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Chuangxinmycin is an antibiotic isolated from CPCC 200056 in the 1970s with a novel indole-dihydrothiopyran heterocyclic skeleton. Chuangxinmycin showed antibacterial activity and efficacy in mouse infection models as well as preliminary clinical trials. But the biosynthetic pathway of chuangxinmycin has been obscure since its discovery. Herein, we report the identification of a stretch of DNA from the genome of CPCC 200056 that encodes genes for biosynthesis of chuangxinmycin by bioinformatics analysis. The designated cluster was then confirmed to be responsible for chuangxinmycin biosynthesis by direct cloning and heterologous expressing in M1146. The cytochrome P450 CxnD was verified to be involved in the dihydrothiopyran ring closure reaction by the identification of seco-chuangxinmycin in M1146 harboring the gene cluster with an inactivated . Based on these results, a plausible biosynthetic pathway for chuangxinmycin biosynthesis was proposed, by hijacking the primary sulfur transfer system for sulfur incorporation. The identification of the biosynthetic gene cluster of chuangxinmycin paves the way for elucidating the detail biochemical machinery for chuangxinmycin biosynthesis, and provides the basis for the generation of novel chuangxinmycin derivatives by means of combinatorial biosynthesis and synthetic biology.
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Objective To develop a HIS architecture based on.NET in C/S environment,so that the different functional modules of the HIS can be easily loaded into the architecture to improve the efficiency of HIS development and reduce development costs.Methods The proposed HIS architecture underwent hierarchical structure design,and was composed of boundary,logic,data access and physical layers.The user input data through the boundary layer,responded to the user request through the logic layer,and reacted to the request from the logic layer through the data access layer to realize database access.The boundary,logic and data access layers transferred data through the physical layer which was used as the data carrier.C# language of Visual Studio 2008 was applied to the development of the architecture program.Results The system could conveniently load each function module in HIS of the hospital,which greatly facilitated the developer to control the function of the program.Conclusion The system meets the requirements of medical staff and management to the software,improves the efficiency of HIS system development,and reduces the cost of system development.
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Objective To develop a medical equipment purchase and audit supervision system to promote medical equipment purchase.Methods The system was developed with C/S architecture,Windows XP system and above as the development platform,SQL Server 2005 as the database management system and PowerBuilder 9 as the development tool.There were 5 modules composing the system,including the ones for plan application and management,expert database management,veudor database management,purchase approval as well as audit and supervision.Results The system realized whole-course management of medical equipment purchase and carried out audit supervision based on data analysis,which simplified working flow,increased working efficiency and decreased purchase risks.Conclusion The system promotes the communication between the departments,and contributes to enhancing medical equipment purchase,audit supervision and risk prevention.
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Objective To involve informatized measures into medical equipment maintenance to enhance their clinical quality and safety.Methods A medical equipment maintenance management system was developed with C/S and B/S to establish the architecture,PowerBuilder language for programming and SQL Server 2008 database for data storage and inquiry.Results 2-a clinical trial proved the system had high stability,which facilitated maintenance application as well as inquiry and statistical analysis on maintenance records through network.Concinsion The system realizes informatized medical equipment maintenance management and promotes medical equipment maintenance management.
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Objective To involve informatized measures into medical equipment maintenance to enhance their clinical quality and safety.Methods A medical equipment maintenance management system was developed with C/S and B/S to establish the architecture,PowerBuilder language for programming and SQL Server 2008 database for data storage and inquiry.Results 2-a clinical trial proved the system had high stability,which facilitated maintenance application as well as inquiry and statistical analysis on maintenance records through network.Concinsion The system realizes informatized medical equipment maintenance management and promotes medical equipment maintenance management.
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Objective To solve the problems in medical equipment utilization,supervision,management,clinical safety and etc.Methods A centralized management and sharing system of medical equipment was developed with functional requirements analysis,C/S architecture and programming.Results The system eliminated the needs for manual accounting and allocation,enhanced medical equipment usage rate and improved equipment borrowing procedure.Conclusion The system contributes to dynamic management and efficacy evaluation of medical equipment,so as the working efficiency can be increased while the costs can be decreased for manpower and materials.
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〔Abstract〕 The paper overviews the development status of physical examination system, designs and constructs C/S based distributed students physical examination system, introduces design priciples, system architecture and main function models.The design and development of this system could resolve the data sharing problem among the students and their parents, schools and hospitals, it has practical significance.
