In vitro study on cyclic fatigue resistance of three types of nickel titanium files in preparation for bending root canals / 口腔疾病防治

Objective@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in the anti cyclic fatigue performance of Woride KS (WKS), Proteper Gold (PTG), and Hyflex CM (HCM) nickel titanium instruments with different tip diameters in curved root canal models, and to provide reference for the targeted selection of suitable nickel titanium instruments in clinical preparation of curved root canals.

Identificación de Mycobacteria no pigmenteda de crecimiento rápido por el Método Molecular de Micobacterium de Genotipo CM / Identification of Fast-Growing Non-Pigmented Mycobacteria by the Genotype® Mycobacterium CM Molecular Method

Introducción: la micobacteria no terberculosa (NTM) forma un grupo heterogéneo de microorganismos que pueden causar infección en humanos. Las micobacterias no pigmentadas de rápido crecimiento (MNPCR) son de interés clínico debido al creciente número de pacientes infectados por ellos y a la dificultad del tratamiento. Dentro de este grupo, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium abscessus y Mycobacterium chelonae son reconocidos como patógenos potenciales; estas especies se han aislado de infecciones pulmonares y extrapulmonares. Objetivo: el objetivo de este trabajo es encontrar la frecuencia de aislamiento de especies micobacterianas de rápido crecimiento, específicamente el complejo Mycobacterium fortuitum, de muestras clínicas utilizando la técnica molecular de diagnóstico GenoType Mycobacterium CM. Material y Método: se analizaron 249 aislados de micobacterias no tuberculosas obtenidas de muestras pulmonares y extrapulmonares de pacientes sintomáticos en el período enero 2018-diciembre de 2022. La técnica molecular GenoType Mycobacterium CM se utilizó para identificar la especie. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 77 (3,9%) aislados de especies no pigmentadas de rápido crecimiento, estas se identificaron en orden decreciente: Mycobacterium fortuitum 65 (84,41%), Mycobacterium abcessus 9 (11,68%) y Mycobacterium chelonae 3 (4%). Conclusiones: los resultados reafirman que el complejo Mycobacterium fortuitum es responsable de la mayoría de las infecciones causadas por la micobacteria en rápido crecimiento en humanos. La técnica diagnóstica GenoType Mycobacterium CM es una herramienta útil para la rápida identificación de micobacterias; proporciona resultados precisos en menos tiempo, acortando significativamente el tiempo diagnóstico, permite la aplicación temprana de tratamiento específico, evitando así la propagación de la infección.

Introduction: non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) form a heterogeneous group of mi-croorganisms that can cause infection in humans. Fast-growing non-pigmented my-cobacteria (MNPCR) are of clinical interest due to the increasing number of patients infected by them and the difficulty of treatment. Within this group, Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae are recognized as potential pathogens; these species have been isolated from both pulmonary and ex-trapulmonary infections. Objective: the objective of this work is to find the frequency of isolation of fast-growing non-pigmented mycobacterial species, specifically the Myco-bacterium fortuitum complex, from clinical samples using the GenoType® Mycobacteri-um CM diagnostic molecular technique. Material and Method: 249 isolates of non-tu-berculous mycobacteria obtained from pulmonary and extrapulmonary samples from symptomatic patients in the period January 2018-December 2022 were analyzed. The G e n oTy p e® Mycobacterium CM molecular technique was used to identify the species. Results: 77 (30.9%) isolates of fast-growing non-pigmented species were obtained, these were identified in decreasing order: Mycobacterium fortuitum 65 (84.41%), Myco-bacterium abcessus 9 (11.68%) and Mycobacterium chelonae 3 (4%). Conclusions: the results reaffirm that the Mycobacterium fortuitum complex is responsible for most in-fections caused by fast-growing mycobacteria in humans. The GenoType® Mycobacte-riumCM diagnostic technique is a useful tool for the rapid identification of mycobacte-ria; it provides accurate results in less time, significantly shortening the diagnostic time, it allows the early application of specific treatment, thus avoiding the spread of infec-tion.

