ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Fundamento: la colonoscopia permite la visualización endoscópica del colon para el diagnóstico de enfermedades del mismo y el íleon terminal. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la realización de la colonoscopía en pacientes pediátricos en el Instituto de Gastroenterología de la provincia La Habana. Métodos: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo en pacientes pediátricos que se hicieron colonoscopia en el Instituto de Gastroenterología, entre 2007 y 2016. Resultados: la indicación más frecuente de la colonoscopia fue la enterorragia, relacionada con la presencia de pólipos, que junto a la hiperplasia linfoide, fueron más frecuentes en el sexo masculino y en grupo de edad de nueve a 18 años. La coincidencia entre diagnóstico endoscópico e histológico para los pólipos fue alta no fue así para la hiperplasia linfoide y la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. La tasa de intubación cecal y el índice de complicaciones coincidieron con lo reportado en la literatura. Conclusiones: las indicaciones de la colonoscopia y hallazgos endoscópicos, coinciden con los reportes de otros estudios. Los diagnósticos endoscópicos más frecuentes fueron pólipos y colitis inespecífica. La mayoría de los diagnósticos endoscópicos fueron más frecuentes en el sexo masculino y entre nueve y 18 años. Hubo concordancia diagnóstica entre endoscopia e histología en pólipos, no así en enfermedades inflamatorias e hiperplasia linfoide. Los indicadores de calidad evaluados se comportaron según los estándares establecidos.
ABSTRACT Background: colonoscopy allows endoscopic visualization of the colon for the diagnosis of disease and terminal ileum. Objective: to describe the results of the colonoscopy in pediatric patients at the Institute of Gastroenterology of Havana. Methods: a retrospective, descriptive study was performed in pediatric patients who underwent colonoscopy at the Institute of Gastroenterology, between 2007 and 2016. Results: the most frequent indication for colonoscopy was rectal bleeding, related to the presence of polyps, which together with lymphoid hyperplasia, were more frequent in males and in the 9 to 18 age group. The coincidence between endoscopic and histological diagnosis for the polyps was high, as it was not so for lymphoid hyperplasia and inflammatory bowel disease. The rate of cecal intubation and the complication rate coincided with that reported in the literature. Conclusions: the indications for colonoscopy and endoscopic findings coincide with reports from other studies. The most frequent endoscopic diagnoses were polyps and unspecific colitis. The majority of endoscopic diagnoses were more frequent in males and between 9 and 18 years. There was a diagnostic agreement between endoscopy and histology in polyps, but not in inflammatory diseases and lymphoid hyperplasia. The quality indicators evaluated behaved according to established standards.
ABSTRACT
ContextAge has been considered an independent risk factor for colonoscopy complications, especially when associated with multimorbidity.ObjectivesThe primary objective was to verify the relationships between age, multimorbidity and colonoscopy complications in the elderly.MethodsA retrospective cohort including patients of 60 years or older who had undergone a colonoscopy. Data relating to age, multimorbidities according to the cumulative illness scale for geriatrics and the Charlson index and complications related to bowel preparation and procedure (sedation and exam) were collected.ResultsOf the 207 patients (mean age 70.47 ± 7.04) with appropriate indication for colonoscopy according to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 43 (20.77%) patients had some colonoscopy complications: 1 (0.48%) with the sedation (apnea), 4 (1.93%) with the procedure (abdominal pain and bacteremia) and 38 (18.35%) with the bowel preparation (acute renal failure, hypotension). Individuals ≥80 years had an RR = 3.4 (1.2-10.1),P = 0.025, and those with a Charlson index 3 had an RR = 5.2 (1.6-16.8), P = 0.006, for complications. The cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics was not associated with complications (P = 0.45).ConclusionThere was a significant risk of complications in ≥80 years and in the group with a Charlson index 3. The cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics was not a good predictor of risk in this sample.
ContextoA idade tem sido considerada um fator de risco independente para complicações colonoscópicas, especialmente na presença de multimorbidade.ObjetivosO objetivo primário foi verificar a correlação entre idade, multimorbidade e complicações colonoscópicas em idosos.MétodosCoorte retrospectiva de pacientes com 60 anos ou mais submetidos a colonoscopia. Foram coletados idade, multimorbidade (de acordo com os índices cumulative illness scale for geriatrics e Charlson) e complicações relacionadas ao preparo e procedimento (sedação e exame).ResultadoDos 207 pacientes (idade média 70.47 ± 7.04) com indicação apropriada para colonoscopia segundo a Sociedade Americana de Endoscopia Gastrointestinal, 43 (20.77%) tiveram alguma complicação: 1 (0.48%) com complicação pela sedação (apneia), 4 (1.93%) relacionada ao procedimento (dor abdominal e bacteremia) e 38 (18.35%) pelo preparo (insuficiência renal aguda, hipotensão). Pacientes ≥80 anos tiveram RR = 3.4 (1.2-10.1), P= 0.025, para complicações e aqueles com índice de Charlson 3, um RR = 5.2 (1.6-16.8), P= 0.006. Cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics, não mostrou associação com complicações (P = 0.45).ConclusãoHouve risco significativo de complicação em muito idosos (≥80 years) e no grupo com índice de Charlson 3. Cumulative illness rating scale for geriatrics não se mostrou um bom preditor de risco nesta amostra.