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Trata-se de um de relato de experiência dos monitores bolsistas e voluntários de alguns cursos da área de saúde da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) no projeto PET-Saúde, sob supervisão de cinco preceptores e de um tutor do projeto realizado na Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) Cafezal. O objetivo é descrever a experiência desse grupo tutorial do PET-Saúde Cafezal na promoção de hábitos saudáveis de vida. Os monitores puderam vivenciar a rotina do serviço de Atenção Primária, através do acompanhamento de diferentes atividades em diversos setores da UBS Cafezal e perceberam que os aspectos mais relevantes do projeto foram o trabalho interdisciplinar e multiprofissional, de acordo com os princípios de respeito e ética, a observação da rotina e do funcionamento da UBS, bem como a oportunidade de aplicarem seus conhecimentos acadêmicos adquiridos previamente. O modelo utilizado como estratégia de ensino-aprendizagem permitiu-lhes um meio de aprendizado teórico-prático dos preceitos adotados pelo SUS, uma vez que, devido ao princípio da indissociabilidade entre extensão, ensino e pesquisa, são realizados diversos trabalhos em campo e desenvolvidas pesquisas com equipes multidisciplinares.
This is an experience report of the scholarship students and volunteers of health science courses of the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) who participated in the PET-Health project, under the supervision of five preceptors and one tutor. The project was carried out at the Primary Health Care Unit (PHCU) Cafezal in the city of Belo Horizonte. The objective of the project was the diffusion of healthy lifestyle concerning physical activity and nutrition. The aim of this report is the characterization of the experiences of this tutorial group. The monitors were able to experience the service routines of primary care by monitoring different activities in all sectors of the PHCU-Cafezal. The most relevant aspects of the project were multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary cooperation, in accordance with the principles of respect and ethics, the routine observation and operation of PHCU, as well as the opportunity to apply the recently acquired academic knowledge. This teaching and learning strategy enabled the students to practice the updated principles of preventive health care adopted by SUS, due to the principle of indivisibility of university extension projects, innovative teaching strategies and research.
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Both clays and calcium silicate hydrates(the main hydration products of Portland cements) exhibit a microstructure made up of lamellar particles. The microscopic mechanism responsible for the macroscopic creep of such materials is often described as the relative sliding of the sheets. This paper proposes a micromechanical approach to estimate the macroscopic creep behavior rising from this microscopic mechanism. The asymptotic evolution of creep at both short- and long-term is especially investigated. More precisely, a non-vanishing initial elastic strain is retrieved. At long-term, a threshold on porosity appears. At lower porosities, the creep evolution admits an asymptotic strain. At higher porosities, it admits an asymptotic strain rate.
Argilas e hidratos de cálcio (principal produto de cimentos) ambos exibem microestrutura composta por partículas em forma de lamelas. O principal mecanismo responsável pelo fenômeno de fluência macroscópico é frequentemente descrito pelo deslizamento entre as lamelas. O artigo propõe uma abordagem micromecânica para estimar a fluência macroscópica que surge a partir do mecanismo microscópico. A evolução assintótica da fluência para tempos curtos e longos é especialmente investigada. Mais precisamente uma tensão inicial não nula é derivada. Para tempos longos um limiar de porosidade surge da modelagem. Na faixa de porosidades mais baixas a evolução da fluência admite deformação assintótica. Para porosidades altas o problema admite taxa de deformação assintótica.
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Objective To develop a database management system specially applied for medical equipment maintenance administration, Methods Under PowerBuiider/SQL Server development environment, the C/S mode system structure was confirmed and the system function modules were designed. Results The application of C/S mode structure was coincident with the division-cooperation work flow in large and medium hospitals, and the design of function modules met the demand of information collection and utilization of medical equipment maintenance.Conclusion The database management system can preserve the information of medical equipment maintenance effectively and facilitate its usage. Moreover, many statistical indexes about the maintenance administration are available in this system.
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Community structure and association of waterbirds with spatial heterogeneity in the Bahia Magdalena-Almejas wetland complex, Baja California Sur, Mexico. To test the hypothesis that spatial heterogeneity determines waterbird diversity in a coastal wetland, we compared waterbird density, diversity, and species composition among various habitats and landscapes units in Bahia Magdalena-Almejas, Baja California Sur, Mexico. Based on diversity patterns and bird distribution, we assessed the effect of coastal development on the waterbird community structure. To gather information on habitat features and waterbird populations we conducted waterbird censuses in 329 habitat segments along the internal coastline of the study area, from February 2002 to February 2003. We performed non-parametric analyses to test the null hypothesis of no diference on waterbird density, and diversity among landscape units and seasons. The species composition was evaluated using ordination techniques. Waterbird density was higher in winter and autumn in the three lagoons of the study area, particularly in the insular coast, sandy beach and dunes; it was higher in the few segments of antropic sustrate. Diversity was significantly higher in mangrove habitat along the peninsular coast, and in mangrove-dunes association on the insular coast. Although modification of coastal natural habitat and boat transit disturbance had no influence on waterbird density or diversity, the highest richness of waterbirds occurred in well preserved areas. Species composition analysis showed differences between Santo Domingo Channel and Magdalena Bay. Pelagic and mangrove habitat had a species composition difference higher than those associations in other habitats. Such differences in species assemblages by habitat and landscape units suggest that communities are structured according to the range of available natural resources in structurally complex habitats, and that dominant piscivorous waterbird species...