Current status, trends, and challenges of continuous manufacturing technology for oral traditional Chinese medicine solid preparations / 中国中药杂志

In recent years, continuous manufacturing technology has attracted considerable attention in the pharmaceutical industry. This technology is highly sought after for its significant advantages in cost reduction, increased efficiency, and improved productivity, making it a growing trend in the future of the pharmaceutical industry. Compared to traditional batch production methods, continuous manufacturing technology features real-time control and environmentally friendly intelligence, enabling pharmaceutical companies to produce drugs more efficiently. However, the adoption of continuous manufacturing technology has been slow in the field of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pharmaceuticals. On the one hand, there is insufficient research on continuous manufacturing equipment and technology that align with the characteristics of TCM preparations. On the other hand, the scarcity of talent with diverse expertise hampers its development. Therefore, in order to promote the modernization and upgrading of the TCM pharmaceutical industry, this article combined the current development status of the TCM industry to outline the development status and regulatory requirements of continuous manufacturing technology. At the same time, it analyzed the problems with existing TCM manufacturing models and explored the prospects and challenges of applying continuous manufacturing technology in the field of TCM pharmaceuticals. The analysis focused on continuous manufacturing control strategies, technical tools, and pharmaceutical equipment, aiming to provide targeted recommendations to drive the development of the TCM pharmaceutical industry.

TGR5 deficiency activates antitumor immunity in non-small cell lung cancer via restraining M2 macrophage polarization

The bile acid-responsive G-protein-coupled receptor TGR5 is expressed in monocytes and macrophages, and plays a critical role in regulating inflammatory response. Our previous work has shown its role in promoting the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet the mechanism remains unclear. Here, using Tgr5-knockout mice, we show that TGR5 is required for M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and suppresses antitumor immunity in NSCLC via involving TAMs-mediated CD8+ T cell suppression. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that TGR5 promotes TAMs into protumorigenic M2-like phenotypes via activating cAMP-STAT3/STAT6 signaling. Induction of cAMP production restores M2-like phenotypes in TGR5-deficient macrophages. In NSCLC tissues from human patients, the expression of TGR5 is associated with the infiltration of TAMs. The co-expression of TGR5 and high TAMs infiltration are associated with the prognosis and overall survival of NSCLC patients. Together, this study provides molecular mechanisms for the protumor function of TGR5 in NSCLC, highlighting its potential as a target for TAMs-centric immunotherapy in NSCLC.

Smart Spectrophotometric Methods for Concurrent Determination of Furosemide and Spironolactone Mixture in Their Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

Abstract Simple, precise, accurate and specific spectrophotometric methods are progressed and validated for concurrent analysis of Furosemide (FUR) and Spironolactone (SPR) in their combined dosage form depend on spectral analysis procedures. Furosemide (FUR) in the binary mixture could be analyzed at its λmax 274 nm using its recovered zero order absorption spectrum using constant multiplication method (CM). Spironolactone (SPR) in the mixture could be analyzed at its λmax 238 nm by ratio subtraction method (RS). Concurrent determination for FUR and SPR in their mixture could be applied by amplitude modulation method (AM), absorbance subtraction method (AS) and ratio difference (RD). Linearity ranges of FUR and SPR were (2.0µg/mL-22.0 µg/mL) and (3.0µg/mL-30.0 µg/mL), respectively. Specificity of the proposed spectrophotometric methods was examined by analyzing the prepared mixtures in laboratory and was applied successfully for pharmaceutical dosage form analysis which have the cited drugs without additives contribution. The proposed spectrophotometric methods were also validated as per as the guidelines of ICH. Statistical comparison was performed between the obtained results with those from the official methods of the cited drugs, using one-way ANOVA, F-test and student t-test. The results are exhibiting insignificant difference concerning precision and accuracy

An update on oral drug delivery

Orally administered drug entities have to survive the harsh gastrointestinal environment, penetrate the enteric epithelia and circumvent hepatic metabolism before reaching the systemic circulation. Whereas the gastrointestinal stability can be well maintained by taking proper measures, hepatic metabolism presents as a formidable barrier to drugs suffering from first-pass metabolism. The pharmaceutical academia and industries are seeking alternative pathways for drug transport to circumvent problems associated with the portal pathway. Intestinal lymphatic transport is emerging as a promising pathway to this end. In this review, we intend to provide an updated overview on the rationale, strategies, factors and applications involved in intestinal lymphatic transport. There are mainly two pathways for peroral lymphatic transport-the chylomicron and the microfold cell pathways. The underlying mechanisms are being unraveled gradually and nowadays witness increasing research input and applications.

