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ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise can enhance the body's ability to adapt to the external environment and improve the contractility of the heart. At the same time, it can help improve blood circulation and increase lung capacity. Objective: This article explores the critical role of sports in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Methods: This article conducts tests on related physiological indicators such as hemodynamic rheology for students who regularly participate in physical exercise and those who do not participate in physical exercise. Results: Students who exercise regularly and those who do not exercise mobilize faster cardiovascular function at the beginning of work. This shows good adaptability to sports. Conclusion: The use of fitness exercise prescription by students who exercise comprehensively has the most pronounced effect on improving vascular function. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
RESUMO Introdução: O exercício físico pode aumentar a capacidade do corpo de se adaptar ao meio ambiente e melhorar a contratilidade do coração. Ao mesmo tempo, pode reestabelecer a circulação sanguínea e aumentar a capacidade pulmonar. Objetivo: Este artigo explora o papel fundamental do esporte na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares. Métodos: Este estudo conduziu testes em indicadores fisiológicos relacionados, tais como a reologia hemodinâmica em estudantes que regularmente praticam exercício físico e aqueles que não praticam exercício físico. Resultados: Estudantes que praticam exercícios regularmente e aqueles que não o fazem mobilizam uma função cardíaca mais rápida no início do treino, o que demonstra boa adaptabilidade ao esporte. Conclusão: A prescrição de exercícios de preparo físico para estudantes que se exercitam de forma completa tem o efeito mais pronunciado na função vascular. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação de resultados de tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción: El ejercicio físico puede aumentar la capacidad del cuerpo de adaptarse al medio ambiente y mejorar la contractilidad del corazón. Al mismo tiempo, puede restablecer la circulación sanguínea y aumentar la capacidad pulmonaria. Objetivo: Este artículo explora el papel fundamental del deporte en la prevención de enfermedades cardiovasculares. Métodos: Este estudio condujo pruebas en indicadores fisiológicos relacionados, como la reología hemodinámica, en estudiantes que regularmente practican ejercicio físico y los que no lo practican. Resultados: Estudiantes que practican ejercicios regularmente y los que no lo hacen movilizan una función cardíaca más rápida al principio del entrenamiento, lo que demuestra buena adaptabilidad al deporte. Conclusión: La prescripción de ejercicios de preparación física para estudiantes que se ejercitan de forma completa tiene el efecto más pronunciado en la función vascular. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de resultados de tratamiento.
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Objective:To explore the effects of functional electrical stimulation (FES)-assisted rehabilitation cycling on motor function, cardiopulmonary fitness and activities of daily living in patients with subacute stroke. Methods:From January, 2016 to April, 2019, 60 patients with first-onset stroke at subacute stage were divided into control group (n = 30) and experimental group (n = 30). The experimental group and the control group received cycling training with or without FES based on the routine treatment for four weeks. They were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and modified Barthel Index (MBI), and measured peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) before and after treatment. Results:The scores of FMA and MBI, and VO2peak increased in both groups after treatment (|t| > 7.889, P < 0.001), and the scores of FMA and VO2peak increased more in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 3.332, P < 0.01). Conclusion:FES-assisted rehabilitation cycling could promote the recovery of motor function, cardiopulmonary fitness and activities of daily living in subacute stroke patients.
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Background: Obesity is associated with various physiological changes which decrease the cardiovascular fitness and flexibility and slows person activity. Core muscles strengthening improve respiratory efficiency and activity of the diaphragm. Hence this study aimed to examine effect of core strengthening on cardiovascular fitness and flexibility in obese individuals. Methods: Experimental study of 6 weeks was carried out among 16 people who were selected by purposive sampling there was 1 drop out. Subjects between 18-25 years, male & female with BMI ?25 kg/m2-35 kg/m2 were selected. Pre reading were taken by measuring Queen's college step test, Modified sit and reach test, Shoulder and arm flexibility test which were recorded at week 1st, week 3rd and of the same at 6th week. Core strengthening exercise were given targeting 5 regions upper & middle abs, oblique, transverses, lower abs were progressed every 2 weeks by increasing repetition and difficulty level e.g., unstable surface (Swiss ball). Results: A significant improvement was found in readings of VO2max (Queen's College step test), modified sit and reach test, shoulder & wrist flexibility test (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The study showed positive result with (p<0.05) which suggests that core strengthening improves cardiovascular fitness and flexibility in obese individuals.
