ABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el desempeño productivo y desarrollo ruminal de cabritos Saanen alimentados con alfalfa y/o grano (Alf, Alf + Gr, Gr) y faenados a distintas edades (50, 60 y 70 dÃas). Se evaluó: ganancia diaria de peso vivo (GDPV), peso a faena (PF), peso de la canal caliente (PCC), rendimiento a faena (RF), peso de los estómagos y el largo de las pailas (LP). El diseño fue DCA con arreglo factorial y para la comparación de medias se utilizó LSD (p=0,05). Los animales fueron asignados al azar dentro de los tratamientos: Alf 50 (n=3), Alf 60 (n=4), Alf 70 (n=3), Gr 50 (n=3), Gr 60 (n=4), Gr 70 (n=3), Alf+Gr 50 (n=3), Alf+Gr 60 (n=4), Alf+Gr 70 (n=3). Los datos fueron analizados mediante ANOVA de Infostat 2018. No se detectó interacción entre dieta y edad de faena para ninguno de los parámetros. En cuanto a la dieta, los animales que consumieron Alf y Alf + Gr presentaron mayores GDPV (p= 0,0022). El PF fue superior para el grupo Alf+Gr respecto al Gr (p=0,0352). Similar fue lo relevado para el PCC (p=0,0298). El RF fue mayor para el grupo Gr respecto a las otras dietas (p <0,0001). La edad a faena impactó en el PF y PCC resultando superior en los animales faenados con 70 dÃas, (p= 0,0002 y p= 0,0008 respectivamente), mientras que aquellos sacrificados a los 50 dÃas presentaron el mayor RF (p=0,0413). El peso del rumen fue superior para el grupo 70 vs. 50 y 60 dÃas (p=0,0410). El LP fue similar para todos los tratamientos. Se puede concluir que para las condiciones del presente ensayo tanto la dieta suministrada como la edad a faena afectaron el desempeño productivo de los animales.
The aim of this work was to evaluate performance and ruminal development of dairy kids fed with different diets (alfalfa and / or grains: Alf, Alf + Gr, Gr) and slaughtered at different ages (50, 60 and 70 days of life). Parameters evaluated were: daily live weight gain (GDPV), slaughter weight (PF), hot carcass weight (PCC), slaughter yield (RF), stomach weight and ruminal papillae length (LP). Animals were assigned by random in the treatments: Alf 50 (n=3), Alf 60 (n=4), Alf 70 (n=3), Gr 50 (n=3), Gr 60 (n=4), Gr 70 (n=3), Alf+Gr 50 (n=3), Alf+Gr 60 (n=4), Alf+Gr 70 (n=3). Data were analyzed with linear mixed model according to a repeated measures design by ANOVA of Infostat 2018 program. Means multiple comparisons were evaluated by LSD-Fisher test (P = 0.05). No interaction was detected for diet and slaughter age. Regarding diet, animals that consumed Alf and Alf + Gr presented higher GDPV (p = 0.0022). FP and PCC were higher for Alf + Gr than for Gr group (p = 0.0352 and p = 0.0298). RF was higher for the Gr group than for the others (p <0.0001). Age at slaughter affected PF and PCC, animals with 70 days had the highest values (p= 0.0002 and p= 0,0008). 50 days old kids had the maximum RF (p=0.0413). Rumen weight was higher for group 70 compared with groups 60 and 50 (p=0.0410). LP was similar for all treatments. It is possible to conclude that diet and age affected the productive performance of animals.