Repeated administration of low-dose aconitine remodels mitochondrial energy metabolism pattern of human iPSCs-CM / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of low dose aconitine on the metabolism of hiPSCs-CM. Methods After 100 nmol · L

Perinatal outcome associated with oligohydramnios at term

Background: Oligohydramnios is a severe and common complication of pregnancy and its incidence is reported to be around 1 to 5% of total pregnancies. The aim of this study was to perinatal outcome of oligohydramnios (AFI <5) at term.Methods: A prospective study was conducted in which 200 patients at term with oligohydramnios AFI <5 cm with intact membranes were analyzed for perinatal outcome.Results: There were increased chances of FHR decelerations, thick meconium, increased LSCS, low Apgar score at 5 minutes, birth weight <2.5 kg, admission to NICU in pregnancy with oligohydramnios.Conclusions: An amniotic fluid index (AFI) of <5 cm detected after 37 completed weeks of gestation is an indicator of poor perinatal outcome. Determination of AFI can be used as an adjunct to other fetal surveillance methods that helps to identify those infants at risk of poor perinatal outcome.

Clinical And Cytogenetic Study Of Turner Syndrome And Its Variants

62 cases of Turner syndrome (T.S) were clinically diagnosed and sent to cytogenetic laboratory for confirmationof the diagnosis through karyotyping from 2012 to 2018. Out of 62 cases, 43 turned out to be T.S & its variants.Most commonly observed karyotype was 45,X (62.79%), followed by 45,X/ 46,XX (23.25%), 45,X/ 46,Xi (6.97%)mosaicism, 4.65% of 46,Xi & 2.32% of a very rare type of variant of T.S i,e 45,X/ 46,XY.Patients with 45,X karyotype had typical features of T.S such as short stature (< 5feet or 150cms), delayedappearance of secondary sexual characters & dysmorphic facies, the main complaint of these patients wasprimary amenorrhoea. Patients were younger at diagnosis & had a significant shorter mean adult height thanthose with 45,X/ 46,XX mosaicism. Those with mosaicism had mild dysmorphic features & presented withprimary or secondary amenorrhoea. The rarest type of T.S (45,X/ 45,XY) was presented in a new born withambiguous genitalia (suspected for CAH).Short stature with sexual infantilism & primary or secondary amenorrhoea in a young female should suggest thepossibility of Turner syndrome, which should be confirmed by chromosome analysis.

Comparison of dopamine D2 receptor (homology model and X-ray structure) and virtual screening protocol validation for the antagonism mechanism

The present research work aims to compare the homology model and recent X-ray crystal structure of dopamineD2 receptor (PDB Code: 6CM4) as well as to validate the virtual screening protocol for antagonist compounds. Thecomparison involved the sequence similarity and the capability of both proteins to produce similar risperidone bindingpose with co-crystal structure based on ChemPLP score and Tanimoto Coefficient score generated by PLANTS andPyplif. Homology model failed to give the correct binding pose as the root mean square deviation fell to >2Å evenwith similar sequence and folding. Therefore, 6CM4 should be used for virtual screening instead of the homologymodel. The virtual screening protocol validation of 6CM4 was performed by PLANTS followed by Pyplif filtering.The protocol was able to give EF1% value of 6.238, which was better than the EF1% value of protein dopamine D3receptor that shared >80% similarity with dopamine D2 receptor. Similarity between the docking pose and the actualpose is considered important to obtain better predictivity

Giant ureteral calculus :- case report

Giant ureteral calculus is a rare disease. It remains one of the few special situations where classical treatment of ureterolithotomy is done. We present a case of a 33-year-old female who presented with left flank pain radiating to groin. Investigations revealed two giant ureteral stones measuring 8 cm and 2cm. She was submitted to open surgery. There were no postoperative complications and the patient was discharged from hospital after 4 days. An IVU done 6 months after intervention showed adequate drainage of contrast in bilateral kidneys. This technical procedure could be performed by means of laparoscopy and be even less aggressive.

Utilization of digital technology in fabricating mandibular implant overdenture for skeletal class II edentulous patient: A case report / 대한치과보철학회지

Unlike class I patients, skeletal class II patients have unstable occlusion thus leading to instability of mandibular complete denture. Therefore, mandibular implant overdenture has been the standard of care due to its advantages in stability and retention. The types of attachments can be divided into two categories: solitary and bar type. The indications vary between two categories. In this clinical report, digital technology was utilized from the implant planning to the choice of appropriate attachment. Implants were placed at the desired location as previously planned in terms of angle and depth. Maxillary removable partial denture and mandibular implant overdenture are expected to have fair prognosis.

