ABSTRACT
O teste cardiopulmonar de exercício (TCPE) é utilizado para aplicações clínicas na avaliação da intolerância ao exercício não diagnosticada e na determinação da capacidade funcional. O TCPE é importante na pesquisa clínica em pacientes com apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS), com a necessidade de mensuração da capacidade funcional e limitações físicas. O objetivo foi identificar o protocolo e ergometro mais utilizado em pacientes com AOS, se o protocolo reflete no nível de capacidade funcional e avaliar o comportamento do consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico). Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada de 2005 a 2017. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados Pub-Med, LILACS, Medline e PEDro. Dos 25 estudos analisados a amostra total foi de 1124 pacientes. Os estudos que analisaram o VO2pico somaram 583 pacientes. O protocolo de rampa foi o mais utilizado, a escolha deve ser individual, considerando as características e limitações da população estudada.
Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPET) is used for clinical applications in assessing intolerance to undiagnosed exercise and in determining functional capacity. CPET is important in clinical research in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), with the need to measure functional capacity and physical limitations. The objective was to identify the protocol and ergometer most used in patients with OSA if the protocol reflects on the functional capacity level and to evaluate the behavior of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). It is a systematic review carried out from 2005 to 2017. The search was performed in Pub-Med, LILACS, Medline and PEDro databases. The 25 studies analyzed the total sample was 1124 patients. The studies that analyzed VO2peak totaled 583 patients. The ramp protocol was the most used, the choice must be individual, considering the characteristics and limitations of the study population.
ABSTRACT
In order to comprehensively evaluate the human body's functions of breathing, heart function and circulation metabolism under controlled conditions to diagnose respiratory and cardiac functions, a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) system was developed. The system is divided into two parts:hardware and software. The hardware part includes measurement of six life information monitoring signals such as 12-lead ECG, respiratory mechanics, blood pressure, blood oxygen, carbon dioxide and oxygen. The software part realizes waveform display, storage and playback, et al. The experimental results show that the system is safe and reliable which provides reliable measurement parameters for evaluating human respiratory, cardiac function, circulation, metabolism and other functions. It has a good application prospect.
Subject(s)
Humans , Electrocardiography , Exercise Test , Heart , Heart Rate , OxygenABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Aging leads to low functional capacity and this can be reversed by safe and adequate exercise prescription. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the anaerobic threshold (AT) obtained from the V-slope method as well as visual inspection of oxyhemoglobin ( O2Hb) and deoxyhemoglobin (HHb) curves and compare findings with the heteroscedastic (HS) method applied to carbon dioxide production ( CO2), heart rate (HR), and HHb data in healthy elderly men. A secondary aim was to assess the degree of agreement between methods for AT determination. METHOD: Fourteen healthy men (61.4±6.3 years) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) on a cycle ergometer until physical exhaustion. Biological signals collected during CPX included: ventilatory and metabolic variables; spectroscopy quasi-infrared rays - NIRS; and HR through a cardio-frequency meter. RESULTS: We observed temporal equivalence and similar values of power (W), absolute oxygen consumption (O2 - mL/min), relative O2 ( mL.Kg - 1.min -1), and HR at AT by the detection methods performed. In addition, by the Bland-Altman plot, HR confirmed good agreement between the methods with biases between -1.3 and 3.5 beats per minute. CONCLUSIONS: (i) all detection methods were sensitive in identifying AT, including the HS applied to HR and (ii) the methods showed a good correlation in the identification of AT. Thus, these results support HR as valid and readily available parameter in determining AT in healthy elderly men. .
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anaerobic Threshold/physiology , Heart Rate/physiology , Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared , Respiratory Function TestsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cardiopulmonary exercise test is a useful test for the evaluation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Obese subjects have an increased resting metabolic rate (VO2) compared to non-obese subjects and the increase is more marked during dynamic exercise, which results in the limitation of maximal exercise in obese subjects. In this study, the influence of the obesity and fat distribution on the maximal exercise capacity were evaluated. METHODS: Maximal exercise capacity was represented by maximam maximum oxygen uptake and VO2 max in the cardiopulmonary test. Obesity, total fat content and abdominal obesity(waist to hip ratio, WHR) were measured by bioelectrical impedence method. Total of 42 volunteers(male 22, female 20) were evaluated. RESULTS: 1) Weight to height ratio(mean±SD) was 110%±14.9% in men and 100±11.1% in women. 2) Fat ratio(mean±SD) was 23.3±5.2% in men and 27.55±3.9% in woman. 3) Waist to hip ratio(mean±SD) was 0.85±0.04 in men and 0.8±0.03 in woman. 4) In men, VO2max/min/Kg was negatively correlate with obesity, fat ratio, and abdominal fat distribution. 5) In woman, VO2max/Kg was negatively correlated with obesity and fat ratio, but did not show significant relationship with abdominal fat distribution. CONCLUSION: Obesity was a limiting factor for maximal exercise in both men and women. Abdominal obesity was a limiting factor for maximal exercise in men but its implication to women needs further evaluation.