Association of Skeletal and Dental Maturity Indicators with the Onset of Menarche and Its Applicability for Growth Modification of Jaw Bases in Females Aged between 7 and 14 Years

Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning for skeletal problems in growing children must involve growth prediction. Apart from the knowledge of chronological, dental and skeletal age of a growing patient, it is also mandatory to predict growth and its outcome during the treatment. In females, onset of menarche is a sign of pubertal growth and a biological skeletal maturity indicator. Studies have shown that there is an association amongst skeletal and dental maturity indicators. This study was therefore designed to estimate association between skeletal- and dental-maturity indicators and onset of menarche in females and evaluate its applicability for growth modification in females.METHODS140 female patients were divided into 7 groups and each patient was asked about their menarcheal status. Radiographs such as orthopantomography, lateral cephalogram and middle phalanx of third finger were taken from each patient to assess the CVMI status, stages of dental calcification and MP3 stages.RESULTSThe correlation between onset of menarche, CVMI status, stages of dental calcification and MP3 stages is of high statistical significance (p-0.0001).CONCLUSIONSThere are strong correlations between all the parameters studied which signifies that assessment of skeletal maturation with any of the above methods studied, gives exact growth maturation age of the patient.

Digital radiograph of the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3) region as a tool for skeletal maturity assessment.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability of the digital radiograph of the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3) in skeletal maturity assessment Study Design: Fifty children (24 girls and 26 boys) belonging to the circumpubertal age-group were selected for the study. Two radiographs - lateral cephalogram and digital radiograph of the MP3 region - were taken in each child. Age assessment was based on the changes in shape of the cervical vertebrae and the epiphysis of the middle phalanx of the third finger of the left hand. The radiographs were assessed by three examiners. The inter- and intraexaminer variability were determined by the Wilcoxon rank sign test and the Kruskal-Wallis test and were found to be nonsignificant. Examiner 3 showed the best intraexaminer agreement and was selected to evaluate the radiographs for the entire study. Results: The correlation determined between the MP3 stages and cervical vertebrae maturity index (CVMI) stages, the peak-wise distribution of the MP3 stages, and the correlation between the MP3 stages and the chronological age were found to be highly significant. Conclusions: Digital radiograph of the MP3 region is definitely a simple, reliable, cost-effective, and time-saving technique for the assessment of skeletal maturity.

A comparison study of the effects of hypertrophied adenoid tissue on jaws morphology / 대한치과교정학회지

To investigate the association between the hypertrophy of adenoid and jaw morphology during growth, this paper was based on children patients with experimental adenoids (male-15 subjects at each bone age group, female-15 subjects at each bone group) and comparing them to data taken from a control group (male-15 subjects at each bone age group, female-15 subjects at each bone group) with normal respiratory function. The comparisons between the groups were done at each growth stage using cervical vertebrae maturation index(CVMI) of Hassel. The obtained results were as follows: 1. The differences in craniofacial morphology between experimental group and control group were appeared from CVMI 3 and CVMI 4 (aroud adolescent period) in males, and from CVMI 1 in females. 2. The mandibular position of experimental group was more inferior than control group. The difference appeared at adolescent period(male: at CVMI 4, female: at CVMI 5). 3. Experimental group had greater anterior facial height than control group. This difference seemed a relation with lower anterior facial height. The difference appears at CVMI 3(11.94+/-1.38 years old, at adolescent period) in male and at CVMI 1 in female. 4. The adenoid size of control male group was increased until CVMI 2(10.58+/-1.07 years old, just before adolescent growth peak) and then decreased, but in female the adenoid size was decreased from CVMI 1(6.92+/-0.53 years old).

The effects of maxillary protraction in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion of different skeletal maturation groups / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To investigate hard tissue changes produced by maxillary protraction in patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion at different bone age,and to determine the relationship between the effect of maxillary protraction and bone age.Methods:75 subjects of skeletal Class III malocclusion with retruded maxilla were treated by maxillary protraction and rapid maxillary expansion for 6 months.Cephalometric radiographs were taken before and after treatment.The bone age of individual patients was assessed using cephalometric radiographs at the initiation of treatment on the basis of cervical vertebrace maturation indicators(CVMI).Patients were divided into three groups:Prepubertal growth peak group (CVMI Ⅰ-Ⅱ,8.2-11.3 years old), pubertal growth peak group (CVMI Ⅲ,10.2-12.3 yeasr old), and postpubertal growth peak group (CVMI Ⅳ-Ⅵ,11.5-14.5 years old).Results:(1)There was no difference in the maxillary advancement after maxillary protraction between the prepubertal growth peak and the pubertal growth peak groups;(2) in the postpubertal growth peak group, there was a decrease in maxillary skeletal advancement, whereas the dentoalveolar advancement was increased; (3) the posteroinferior rotation of mandible, the increase of lower facial height, and the eruption of maxillary molars showed no correlation with bone age.Conclusion:The importance of performing a biologic evaluation of bone age in the diagnosis and treatment planning of skeletal Class III malocclusions in individual patients must be emphasized.