Endodontic Management of a Mature Mandibular First Permanent Molar That Survived for 20 Years after Complete Pulpotomy: A Case Report

@#Complete pulpotomy as a treatment option for caries exposure in mature permanent teeth with complete root formation still remains controversial due to lack of evidence on the long-term success. This article highlights a rare complete pulpotomy case done on a mature permanent tooth that survived for 20 years. A 34-year-old female presented with dull spontaneous pain on her right mandibular first molar and showed positive response to both cold test and electrical pulp test. The tooth was previously restored with tooth coloured restoration at the disto-occlusal surface and pre-operative periapical radiograph revealed large radiopacity covering the entire pulp chamber with calcified canals. The tooth was diagnosed as previously initiated therapy with symptomatic apical periodontitis. Endodontic treatment was initiated. All canals were located and corrected working length achieved followed by cleaning and shaping using HyFlex CM rotary files with copious irrigation of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution. Intracanal medication (non-setting calcium hydroxide) was placed and the tooth was restored with temporary restoration. After two weeks, obturation was done using single cone technique with EndoRez sealer. Universal composite resin was placed as permanent restoration and follow-up was done after one month and three months respectively without symptoms and evidence of periapical lesion. This minimally invasive pulpotomy procedure may be an alternative treatment option for mature permanent teeth whenever carious exposure to the pulp occurs.

Glans-preserving surgery for superficial penile squamous cell carcinoma ≥2 cm in diameter / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the feasibility of glans-preserving surgery (GPS) in the treatment of superficial penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) with the lesion diameter of ≥2 cm.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 69 cases of superficial PSCC (≤T1aN0) treated by GPS (n = 36) or radical surgery (total or partial penectomy, n = 33) from July 2007 to July 2017.@*RESULTS@#The mean tumor diameter and depth of invasion were 3.16 (2.0－6.0) cm and 0.89 (0.5－2.0) cm in the GPS group and 3.56 (2.0－6.0) cm and 1.89 (0.6－4.0) cm respectively in the radical surgery group. The patients were followed up for 10－102 (mean 42) months, during which, 5 patients in the GPS group developed local recurrence at 40 days and 2, 4, 7 and 9 months postoperatively, again underwent gansectomy, partial penectomy or GPS, and experienced no more recurrence during the follow-up of 54, 34, 39, 66 and 70 months. No local recurrence was observed in the radical surgery group, and none of the 69 patients experienced lymph node metastasis or died during the follow-up.@*CONCLUSIONS@#GPS is safe and efficient for the treatment of superficial PSCC with the lesion diameter of ≥2 cm.

Reversal of premature ventricular complexes induced cardiomyopathy. Influence of concomitant structural heart disease

Background We examined the effect of radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) on left ventricle (LV) function recovery in patients with LV dysfunction, regardless the presence of structural heart disease (SHD). Methods Seventy seven patients with impaired LV ejection fraction (EF) (37.1 ± 9.4), suspected to have PVCs cardiomyopathy (PVC-CM) (>10% PVCs burden), referred for RF ablation were enrolled, and divided into 2 groups according to the presence of SHD. SHD was ruled out by echocardiography, coronary angiography or MRI. CARTO 3 mapping system was used employing activation mapping in the majority of cases. Initial success was defined as complete elimination or residual PVCs ≤ 10 beats/30 min. Long term success was defined as reduction in PVCs burden >80% on follow-up holter. Echocardiography was done after 6 months. Improvement of EF >5% was considered significant. Results Forty two (55.8%) cases had SHD. PVCs burden was 28.4 ± 9.8%. EF improved to 48.6 ± 10.3. Initial success, overall success, post procedural PVCs burden and EF were comparable in both groups. EF improved in 47(75%) of successful cases with no significant differences between both groups. Post-MI Patients were the least category to improve. PVCs burden before and after ablation were the independent predictors of LVEF recovery by multivariate analysis. Cutoff values of >18%, <8% had 100% sensitivity and 85%, 87% specificity, respectively. Conclusions PVCs elimination by RF ablation results in significant improvement even restoration of LV function regardless of PVC origin, or the presence of concomitant SHD. PVCs burden before and after ablation are the main predictors of LVEF recovery.

Feasibility of CM-Dil labeling bone-marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate feasibility of CM-Dil labeling mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.Methods We separate,culture and identify rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,after labeling MSCs with CM-Dil concentration respectively in 1,2,4μg/mL,observe label rate of MSCs after 15 min,24 h,48 h,72 h,5 passage and 8 passage,then detect cell cycle with FCM and cell proliferation capability with CCK8.Results MSC cultured with the whole bone marrow adherent method were strongly positive for CD44,CD29 and negative for CD34,CD45.The label rates of MSC 15 min after labeled with CM-Dil 1,2,4 μg/mL were respectively (31.60±1.25)％,(88.73±1.79)％,(96.89±1.31)％,and there has statistically difference (F=1 757.21,P=0.000);the growth curve of the 4 groups was similar,and the percentages of G1 phase,S phase and G2/M phase between the 4 groups have no statistically difference (P＞0.05).Conclusion CM-Dil in concentration 4 μg/mL has high label rate and low cytotoxicity,therefore could be a efficient and stable method of labeling MSCs.

