para evitar recidivas y malignización. Describir y documentar un caso de un condiloma acuminado gigante o tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein. Revisaremos la bibliografía existente sobre este tipo de tumor. Paciente masculino de 51 años de edad con lesiones vegetantes de 6 años de evolución, que se extienden desde la región perianal a perineal y ambas regiones inguinales, escroto y base de pene, a quien se le realizó resección quirúrgica amplia de la lesión. El estudio anatomopatológico reporta condiloma acuminado gigante, con inflamación crónica severa sobre agregada, el paciente mantiene resultados funcionales y estéticos muy satisfactorios después de la cirugía. El tumor de Buschke-Lowenstein es un condiloma acuminado gigante que se presenta con más frecuencia en hombres, benigno, cuyas lesiones clínicas son mayores de 10 cm, por lo que el tratamiento de elección debe ser siempre quirúrgico.

The giant condyloma of the penis or denominated Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a benign epithelial tumor of viral origin and its sexually transmissible, in rare cases can become transformation to malignant. Histology is characterized by papillomatosis and acanthosis endophytic and exophytic. There are different treatments of the tumor, but the most effective of them is the radical surgical resection to prevent recurrences and the malignant transformation of the lesion. To describe and document a case view of us in our institution of giant condyloma acuminatum or Buschke-Lowenstein tumor. We will review the existent literature on this type of tumor. Male patient 51 years old with vegetative lesions of 6 years of evolution, extending from the perineal and per anal region to groins, the scrotum and the penis base, who underwent extensive surgical resection treatment. The pathology reports giant condyloma acuminatum with severe chronic inflammation, actually the patient maintains satisfactory functional and aesthetic results after the surgery. The Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a giant condyloma acuminated it´s occurs more often in men, benign clinical lesions which are greater than 10 cm, so the treatment of choice should always be the surgical.

Tumor de Buschke-Lowestein: tratamento com imiquimod para preservação esfincteriana: relato de caso / Buschke-Lowenstein tumor: imiquimod therapy to esphincter preservation: case report

O tumor de Buschke-Lowestein, também conhecido como condiloma acuminado gigante é uma lesão de aspecto verrucoso, extensa, envolvendo a região ano-genital. Não representa uma lesão maligna por critérios histológicos, embora exista claramente um potencial de malignização, e tenha um comportamento agressivo. Não existe um consenso sobre o seu tratamento, aventando-se o uso de drogas quimioterápicas aplicadas local ou sistematicamente, uso de imunoterapia, radioterapia e ressecções cirúrgicas amplas isoladas ou em combinação com outras terapias. Relatamos um caso onde a opção de tratamento foi o imiquimod creme 5 por cento. A lesão envolvia musculatura esfincteriana e, sendo assim, a cirurgia acarretaria perda da continência fecal, causando ao paciente o ônus de um estoma definitivo. Após tratamento durante 20 semanas, o tumor apresentou regressão significativa de tamanho, sendo realizado excisão local da lesão residual com preservação esfincteriana.

Buschke-Lowestein tumor or giant condyloma acuminatum is a verrucous, large lesion in the anorectal and perianal regions. It is not a malignant lesion in histopathologic findings. However, there is a risk of malignancy and trends an aggressive behavior. There is not a gold standard therapy, with the use of topical or systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and large surgical resections. These surgical resections can be doing alone or in combinations with others therapies (multimodality therapy). The authors describe a case that the treatment option was the imiquimod cream 5 percent. The lesion invades in the anal sphincters, so fecal incontinence will result after surgery and a colostomy was mandatory. After 20 weeks treatment, the tumor presented a great regression, and it was treated with local excision and avoided a mutilating procedure.

A Case of Verrucous Carcinoma Arising on the Anogenitalia of Young Woman / 대한피부과학회지

Verrucous carcinoma is a slowly-growing, well-differentiated, low grade squamous cell carcinoma with little tendency to metastasize. There have been several case reports of this tumor but its occurrence at a young age is extremely rare. Herein we report a case of verrucous carcinoma arising on the anogenitalia of a young woman with pancytopenia.

A Case of Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor in Renal Transplant Recipient

Buschke-Lowenstein tumor is a rare disease in the category of designated as verrucous carcinoma characterized by its invasive downward penetration of underlying tissues in the perineum and perianal regions. Viruses, unclean sanitation and cytotoxic immune reaction have been proposed as the etiology of the tumor. However, among all the causes, recent studies have emphasized on the associaton of the tumor and human papilloma virus (HPV). Expecially, HPV also has been discovered in several cutaneous and anogenital lesions of solid organ transplant recipients. We herein report a case of Buschke-Lowenstein tumor in a renal transplant recipient with HPV 6 and 16 coinfection proved by HPV genotyping of DNA extracted from the biopsy specimen of the tumor.

A Case of Buschke-Lowenstein Tumor That Progressed to Squamous Cell Carcinoma / 대한피부과학회지

Buschke-Lowenstein (B-L) tumor occurs in penis associated with human papillomavirus (HPV). It appears as a exophytic cauliflower-like mass that may be foul smelling and sometimes ulcerated. B-L tumor is predominantly associated with HPV 6, 11 and rarely 16, 18. Because HPV 6, 11 are usually isolated from benign lesions, it has been hypothesized that other cofactors such as immunosuppression, poor hygiene, lack of circumcision, and chronic irritation may be involved. In addition, genomic alternation or subtle amino-acid changes in the HPV 6 E7 protein may play a role in enhancing oncogenic properties of the low-risk virus, HPV 6. We present a case of B-L tumor with squamous cell carcinoma that showed HPV 6 positive and altered p53.