ABSTRACT
Introduction:Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are one of the most common adverse drug reactions. Publicationson clinical correlation between cutaneous presentations and causative agents are limited among thelocal population. This study aims to determine the clinical presentations of cutaneous adverse drugreactions and the causative drugs in the local population.Methods:A retrospective, cross sectional study was conducted from the pharmacy cutaneous adverse drugreaction database from January 2014 to December 2016 in Tawau, Keningau & Queen Elizabeth (KotaKinabalu) Hospitals.Results:A total of 859 cases of cutaneous adverse drug reactions were identified. Out of these, 53.3% (n=458)were females and 46.7% (n=401) were males. The mean age was 36 years old. Majority of patients were20-29 years old (16.6%) followed by 50-59 years old (15.1%). Most of the cases were reported amongthe Chinese community (16.4%), followed by the Malay (15.9%), Dusun (14.7%) and Bajau (14.0%)populations. The most common cutaneous manifestations were urticaria and or angioedema (49%, n=421) and maculopapular rash (39.6%, n=340). Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCAR) constituted2.8% in total. The major causative agent was antibiotic which accounted for 55.1% (n=473), followedby nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 28.1% (n=241) and analgesics, 10.8% (n=93).Conclusion:The types of cutaneous manifestations and causative drugs in Sabah are similar to those reported inother states of the country and abroad. This study provides evidence of local cutaneous adverse drugreaction characteristics in different ethnic group.
ABSTRACT
Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is one of the manifestations of severe form of cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADRs). Penicillin group of antibiotics is well-known to cause the CADRs. Few cases of amoxicillin and only one case of dicloxacillininduced SJS have been reported. To the best of our literature search, we have not come across a single case of amoxicillin– dicloxacillin-induced SJS. Here, we report a case of amoxicillin–dicloxacillin-induced SJS in a 28-year-old female patient. The rationality of amoxicillin–dicloxacillin fixed drug combination is doubtful. Hence, prescribing rational drug therapy and promptly reporting the adverse drug reactions is essential so that noncompliance to treatment with resultant therapeutic failure and augmented antimicrobial resistance can be avoided.
ABSTRACT
The observational and cross section study was conducted in the ADR monitoring centre, department of pharmacology, GMCH. The cutaneous adverse drug reactions (CADR) reported by physician of dermatology department of GMCH were collected and then causality, severity and preventability assessment was done. The results were presented as number and percentage. Acne and erythema was commonly reported CADR in our study. Most of the reported CADRs were possible, definitely preventable and mild in nature. Our study suggests that there is a need of intensive monitoring for ADRs in tertiary care hospital for early detection and to ensure the patient safety.