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Objetivo: determinar factores asociados a la potencia anaeróbica y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria en escolares de 12 a 17 años de Medellín-Colombia. Método: estudio transversal con escolares, a quienes se les realizaron mediciones sociodemográficas (sexo, edad, grado de escolaridad), antropométricas (peso, talla, circunferencia de cintura y de cadera, sobrepeso, obesidad abdominal), y de condición física (potencia anaeróbica, índice de fatiga y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria). Resultados: las variables antropométricas y sociodemográficas influyen en la condición física. Padecer sobrepeso, obesidad abdominal y ser mujer, fueron factores que se asociaron con un menor desarrollo en las pruebas de potencia anaeróbica y con la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. La mediana de generación de watts de potencia por kilogramo en una persona con obesidad abdominal fue de 4, comparado con 6,9 en alguien sin esta condición. La potencia anaeróbica se correlaciona con la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. Conclusiones: se logró identificar que sí hay asociación entre la potencia anaeróbica y algunas variables antropométricas y sociodemográficas.
Objective: To determine associated factors with anaerobic power and cardiorespiratory fitness in schoolchildren aged 12 to 17 years old in Medellín, Colombia. Methods: Cross-sectional study with schoolchildren, who underwent to sociodemographic (sex, age, level of education), anthropometric (weight, height, waist and hip circumference, overweight, abdominal obesity), and physical condition (anaerobic power, fatigue and cardiorespiratory fitness) measurements. Results: Anthropometric and sociodemographic variables influence the physical fitness. Being overweight, abdominal obesity and being a woman were factors associated with lesser development in anaerobic power tests and cardiorespiratory fitness. Median of watts of power per kilogram in a person with abdominal obesity was 4, compared to 6.9 in someone without this condition. Anaerobic power correlates with cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions: It was possible to identify that there is an association between anaerobic power and some anthropometric and sociodemographic variables.
Objetivo: determinar os fatores associados à potência anaeróbia e à capacidade cardiorrespiratória em escolares de 12 a 17 anos de Medellín-Colômbia. Métodos: estudo transversal em escolares em que foram desenvolvidas medições sociodemográficas (sexo, idade, grau de escolaridade), antropométricas (peso, estatura, circunferência da cintura e quadril, sobrepeso, obesidade abdominal) e de condição física (Potência anaeróbia, taxa de fadiga e capacidade cardiorrespiratória). Resultados: as variáveis antropométricas e sociodemográficas influenciam a condição física. O sobrepeso, a obesidade abdominal e ser mulher foram fatores que se associaram com menor desenvolvimento nos testes de potência anaeróbia e com a capacidade cardiorrespiratória. A geração mediana de watts de poder por quilograma em uma pessoa com obesidade abdominal era 4, comparada com o 6,9 em alguém sem esta circunstância. O poder anaeróbio se correlaciona com a capacidade cardiorrespiratória. Conclusões: identificou-se que se existe ligação entre potência anaeróbia e algumas variáveis antropométricas e sociodemográficas.
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Schools , Sports , Exercise , Cardiorespiratory Fitness , AnaerobiosisABSTRACT
Background: Cardiovascular fitness refers to the ability of circulatory system to supply oxygen to working muscles during sustained physical activity. Objectives: To determine the cardiovascular fitness (using predicted VO2 max) among young healthy medical students in the age group of 17-19 years. Materials and methods: On the basis of physical activity performed subject were categorized into 3 category light, moderate, vigorous exerciser. Cardiovascular fitness was assessed by using treadmill exercise as per Bruce protocol. Results: Data were analyzed using the paired t-test.Conclusion.it was observed in the study that vigorous exerciser had better cardiovascular fitness than moderate and light exerciser. Conclusion: Students who had more physical activity were having better cardiovascular fitness. Hence, it is suggested that some physical activity should be mandatory in the curriculum of medical education which would help us to maintain cardiovascular fitness and reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the long run of their careers.
