ABSTRACT
【Objective】 To find and identify the cause of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD). 【Methods】 We reviewed the bone slices of the KBD autopsy cases preserved in our institute, and observed the leukocyte lesions in peripheral blood smears of KBD children under a light microscope and ultrastructural lesions of leukocytes in KBD children under an electron microscope. We also observed the damages in cultured chondrocytes induced by plasma of children with KBD in an experiment. 【Results】 From the chondrocytes, bone marrow blood cells in KBD autopsy cases and leukocytes of KBD children, the entire pathological process in all the three type cells showed the same specific coagulation necrosis: the nucleus was enlarged; eosinophilic red inclusion bodies in varying sizes appeared in the nucleus, which were accompanied by dissolution and decrease of nuclear chromatin. If the lesion continued to deteriorate and progress, the entire nucleus would transform into a large red mass, and then subsequent series of changes of the inclusion bodies occurred; the cell body shrank and the cytoplasm was stained red. The cultured chondrocytes had replicated a cytopathic model equivalent to specific chondrocyte necrosis in the autopsy cases of KBD, and the viral nucleocapsids were detected in the nuclei of the cultured chondrocytes, with outcomes induced by plasma of the KBD children in the experiment. The same viral nucleocapsids as previously mentioned were also found in the nuclei of the white blood cells of the children with KBD. In the bone marrows of the autopsy cases, hyperemia, edema, fibrin exudation, focal necrosis of hematopoietic matrix and trabecular bone, and fibrosis all appeared. 【Conclusion】 The inclusion body formations were showed in the nuclei of necrotic chondrocytes, bone marrow blood cells of KBD autopsy cases, and in the nuclei of leukocytes in peripheral blood smears of KBD children. The inclusion body formation is the most well-known pathomorphological result of the viral cytocidal infection. Especially important is the positive results of cultured chondrocytes induced by plasma of KBD children in the experiment. What caused the necrosis of the three types of cells in KBD seems to be the twice-detected virus nucleocapsids, suggesting that this virus may have been the cause of KBD. There was an acute osteomyelitis with infectious delayed hypersensitivity in the bone marrows of the autopsy cases of KBD. KBD is a systemic infectious disease caused by the virus. All lesions in the cartilage, bone marrow, and blood are only parts of the systemic lesions.
ABSTRACT
Meniscal ossicle of the knee, an ossified tissue formed within the meniscus, is rare in humans. We experienced a case of a 48-year-old male with no history of trauma, who presented with intermittent locking symptoms and knee pain upon standing. The patient was diagnosed with meniscal ossicle and cartilage lesion in the medial femoral condyle accompanied by a medial meniscus posterior horn radial tear and treated with arthroscopic resection and microfracture. Therefore, we report on this case with relevant literature.
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cartilage , Horns , Knee , Menisci, Tibial , TearsABSTRACT
Transplantation of engineering cartilage is a better choice for the treatment of articular cartilage lesions.Constructing engineering cartilage needs seeded cells and scaffold materials.The property of scaffold materials has a great influence on the biomechanical features of engineering cartilage.A variety of materials can be used for constructing engineering cartilaginous framework.Exploring the research development of scaffold materials and comparing the effects of their clinical applications is of great significance for further improvement of biomechanical characteristics of the engineering cartilage.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: The cartilage lesions of routine MRI (no cartilage-specific image sequences) compared with those of arthroscopy for detecting how much we can predict. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We made a retrospective study of 53 patients with cartilage lesions of medial femoral condyle in the knee arthroscopy from Nov. 2003 to Jan. 2006. We analyzed the extent of agreement in cartilage lesions between arthroscopy and routine MRI using modified Outerbridge classification. RESULTS: All patients were categorized by modified Outerbridge Grade I~IV. In arthroscopy, 3, 4, 24, 22 cases were reported in each category: on routine MRI, 3, 10, 12, 23 cases were reported in each category and there were 5 normal cases. The sensitivity of cartilage lesions on MRI was high (90.6%), however, the agreement of those was low (K=0.24). We found 24 cases (45.2%) that MRI levels and arthroscopy levels were matched. We found 29 cases (54.7%) that those two levels were not matched. CONCLUSION: It is important to make a close inspection of chondral surfaces even in routine MRI. And cartilage lesions in routine MRI should be considered as those of higher grade in arthroscopy.