Para probar la hipótesis que la heterogeneidad espacial determina la diversidad de aves acuáticas en un humedal costero, comparamos la densidad, diversidad y composición de especies de aves acuáticas entre habitats y otras unidades de paisaje del complejo Bahía Magdalena-Almejas, Baja California Sur, México. Se realizaron censos de aves acuáticas en 329 segmentos de habitat de la línea de costa interna del complejo lagunar, desde febrero 2002 hasta febrero 2003. La densidad de aves fue mayor en invierno y otoño en las tres lagunas del área de estudio; de las zonas, la densidad fue mayor en la costa insular; y de los habitats en playa arenosa y dunas pero en los pocos segmentos de sustrato antrópico la densidad fue alta. La diversidad fue significativamente mayor en otoño; en Canal Santo Domingo; en la costa peninsular; y de los habitats en manglar-dunas y manglar. La modificación del habitat natural costero y el disturbio por tránsito de embarcaciones no tuvieron influencia en la densidad o diversidad de aves acuáticas, pero la riqueza acumulada mayor ocurrió en las costas bien conservadas y sin disturbio. El análisis de la composición de especies mostró diferencias entre las asociaciones de Canal Santo Domingo y Bahía Magdalena. El ambiente pelágico y el manglar tuvieron diferencia mayor en la composición de especies con respecto a las asociaciones de los demás habitats, tales diferencias en elencos de especies por habitat sugieren que la comunidad de aves está estructurada de acuerdo a los recursos naturales disponibles de las lagunas, zonas y habitats, en relación con la complejidad estructural de las unidades de paisaje. Las condiciones ecológicas del complejo lagunar ocasionan que las aves acuáticas piscívoras sean el grupo dominante de esta comunidad.
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Animals , Birds/classification , Biodiversity , Ecosystem , Birds/physiology , Population Density , Population Dynamics , Seasons , Geography , Animal Migration , MexicoABSTRACT
Objective To achieve the software automatic updates and maintenance in the local area network which is developed based on the C/S structure. Methods Based on the existing software and hardware development platform,we use PowerBuilder to exploit and compile a program which can determine whether the software need to update automatically or not under the premise of unchanging the existing LAN software system. Results When the user terminal in the local area network runs this program,they can update it automatically whenever they need. Conclusion This method will greatly reduce the later maintenance software,upgrade works and also improve the work efficiency and accuracy.
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Medical consumables management plays an important role in hospital management from the view of both enhancing the hospital management and facilitating the computation of consuming material cost.Based on the practical experience of the consumables management system,this paper presents a plan for medical consumable management system based on C/S mode,and its main functions and features.
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Objective To develop a graphic reporting system,which should have good scalability,and be able to connect with the hospital information system,to restore the operation of colposcopy.Methods The system adopted multi-layer C/S structure.Microsoft SQL Server database platform was used in data layer.Application service layer and client application were developed with Delphi.ADO components were integrated into application service layer to connect the database.Client applications and application service layers communicated with each other through the SOCKET protocol.Image processing module was based on the acquisition hardware design,using the development kits provided by the hardware merchant to achieve acquisition and processing functions.Results The graphic reporting system achieved real-time image acquisition,and possessed the function of flexibly generating reports.Besides dynamic setting of the menu,the system was even innovative in achieving the report's custom settings,which could be easily carried out in different departments because of its capability of setting up totally different kinds of report contents and output format according to different demands.Conclusion The graphic reporting system meets the design requirements for restoring the operation of the original colposcopy equipment.Furthermore,it is innovative among the similar systems in achieving a dynamic interface design,which has a good scalability to meet the demand for similar departments.It resolves the problem of developing the hardware-based personalized image acquisition software,so that it can effectively reduce the operational costs.
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Objective:To investigate the numbers and distributions of dendritic cells and the expressive intensity of CD1c,S 100 in different human ovarian carcinoma tissues,and to discuss the relationship between them and the mechanism of development.The study can provide the experimental date of biological therapy of ovarian carcinoma.Methods:The samples of 31 patients with ovarian carcinoma were analyzed by ABC immunocytochemistry and computer imaging techniques.Results:The results showed that the number of positive dendritic cells in ovarian carcinoma reduced greatly with significant and the expressive intensity of CD1c,S 100 was weaker in ovarian carcinoma than in normal ovarian tissues.Conclusion:The total expression of dendritic cells phenotypic antigens was reduced in ovarian epithelial carcinoma,which may play an important role in initiating immunity against ovarian carcinoma.