ABSTRACT
Objetivou-se avaliar as características de carcaça e carne de novilhos Aberdeen Angus castrados cirurgicamente em duas idades ou imunocastrados com dois protocolos. Foram utilizados 48 bezerros, monitorados a partir do nascimento e desmamados, com idade e peso médio inicial de seis meses e de 160±16,54kg, respectivamente. Os animais foram distribuídos aleatoriamente nos seguintes tratamentos: castração cirúrgica ao nascer; castração cirúrgica ao desmame; imunocastração com três doses da vacina Bopriva® e imunocastração com quatro doses da vacina Bopriva®. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente ao acaso. Novilhos imunocastrados com três doses apresentaram maior quebra ao resfriamento e menor espessura de gordura ajustada para 100kg de carcaça fria que castrados cirurgicamente ao nascer (P<0,05). A imunocastração com três doses proporcionou incremento na participação de músculo, em relação às castrações cirúrgicas, mas reduziu a gordura em relação à castração cirúrgica ao nascimento (P<0,05). A relação músculo:osso foi superior nos imunocastrados com três doses em relação a castrados cirurgicamente no desmame (P<0,05). Apesar de variações na participação tecidual na carcaça, a castração imunológica mostrou-se viável em substituição à castração cirúrgica, não alterando os padrões qualitativos da carne.(AU)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the carcass and meat characteristics of Aberdeen Angus steers surgically castrated at two ages or immunocastrated with two protocols. Forty-eight calves we used, monitored from birth and weaned, with age and initial mean weight of six months and 160±16.54kg, respectively. The animals were randomly assigned to the following treatments: surgical castration at birth; surgical castration at weaning; immunocastration with three doses of the Bopriva ® vaccine and immunocastration with four doses of the Bopriva ® vaccine. The experimental design was completely randomized. Immunocastrated steers with three doses had a greater cooling break and lower fat thickness adjusted for 100kg of cold carcass than surgically castrated at birth (P< 0.05). Immunocastration with three doses provided an increase in muscle participation in relation to surgical castration but reduced fat in relation to surgical castration at birth (P< 0.05). The muscle:bone ratio was higher in the immunocastrated with three doses compared to surgically castrated at weaning (P< 0.05). Despite variations in tissue involvement in the carcass, the immunological castration proved to be viable to replace surgical castration, not changing the quality of the meat standards.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Cattle , Orchiectomy/methods , Orchiectomy/veterinary , Meat/analysisABSTRACT
This study investigated the effects of LactoPlanta(R) (Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), 2.0 x 10(9) colony forming units (CFU)/kg) on reduction of noxious gas emission in pig houses as well as improvement of carcass weight and quality in finishing pigs. A total of 850 finishing pigs were assigned to four treatment groups: control (CON, basal diet) (n=190), LP-0.1, 0.1% LactoPlanta(R) (n=210), LP-0.2, 0.2% LactoPlanta(R) (n=230), and LP-0.4, 0.4% LactoPlanta(R) (n=220). Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations were significantly reduced in all treatment groups compared to CON. Mercaptan contents and carcass weights of LP-0.2 and LP-0.4 were significantly decreased compared to CON, whereas there were no significant differences between LP-0.1 and CON. Carcass weight of LP-0.1 was slightly higher than that of CON, but there was no significant difference. However, carcass weights of LP-0.2 and LP-0.4 were significantly higher than that of CON (P<0.05). The prevalence of grade A carcasses in groups administered with L. plantarum (46.7~63.3%) was higher than that in CON (43.3%) and increased in a dose-dependent manner. Based on the results of this study, L. plantarum could be an effective candidate to reduce noxious gas emissions in finishing pig houses as well as improve carcass weight and quality in finishing pigs.
Subject(s)
Ammonia , Hydrogen Sulfide , Lactobacillus plantarum , Prevalence , Stem Cells , Swine , Weights and MeasuresABSTRACT
O trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar a resposta das características objetivas e subjetivas das carcaças e dos não componentes da carcaça de cordeiros desmamados precocemente e terminados em pasto de azevém anual ao fornecimento crescente de suplemento concentrado (sem suplementação; 0,9%; 1,8% do peso corporal e ad libitum) na dieta. Os cordeiros foram abatidos ao atingirem 32kg de peso corporal e medidas corporais foram tomadas antes do abate. Após o abate, registraram-se os pesos da carcaça quente, do conteúdo digestivo e dos não-componentes da carcaça. As carcaças permaneceram por 24 horas em câmara fria a 5°C, obtendo-se o peso da carcaça fria. Obtiveram-se os rendimentos e as medidas objetivas e subjetivas das carcaças e, por cálculos, as compacidades de perna e carcaça. Os dados foram submetidos às análises de regressão e de correlação simples. A suplementação concentrada apresentou efeito linear positivo (P<0,05) sobre pesos e rendimentos de carcaça quente e fria, compacidade de perna e de carcaça, estado de engorduramento e conformação das carcaças. A oferta crescente de suplementação concentrada aos cordeiros jovens desmamados e terminados em pasto de azevém promoveu a obtenção de carcaças maiores e com rendimento superior, com melhor conformação e estado de engorduramento, podendo resultar em melhores oportunidades de comercialização e de preços pagos ao produtor.
The study was performed to evaluate the subjective and objective measurements of the carcasses and non-carcasses components of weaned lambs grazing on Italian ryegrass pasture fed with different levels of concentrate supplementation (without supplementation, 0,9%, 1,8% of body weight and ad libitum). Lambs were slaughtered at 32kg of live weight. After slaughtering, hot carcass, digestive content and weight of non-carcass components were recorded. Weight of cold carcasses was assessed after the refrigeration for 24h at 5°C. Weight, yield and carcasses measurements were taken and then the leg and carcass compactness were calculated. Data were subjected to regression and simple correlation analysis. The concentrate supplementation levels had a positive linear effect on the weights and yields of hot and cold carcass and leg and carcasses compactness. Supplementation of weaned lambs grazing on annual ryegrass enabled to get carcasses of better conformation and fat covering. These effects may result in better price opportunities and marketing for farmers.