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@#Introduction: Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis caused by Propionibacterium acnes. Clinicians are constantly attempting to discover the best antibiotic regimes in treating acne vulgaris. This study compares two regimens in terms of efficacy, tolerability, compliance and recurrence rate to make recommendation on which is the best regime. Methods: An open-labelled prospective randomized investigator-blinded interventional study was carried on moderate acne vulgaris patients. Patients were assigned to treatment arm at enrolment followed by follow-up and maintenance visits. Demographic data were collected at enrolment and questionnaire enquiring acne condition, general health and quality of life impairment were filled at every visit followed by blinded dermatologist assessment. Antibiotic tablets were provided based on assigned arm until follow-up 3. Results: 26 mild acne vulgaris patients aged 17 to 29 years were recruited. Physician assessment based on GAGS and photo assessment analysis showed an overall significant change (p<0.05) with decreasing trend indicating that the treatment is statistically effective. However, no significant differences (p>0.05) were found between regimens. Similarly, patient self-perceived assessment and CADI assessment also showed overall significant changes (p<0.05) with increasing trend indicating improvement in acne condition but no significant differences (p<0.05) between regimens. Conclusion: Neither regimen were significantly more efficacious than another. In view of cost, oral azithromycin 500mg daily for consecutive 4 days monthly is suggested as a better option.
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Background: The objective was to study quality-of-life in patients of acne vulgaris before and after treatment by benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and clindamycin 1% gel or benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and nadifloxacin 1% cream or tretinoin 0.025% and clindamycin 1% gel. Methods: This was a prospective, open, randomized, parallel comparative study of 60 patients of acne vulgaris attending the Department of Dermatology and Venereal Diseases, Government Medical College, Rajindra Hospital, Patiala. Three groups were made 20 in each group, one group received benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and clindamycin 1% gel, the second group received benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel, and nadifloxacin 1% cream and the third group received tretinoin 0.025% and clindamycin 1% gel. Cardiff acne disability index questionnaire was filled before starting and after the treatment. Results: In these three groups, it was found that the group on benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and clindamycin 1% gel, mean score, before starting treatment was 8.35±3.48 and after treatment was 2.95±2.09 (p<0.001), group on benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and nadifloxacin 1% cream, mean score, before starting treatment was 7.60±3.75 and after treatment was 5.80±2.98 (p<0.001) and group on tretinoin 0.025% and clindamycin 1% gel mean score is 8.00±3.06 and after treatment was 5.40±2.93 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Quality-of-life improves more in patients taking benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and clindamycin 1% gel, and then, tretinoin 0.025% and clindamycin 1% gel and then benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel and nadifloxacin 1% cream.
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Aims: To create a normative data for lea grating (LG) in the Indian population and to compare LG with Cardiff Acuity Card (CAC). Settings and Design: Normative Data was acquired from normal children between 6 months-3 years coming to the ‘Immunisation Clinic’ and ‘Well-Baby Clinic’ at a Civil Hospital. To compare LG with CAC, normal and amblyopic children between 6 months-3 years were evaluated, Materials and Methods: Monocular and binocular visual acuity (VA) was measured using LG and then CAC. VA and time taken to perform the test were compared. Statistical Analysis Used: Pearson's Correlation Coefficient to compare VA and Student paired t-test (significance P<0.005) to compare time. Results: Two standard deviations of VA of 100 normal children overlapped with that published by Lea. Of the 30 amblyopic children aged 18.32 ± 10.5 months (2-36), 18 were females. VA was 0.95 ± 0.3 logMAR (0.7–1.2) and 1.0 ± 0.6 logMAR (0.5–2.1) binocularly and 1.32 ± 0.08 logMAR (0.2-0.6) and 1.15 ± 0.15 logMAR (0.88-1.48) monocularly on CAC and LG respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.98 and 0.63 for binocular and monocular assessment respectively. Time taken to perform LG monocularly and binocularly was significantly less (P<0.001) than CAC. Conclusion: Normative data acquired in Indian pre-verbal children is similar to that published by Lea. Though VA by CAC is better than LG, the two tests are comparable.