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Objective To develop health supervision information system. Methods The operation needs for health supervision department are analyzed; the object-oriented method is used to build the structure based on C/S mode, the client software is programmed by Delphi languages and Oracle is adopted as the database for its server. Results The functions of the health supervision system are realized including permission, inspection, punishment, statistical analysis and instruments print and so on. Conclusion The information system can be fulfilled the business needs of the health supervision department and enhanced inspection efficiency.
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It is important and of heavy workload for the client in C/S system to update.According to the actuality of our hospital,this paper suggests three methods and discusses the suitable conditions respectively.These methods have great value in practice.
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To consider indications of stereotactic evacuation of spontaneous I.C.H., we reviewed 155 patients of spontaneous I.C.H. treated with B.R.W. stereotaxy in recent 2 years form Jan. 1986 to Dec. 1987. And we analysed clinical outcome according to volume of hematoma, anatomical location of hematoma, operation time from attack and initial G.C.S.. We concluded "Indications of stereotactic evacuation of spontaneous I.C.H." as followings; 1) There was no contraindication according to anatomical location of hematoma even if brain stem and posterior fossa. 2) Golden operation time seems to be as early as possible after 6-8 hours from attack. 3) There was no contraindication according to volume of hematoma but there was increased tendency of rebleeding in small thalamic hemorrhage. 4) Low initial G.C.S. was not definite contraindication but final end-result was not so satisfactory. 5) Combined I.V.H. was also good indication, because of low occurrence of postoperative hydrocephalus and early removal of ventricular hemorrhage.
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Humans , Brain Stem , Hematoma , Hemorrhage , HydrocephalusABSTRACT
AIM: The aim of the present study was to clar ify the mechanism of intracellular signal transduction in Ang II-induced prolife ration of vascular smooth muscular cells (VSMC) by observing the effect of c-Src on Ang II-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and c-Fos protein expression in cultured VSMC of rats. METHODS: Cultured aortic VSMCs from SD rats were transfected wit h anti-sense c-Src oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) wrapt with lipofectin to inhibit c-Src activity and protein production. Untransfected VSMCs were used as control . We observed the role of Ang II stimulation in MAPK activation and c-Fos protei n expression. c-Src kinase activity was measured by protein immunoprecipitation and kinase autophosphorylation. The phosphorylation rate of the substrate myeli n basic protein (MBP) was employed to assess MAPK activity. Western immunoblot w as used to detect protein expression of c-Src and c-Fos. RESULTS: c-Src protein expression in VSMC transfected with diffe rent concentrations of anti-sense ODNs significantly decreased in a negative dos e-effect manner. c-Src kinase activity was also markedly inhibited . Following t he stimulation of Ang II on transfected VSMCs with anti-sense ODNs, the increase rate of c-Src activity was 8.7% of that in control, the activity of MAPK was 1 .6% compared with control and c-Fos protein expression was as 30.0% as that of control. CONCLUSION: Ang II induces c-Src activation. MAPK activation and c-Fos protein expression by Ang II is dependent on c-Src activation. These find ings indicate that c-Src is an important signal factor in Ang II -induced VSMC proliferati on.
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The pain eliminating effects of electroacupuncture have long been known however the analgesic mechanism involved has yet to be clarified. Recently with the discovery of endogenous analgesic peptids called endorphins much attention has been called to the relationship of these endorphins and the acupuncture analgesic effect. We examined to determine how electroacupuncture influences lumbar CSF endorphins and the so-called pain transmitting substance, Substance P.<br>In order to establish continuous lumbar anesthesia using tetracaine for 8 patients with gynecological lower abdominal diseases, a Tuohy needle was inserted from the lumbar area and a catheter inserted into the subarachnoidal space. In each case at the time of the insertion of the catheter 5ml. CSF was tapped. As pre-medication 0.01mg/kg. atropine sulfate, 2mg/kg secobarbiturate were administered. To maintain the analgesic effect hyperbaric or hypobaric tetracaine was administered according to individaul needs. For hypotension during the operations a plasma expander and when necessary ephedrine were administered by intramuscular or intravenous injection.<br>Immediately following the start of surgery acupuncture needles were inserted at right and left LI-4 and electrical stimulation at 3c/s, 1.0mA was administered for 50-120 minutes using the acupuncture therapy apparatus “TOKKI”. when the operation was finished, after 5ml. of CSF was again tapped through the catheter, the catheter was withdrawn as far as the subdural space and 20-40ml. physiological saline injected to combat the headache due to spinal fluid leakage. The test substance was immediately transferred to a siliconized test tube and cooled to a temperature of-80°C.<br>The RIA methods were used for the measurement of both endorphins and substance P. The crossover reaction between the β-endorphin and the βLPH was 50%. (Using the β-endorphin measuring kit manufactured by NEN).<br>The results in 7 of 8 examples showed a significant increase in CSF endorphins after electroacupuncture. It also became clear that there was a tendency for substance P levels to decrease due to electroacupuncture.