ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective To identify maternal factors associated with the presence of low birth weight in term neonates. Methods Matched hospital-based case-controlled study performed in a high complexity institution located in the city of Neiva, Colombia. The study included women with term gestation and singleton live fetuses. Patients with prior diseases, coming from other regions, with pregnancy resulting from assisted reproduction, or with a diagnosis of fetal abnormality or aneuploidy were excluded. Low birth weight was the dependent variable, and the independent variables that were analyzed were maternal sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Adjusted and non-adjusted odds ratios (aOR and OR) together with the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were reported. Results The study included 270 participants (90 cases and 180 controls). Controlling for maternal age, educational level, socioeconomic and civil status, social security and the presence of maternal disease during gestation, it was found that weight gain (aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.70-0.85) and the absence of prenatal care (aOR 8.20, 95% CI 3.22-20.87) were among the factors associated with low birth weight. Conclusions The absence of weight gain and of prenatal care are factors associated with the presence of low birth weight in term neonates and should be considered in clinical practice.
Resumo Objetivo Identificar fatores maternos associados à presença de baixo peso ao nascer em neonatos a termo. Métodos Estudo de caso-controle realizado emuma instituição de alta complexidade localizada na cidade de Neiva, Colômbia. O estudo incluiu mulheres com gestação a termo e fetos vivos únicos. Pacientes com doenças prévias, provenientes de outras regiões, com gravidez resultante de reprodução assistida, ou com diagnóstico de anormalidade fetal ou aneuploidia foramexcluídos. O baixo peso ao nascer foi a variável dependente, e as variáveis independentes analisadas foram as características sociodemográficas e clínicas maternas. Razões de chance ajustadas e não ajustadas (RCa e RC) juntamente com os intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC 95%) foram relatadas. Resultados O estudo incluiu 270 participantes (90 casos e 180 controles). Controlando a idade materna, nível escolar, socioeconômico e civil, segurança social e a presença de doença materna durante a gestação, constatou-se que ganho de peso (RCa 0,77, IC 95% 0,70-0,85) e ausência de pré-natal (RCa 8,20, IC 95% 3,22-20,87) estavam entre os fatores associados ao baixo peso ao nascer. Conclusão As ausências de ganho ponderal e de pré-natal são fatores associados à presença de baixo peso ao nascer em recém-nascidos a termo e devem ser considerados na prática clínica.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Pregnancy Complications , Prenatal Care , Socioeconomic Factors , Case-Control Studies , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Maternal Age , Gestational Weight Gain , Middle AgedABSTRACT
ObjectivesTo explore the characteristic of different subtypes of depression on prefrontal lobe and hippocampus by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS),and its relationship.Methods 46 patients of depression,which were met with the third edition of the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CC-MD-Ⅲ ) since December 2010 to March 2012 from Mental Diseases Prevention and Treatment Institute,were examined at prefrontal lobe and hippocampus by multi-voxel 1 H-MRS.They were divided into male ( n =25) and female ( n =21 ),early-onset subtype ( n =26) and late-onset subtype ( n =20 ),short-duration of illness ( n =23 )and long-duration of illness ( n =23 ) by different criteria.The N-acetylaspartate ( NAA),Choline-congtaining compounds (Cho),and Creatine compounds (Cr) were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr were determined.ResultsOn left prefrontal lobe,the NAA/Cr ratios in patients of male ( 1.83 ± 0.19),late-onset subtype (1.86 ±0.16),and short-duration of illness ( 1.83 ±0.17) showed higher than those in female ( 1.70 ±0.12,t=2.711,P ＜ 0.01 ),early-onset subtype ( 1.70 ± 0.19,t =3.028,P ＜ 0.01 ),and long-duration of illness ( 1.71±0.20,t =2.192,P＜0.05).Both on left prefrontal and on left thalamus,the ratios of NAA/Cr were positively correlated with the age of onset ( r=0.493 and 0.478,P＜0.01 ),and were negatively correlated with the duration of illness ( r =- 0.482 and - 0.470,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsDifferent subtypes of depression maybe have different characteristics of 1H-MRS due to the age of onset and the duration of illness.