Subject(s)
Amblyopia/diagnosis , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , India , Language Development , Male , Vision Tests/methods , Visual Acuity/physiologyABSTRACT
Background: Acne is a common problem in adolescent children and has a considerable impact on their quality of life. Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Serbian adolescents with acne, using 2 questionnaires: The Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) and the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) and to provide a cross validation of 2 scales. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among the pupils of the secondary railway-technical school in Belgrade, Serbia. 478 pupils (aged 15 - 18 years) completed 2 HRQoL questionnaires: CDLQI and CADI. We used t-test for differences between mean values of CDLQI and CADI and Spearman's rho coefficient for correlation between 2 questionnaires. Results: Self-reported acne was present in 71.6% of pupils (64.3% boys and 35.7% girls). The overall mean CDLQI score (4.35 of max. 30) and the overall mean CADI score (3.57 of max. 15) were low, indicating a mild impairment of HRQoL among adolescants. There was good correlation between the 2 questionnaires (Spearman' rho = 0.66). Conclusion: The CADI and the CDLQI questionnaires represent simple and reliable instruments for the assesment of HRQoL among schoolchildren with acne. In this study, we identified 17% of boys and 18% of girls perceived their acne as a major problem. It is important to detect and treat such adolescents on time to reduce the psychosocial burden associated with acne.
ABSTRACT
La medición de la agudeza visual en niños representa un importante reto para el optómetra por ser laboriosa y requerir conocimiento y paciencia. Según el estímulo, la agudeza visual puede dividirse en tres tipos: de detección, de resolución y de reconocimiento. Los valores de estas pueden ser diferentes y se alteran en diferente proporción en presencia de problemas visuales. El presente artículo hace una revisión de los tests de agudeza visual para niños, sobre los que se han realizado gran número de investigaciones en los últimos años: Teller, Cardiff, Lea, HOTV y las cartillas logMAR que podrían emplearse en el grupo de escolares.Conclusiones: las pruebas contempladas en esta revisión no son necesariamente las más utilizadoas en nuestra práctica clínica cotidiana; sin embargo, la actividad investigativa en torno a éstas ha aportado a la construcción de protocolos diagnósticos. El referente para una mejor práctica clínica debe ser la optometría basada en la evidencia, ya que ésta permite a los profesionales disponer de nuevos elementos de juicio objetivos, con fundamento científico, que contribuyan a la elección de la mejor alternativa para determinar la agudeza visual en los niños. El optómetra debe seguir rigurosamente los protocolos de evaluación de la agudeza visual para dar a sus mediciones mayor confiabilidad y analizar los resultados obtenidos dentro del contexto de la historia clínica. Los métodos para la evaluación de la agudeza visual pueden adaptarse de acuerdo con las habilidades, el conocimiento y la experiencia del niño que va a examinarse. Con esta revisión se evidencia la importancia de realizar estudios sobre la aplicación de estos tests en nuestro medio con el fin de evaluar su confiabilidad y utilidad en nuestros pacientes.
The visual acuity measurement in children is an important Challenger for the optometrist, given de complexity of the task and to require knowledge and patience. According to the stimulus, the visual acuity can be divided in three types: detection, resolution and recognition. The values of these can be different and they are altered in different proportion in the presence of visual problems. The present article makes an overhaul of the test of the visual acuity for children which years have generated great number of investigations in the past years: Teller, Cardiff, Lea, HOTV and logMAR charts that could be used in the school age group.Conclusions: The tests reviewed are not necessarily used commonly used our clinical daily practice, nevertheless the investigative activity concerning these has reached in the construction of diagnostic protocols. The reference for a better clinical practice must be the optometry based on the evidence, since this one allows to the professionals to have new facts that contribute to the election of the best alternative to determine the visual acuity in the children. The optometrist a must follow rigorously the protocols of evaluation of the visual acuity to give to measurements major reliability and to analyze the results obtained inside the context of the history. The methods for the evaluation of the visual acuity can be adapted in agreement with the skills, knowledge and experience of the child being examinated. There is evident the importance of realizing studies on the application of these test in order to evaluate their reliability and utility in our patients