ABSTRACT
Women who suffer out-of-hospital cardiac arrest receive cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and automated external defibrillator (AED) less frequently than that of men. Understanding the public perception on the necessity of the occurrence of life-saving disparities for fair intervention application to individuals with injuries and sickness is needed. The participants were undergraduate students of the university. Anxiety and irritability towards bystander CPR and AED operations were investigated. The participants of the analysis were 368 individuals (153 men and 215 women), of which 80.4% of men and 95.8% of women had anxiety about life-saving procedures. Regarding AED operation, 90 (58.8%) men and 74 (34.4%) women hesitated on removing clothing from a woman with injury or sickness. The reasons on women with injury and illness were less likely to be suitable with AEDs involved anxiety about life-saving procedures, litigation issues, and posting and spreading on social networking sites (SNS). Particularly, if men intervened with women with wounds, the main limitations were the risk of the act developing into a lawsuit and gaze of others, namely SNS. Bystander anxiety towards life-saving procedures was found to be strongly expressed by women. It also became evident that early recognition of cardiac arrest was not performed for patients with injuries 20–30% of the time. Training specifically for women with wounds and sickness may reduce sex differences in bystander CPR and AED application.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Simplifying the learning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is advocated to improve skill acquisition and retention. A simplified CPR training programme focusing on continuous chest compression, with a simple landmark tracing technique, was introduced to laypeople. The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the simplified CPR training in improving lay rescuers' CPR performance as compared to standard CPR.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 85 laypeople (aged 21-60 years) were recruited and randomly assigned to undertake either a two-hour simplified or standard CPR training session. They were tested two months after the training on a simulated cardiac arrest scenario. Participants' performance on the sequence of CPR steps was observed and evaluated using a validated CPR algorithm checklist. The quality of chest compression and ventilation was assessed from the recording manikins.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The simplified CPR group performed significantly better on the CPR algorithm when compared to the standard CPR group (p < 0.01). No significant difference was found between the groups in time taken to initiate CPR. However, a significantly higher number of compressions and proportion of adequate compressions was demonstrated by the simplified group than the standard group (p < 0.01). Hands-off time was significantly shorter in the simplified CPR group than in the standard CPR group (p < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Simplifying the learning of CPR by focusing on continuous chest compressions, with simple hand placement for chest compression, could lead to better acquisition and retention of CPR algorithms, and better quality of chest compressions than standard CPR.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Age Factors , Algorithms , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation , Education , Checklist , Heart , Heart Arrest , Learning , Manikins , Pressure , Prospective Studies , Resuscitation , Education , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
@#BACKGROUND:To evaluate the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in India and factors influencing the outcome. METHODS:The outcome and related factors like demographics, aspects of the OHCA event, return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival to discharge, among the 80 adult patients presenting to emergency department experiencing OHCA considered for resuscitation between January 2014 to April 2015, were analyzed, according to the guidelines of the Utstein consensus conference. RESULTS: The survival rate to hospital admission was 32.5％, the survival rate to hospital discharge was 8.8％and with good cerebral performance category (CPC1) neurological status was 3.8％. Majority of OHCA was seen in elderly individuals between 51 to 60 years, predominately in males. Majority of OHCA were witnessed arrests (56.5％) with 1.3％bystander CPR rate, 92.5％arrests occurred at home, 96％presented with initial non-shockable rhythm and 92.5％with presumed cardiac etiology but survival was better in those who experienced OHCA at public place, in witnessed arrests, in patients who had shockable presenting rhythm and in those where CPR duration was≤20 minutes. CONCLUSION: Witnessed arrests, early initiation of CPR by bystanders, CPR duration ≤20 minutes, initial presenting shockable rhythm, OHCA with non-cardiac etiology are associated with a good outcome. To improve the outcome of CPR and the low survival rates after an OHCA event in India, focused strategies should be designed to set up an emergency medical system (EMS), to boost the rates of bystander CPR and education of the lay public in basic CPR.
ABSTRACT
A survey was carried out on how the To-no District is coping with the need of first aid for patients requiring life-supporting treatment before hospitalization. Although there were cities in this district where statistics on first aid were not available, the survey found that, during the 4-year period from 1994 through 1997, bystander CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation) saved 11.2% of the lives of patients with CPA (cardiopulmonary arrest). Incidentally, 11.3% of the population attended CPR courses offered by public institutions. Gifu Prefecture has helicopters for use in rescue work, but the survey found that some cities had not ever sponsored drills using helicopters in life-saving operations. Our findings revealed the indifference of the general public as well as administrators in this district toward emergency care. Public recognition of the importance of the care of suddenly ill or injured patients must be gained. Furthermore, acquisition of skills required for first aid by lay people and technical improvement of these skills in professional rescuers are necessary. The authors think that these are the community educational responsibility of hospitals and other medical institutions.