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Salud pública Méx ; 58(2): 285-290, Mar.-Apr. 2016.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-793012

ABSTRACT

Abstract Oropharyngeal cancer incidence has recently increased, thereby attracting public attention. Akin to other malignancies of the upper aerodigestive tract, it has been attributed to the carcinogenic effects of tobacco and alcohol use. However, recent evidence shows that a substantial increase in the disease is attributable to the effects of human papillomavirus (HPV). Marked progress has been made in relation to the knowledge of molecular and genetic mechanisms involved in the genesis and progression of these cancers. This has led to the development of new and promising therapies of a more specific and less toxic nature that have prolonged life and improved its quality. However, these therapies have failed to significantly increase the proportion of patients who are cured. To decrease the mortality associated with these neoplasms, it is necessary to adopt public health measures aimed at prevention and early diagnosis.


Resumen El cáncer de orofarínge recientemente ha incrementado su incidencia, por lo que ha atraído la atención pública. Como en otras neoplasias malignas de las vías aerodigestivas superiores se atribuye a los efectos carcinogénicos del tabaco y alcohol, sin embargo evidencia reciente señala un incremento substancial atribuible a los efectos del virus del papiloma humano. Mucho se ha avanzado en relación a los conocimientos de los mecanismos moleculares y genéticos implicados en la génesis y progresión de estas neoplasias, lo que ha conducido al desarrollo de nuevas y prometedoras terapias, mas especificas y menos tóxicas, que han prolongado la vida y mejorado su calidad, pero no han logrado incrementar significativamente la proporción de pacientes curados. Si se desea abatir la mortalidad por estas neoplasias es necesario emprender medidas de salud publica dirigidas a su prevención y diagnóstico temprano.


Subject(s)
Humans , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/epidemiology , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Papillomaviridae/pathogenicity , Quality of Life , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/therapy , Oropharyngeal Neoplasms/virology , Incidence , Risk Factors , Morbidity/trends , Combined Modality Therapy , Disease Management , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Mexico/epidemiology , Neoplasm Metastasis
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