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Objetivo: Evaluar si el ejercicio interválico cercano al máximo de intensidad en una población de fitness similar y del mismo sexo es más efectivo que el continuo de menor intensidad para mejorar la capacidad aerobia. Metodología: Se seleccionaron diez mujeres sanas entre 18 y 25 años, habitantes habituales de la ciudad de Bogotá (2600 msnm), quienes firmaron el consentimiento informado, y se dividieron al azar en dos grupos de cinco participantes cada uno. Fueron sometidas a dos tipos tradicionales de entrenamiento de diez semanas de duración, tres veces/semana, de una hora de duración cada día. El grupo de entrenamiento continuo (grupo 1) tenía una intensidad del 60% del VO2pico y el de entrenamiento interválico (grupo 2) trabajó cinco sesiones de diez minutos de ejercicio al 70% del VO2pico y noventa segundos de recuperación entre cada sesión. Resultados: Se pudo evidenciar que, aunque las medias de la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) de las participantes del entrenamiento interválico durante las sesiones de ejercicio siempre estuvieron por encima de las de entrenamiento continuo, esta diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa. De igual manera, la FC basal y la de recuperación así como el VO2pico no tuvieron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. La media de las presiones arterial sistólica y diastólica así como la frecuencia respiratoria (FR) siempre fueron superiores en el entrenamiento interválico, estas diferencias sí fueron significativas. Conclusiones: Se pudo concluir que no hay una diferencia significativa del fitness cardiovascular entre mujeres jóvenes sedentarias luego de diez semanas de dos tipos tradicionales de entrenamiento aerobio, uno al 60% continuo y otro al 70% interválico.
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate if the intervallic exercise near to the maximum of intensity in a similar fitness population and in women is more effective to improve aerobic capacity than the continuous one of smaller intensity. In order to do it, ten healthy women between 18 and 25 years habitual inhabitants of Bogotá city (located at 2600masl) were selected. They signed the informed consent and were divided randomly in two groups of five participants. They were undergoing to two traditional types of training of ten weeks, three times per week, one hour of duration every day. The continuous training group (Group 1) had a VO2peak intensity of 60%; for his part, the intervallic training group (Group 2) had five sessions of ten minutes of exercise at 70% of VO2peak and 90 seconds of recovery between each session. It was possible to demonstrate that, although the Cardiac Frequency (CF) average of group 2 participants during the exercise sessions were always over those of group 1, this difference was not statistically significant. In the same way, the basal CF and the recovery CF, as well as the VO2peak, did not have significant differences between both groups. The systolic and diastolic blood pressure average, as well as the Respiratory Frequency (FR) were always superior in group 2, and these differences were really significant. It was possible to conclude that there is not a significant difference in cardiovascular fitness between sedentary young women, after 10 weeks of two traditional types of aerobic training, one 60% continuous and other one 70% intervalic.
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Humans , Female , Adult , Exercise , Sedentary Behavior , Cardiorespiratory Fitness , Heart RateABSTRACT
Since average life expectancy has improved in the last century, the percentage of the elderly population has been gradually increased. The World Health Organization makes a statement that health is a state of not only the absence of disease, but also complete physical, mental or social well being. For this reason, exercise is broadly recommended for almost all the elderly. The benifits of exercise for the elderly include a significant reduction in risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, and a improvement of cardiovascular fitness, independency in activities associated with daily living, and the quality of life. This article gives an account of the benifits and considerations of regular exercise in the elderly, and critically reviews the literature on proper intensity, duration, frequency, and type of exercise at both aerobic/endurance training and strength/resistance training prescribed in older adults.