Retreatment of fractured implant overdenture due to long-term maintenance failure / 대한치과보철학회지

Periodontal and prosthodontic maintenance of implant overdenture is a very important factor for the long term success of the prosthesis and implants. Failure of maintenance can lead to prosthetic failure due to peri-implant bone loss and fracture and wear of the prosthesis or components. In this case, the existing gold milled bars were reconstructed with cobalt chrome milled bar in a manner that does not interfere with the external shape for the retreatment of fractured implant overdenture by maintenance failure. Two implants of mandible were selected strategically and the CM LOC attachments were connected to the two implants, and implant overdentures were fabricated. As a result, prosthesis with a functional and esthetic design that facilitates good hygiene management of the patient was delivered, which is advantageous for long term maintenance, and regular check-ups were scheduled for proper maintenance.

Coding errors of cataract surgeries: analysis and discussions / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To study the problems encountered in the coding of cataract surgeries. Methods Medical record statistical system was used to retrieve 213 such patients discharged from a hospital between January and June 2016. ICD-9-CM-3 coding principle was called into play to analyze the form completion and coding of major surgeries, along with errors found in them. Results Study of the 213 medical records identified 12 errors of surgery form completion from the surgeons′medical record homepages, accounting for 5. 6% of all. With reference to ICD-9-CM-3, 188 errors were found from the surgical coding made by encoders, accounting for 88. 3% of all. 10 copies were missing with surgery coding, accounting for 4. 7%. 13 coding errors were found in major surgical choices, accounting for 6. 1%. Conclusions Failure of the encoders in their command of coding rules for cataract surgery tops the rest as the main reason for the error of surgical coding. Encoders should make effective use of the ICD-9-CM-3 manual, and master both clinical knowledge, professional skill and coding ability.

Roles of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 in cancerand its clinical application / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#[摘 要] 蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶5（protein arginine methyltransferase 5，PRMT5）是一种Ⅱ型蛋白质精氨酸甲基转移酶，在胃 癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、肺癌和乳腺癌等多种肿瘤中异常表达。异常表达的PRMT5通过调节细胞周期蛋白、 PI3K细胞信号通路等途 径影响肿瘤细胞，通过对相关肿瘤抑制基因的调控进而影响肿瘤的发生和发展。本文围绕近年来肿瘤中PRMT5的最新研究进 展，包括对雄激素受体、免疫细胞、 E2F-1-Bcl-2途径、PTEN和P16等的作用及其机制，并结合目前相关抑制剂的研究，讨论如何在 未来临床治疗中靶向PRMT5达到治疗肿瘤的目的。

The prognostic and influence factors analysis of transanal local resection for stage T1rectal cancer with the distance from anal margin ≤8 cm / 实用肿瘤学杂志

Objective The objective of this was to investipate study the prognostic and influence factors in patients with transanal local resection for stage T1rectal cancer with the distance from anal margin≤8 cm. Methods A fotal of patients with 180 rectal cancer of stage T1with the distance from anal margin≤8 cm from March 2010 to March 2014 were Retrospective analysed,and there were 90 cases received the local resection of rectal cancer as the observation group and 90 patients with the T1stage who under-went radical resection of rectal cancer as the control group. The postoperative recovery effects were compared between the abservation and control groups. The rates of 3-year overall survival and progression-free survival were recorded. The prognostic influence factors of rectal cancer patients at the stage T1with the distance from the anal margin ≤8 cm after transanal local resection were analyzed. Results The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative anal exhaust time,postoperative hospitalization stay and postoper-ative complications were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group(P<0. 05). There were no signifi-cant difference in overall survival and progression free survival between the two groups(χ2= 0. 896,0. 358;P=0. 344,0. 550). Logis-tic multivariate analysis showed that age,degree of differentiation and cutting edge properties were independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with rectal cancer who were≤8 cm from the anal margin(P<0. 05). Conclusion Transanal local resection for patients with rectal cancer T1stage from distance to anal margin can achieve similar prognostic benefits as radical surgery,and it can promote early recovery after surgery. Age,tumor differentiation and marginal properties are independent factors,which affected the prognosis of the patients undergoing surgery.