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1.
Rev. peru. biol. (Impr.) ; 24(1)ene. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508797

ABSTRACT

A partir de la evaluación de la morfología floral, la fenología reproductiva, la biología floral, los visitantes florales y determinación de polinizadores se describe la estrategia de polinización de una población de la palma Syagrus smithii de la Amazonia colombiana. Syagrus smithii es una palma solitaria de hasta 10 m de alto; produjo de una a tres inflorescencias bisexuales, con flores estaminadas y pistiladas agrupadas en tríadas, con una flor central femenina y dos laterales masculinas. Las inflorescencias abrieron de día y las flores estuvieron activas de noche. Una inflorescencia permaneció activa en promedio 28 días; la fase masculina se extendió durante los primeros 14 días, seguida de una fase inactiva de 10 días, y la fase final pistilada por cuatro días. En fase masculina, las inflorescencias fueron visitadas por 37 y en fase femenina por 21 especies de insectos, principalmente de los órdenes Coleoptera‚ Hymenoptera y Diptera. Los visitantes accedieron en busca de polen y lugar para reproducción. De todos los visitantes‚ pocas especies fueron polinizadores. Los valores de los índices (IVIP) e (IRP) indicaron que Mystrops sp. nov. 2 y Mystrops sp nov. 3 (Nitidulidae: Coleoptera) fueron los principales polinizadores, mientras que especies de coleópteros como Microstates sp.2 y Sibinia sp. 1 fueron polinizadores secundarios. Dado que los polinizadores desarrollaban sus ciclos de vida en las inflorescencias‚ sugerimos la existencia de un sistema de mutua dependencia entre polinizadores y la palma, el cual asegura la presencia de los polinizadores a lo largo del año y palmas con semillas viables


From the evaluation floral morphology, reproductive phenology, floral biology, floral visitors and pollinators definition, the reproduction strategy of a Syagrus smithii (Arecaeae) in a Colombian Amazonia region was described. Syagrus smithii palms grow up to 10 m high and produce one to three bisexual inflorescences. The bisexual inflorescences bear staminate and pistillate flowers arranged in triads with a female central flower and two male sides. The inflorescences are protandric and open during daytime, remaining active for 28 days. The male phase extends for the first 14 days, which are followed by 10 days of an inactive phase; the pistillate phase lasts up to four days. The inflorescences of S. smithii were visited by 37 species of insects belonging to the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Diptera. All visitors get to the flowers in searching of abundant pollen, floral tissues that feed them and as sites of reproduction. The most effective pollinators of S. smithii were Mystrops sp nov. 2 and Mystrops sp nov. 3 (Nitudiladae: Coleoptera), and Microstates sp.2 and Sibinia sp. 1 (Curculionidae: Coleoptera) were secondary pollinators. Since all species of major pollinators have developed their life cycles into inflorescences, we suggest the existence of a specialized system and mutual dependence between pollinators and the palm, which ensures the presence of pollinators throughout the year and individuals with viable seeds

2.
Acta amaz ; 23(4)1993.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1454516

ABSTRACT

A study was made in Manaus. Amazonas of the floral biology of Mauritia flexuosa. Several species of insects visit Mauritia flexuosa.The plant has a cantharophylous pollination syndrome, and Nitidulidae, Curculionidae and Cucujidae are considered to be their possible pollinators, attracted through the odor of their flowers. Mauritia flexuosais a dioecious species and allogamy is obligatory, since apomixis does not occure. Mauritia flexuosais a specie of great importance to the Amazonian population and their fruits have the highest level of "pro-vitamin A" found in the nature.


Foi estudada a biologia floral de Mauritia flexuosaem Manaus, Amazonas. Mauritia flexuosa é visitada por diversas espécies de insetos. Trata-se de uma espécie cantarófila, sendo seus possíveis polinizadores os coleópteros pertencentes às famílias Nitidulidae, Curculionidae e Cucujidae, que são atraídos pelo aroma de suas flores. Sendo uma espécie dioica, o sistema de reprodução empregado por Mauritia flexuosaé obrigatoriamente a xenogamia, visto que apomixia não ocorreu nesta espécie. Mauritia flexuosaé uma espécie de grande importância para as populações da Amazônia, sendo a planta que apresenta em seus frutos, a maior taxa de pró-vitamina A encontrada na natureza.

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