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Objective:To construct a virtual simulation training platform for peripheral inserted central catheter (PICC) catheterization and discuss its application in clinical training.Methods:A total of 118 nurses who attended the PICC professional and technical advanced training courses in a province in 2020 and 2021 were enrolled in this study. In 2020, the training was conducted in the form of theoretical teaching combined with practical training ( n=51), and in 2021, virtual simulation platform was introduced as a supplement on the basis of the original training ( n=67). SPSS 23.0 was used for independent-samples t-test to compare the theoretical and operational assessment results of the two years and evaluate the application effect of the platform. Through the satisfaction survey and learning log, the nurses' experience of using the platform was understood. Results:The theoretical performance and the operational performance of nurses who participated in the training in 2021 were (96.56±3.17) and (94.06±2.16) respectively, and the operational performance was better than that of nurses who participated in the training in 2020 ( t=-11.37, P<0.001), and the difference in theoretical performance was not statistically significant ( t=0.17, P=0.853). In 2021, 63 nurses (94.0%) who used the virtual simulation platform believed that the platform could assist to improve the training effect; 61 nurses (91.0%) expected the application of virtual simulation technology in the teaching and training of other knowledges. Conclusion:As a new teaching form, virtual simulation technology can significantly improve the training effect and satisfaction, and provide reference for the development of relevant teaching and training.
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Objective:To analyze and compare the incidence of catheter related complications between midline catheter (MC) and peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) within 30 days. Provide guidance and basis for medical staff to choose appropriate intravenous infusion tools to prevent catheter related complications.Methods:The randomized controlled trials, clinical controlled trials and cohort studies about MC and PICC related complications were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, EBSCO, Ovid, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database and CBM, which were published at home and abroad up to December 31, 2021. After screening the literatures, extracting data and quality evaluation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, RevMan5.4 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:A total of ten articles were included in this study, including two randomized controlled trials, a clinical controlled trials, a prospective cohort study and six retrospective cohort studies, with 12 765 cases in MC group and 33 783 cases in PICC group. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the incidences of catheter-related bloodstream infection and catheter displacement in MC group were significantly lower than those in PICC group ( RR=0.37, 95% CI 0.18-0.76, P<0.05; RR=0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.97, P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with PICC in the early stage of intravenous infusion, MC is safer and more effective. When continuous infusion of isotonic or near-isotonic medications is required, and there is no need for continuous vesicant medications, MC can be preferred. However, more large-sample and high-quality studies are still needed to provide a basis for the popularization of MC in China.
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Objectives@#To determine the efficacy of low-dose heparin in preventing central catheter occlusion and its safety among neonates.@*Materials and Methods@#A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 42 neonates requiring peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) lines. The neonates were divided into two groups: low dose heparin (0.5 units/kg/hr =0.2 units/ml) and control group (0.5 units/ml). The efficacy outcomes were duration of catheter patency, completion of catheter use, and the presence of catheter occlusion or thrombosis. The safety outcomes include heparin complications.@*Results@#The study participants had a mean age of 17 days old at 35 weeks gestational age and mean weight of 1.97 kg. The participants given low dose heparin were 36% more likely to complete the use of central line and 12% less likely to develop catheter occlusion. Analyses showed non-statistically significant risk ratio of active bleeding, thrombocytopenia, and deranged prothrombin time in the low dose heparin group.@*Conclusion@#The use of low dose heparin (0.5 units/kg/hr = 0.2 units/ml) appears as effective as the control dose in completion of catheter use and prevention of catheter occlusion. There was also no significant difference in the adverse effects. Low dose heparin can be used as continuous infusion for preventing central line occlusion; however, it has no advantage in lowering the risk of complications.
Subject(s)
HemorrhageABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To compare the safety of high-dose methotrexate （HD-MTX） via peripherally inserted central catheter （PICC） and totally implantable venous access port （TIVAP） in pediatric patients with malignant brain tumors. METHODS Patients with malignant brain tumors who received HD-MTX via PICCs or TIVAPs in our hospital from July 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical data were collected to compare differences in blood concentration of methotrexate （MTX），the incidence of adverse events （including adverse drug reactions and catheter-related complications） and length of stay in hospital. Multivariate linear regression was applied to analyze the factors that influenced the blood concentration of MTX. RESULTS A total of 107 patients were included in the study，with 65 patients in the PICC group and 42 patients in the TIVAP group. Blood concentration of MTX at 24 h （C24 h） in TIVAP group was significantly higher than PICC group （[ 126.87±61.99） μmol/L vs. （102.45±48.77） μmol/L，P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in blood concentration of MTX at 42 h （C42 h），compared with PICC group （P＞0.05）. Results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that TIVAP was associated with the increase of C24 h（P＜0.05）. No significant differences were observed in the incidence of adverse events and the length of stay in the hospital between 2 groups （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Risk of adverse events is not increased，although the MTX C24 h level is elevated after administration of TIVAP. TIVAP is a safe choice for HD-MTX therapy with implementing therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Pediatric kidney transplant recipients differ from adult counterparts in primary disease, physiology, psychology, organ function and immune status and their perioperative treatment and nursing management are different from those of adult kidney transplantation. To standardize holistic perioperative nursing regimens for pediatric kidney transplantation, Surgery Nursing Committee of Shanghai Nursing Association organized national medical and nursing experts in the fields of transplantation to jointly draft "expert consensus on perioperative nursing standards for pediatric kidney transplantation " (abbreviated as "consensus"). After three rounds of online expert inquiry, all revised opinions were jointly discussed combined with literature evidence, and the expert consensus was finally reached. The highlights of perioperative treatment and nursing care for pediatric kidney transplantation were summarized and stated, including preoperative evaluation, preoperative and postoperative nursing care, which were of scientific and practical value.
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Objective: To identify the prevalence and risk factors for damage or removal of fully implanted long-term catheters from patients undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy. Methods: This is an observational, cross-sectional study that evaluated medical records of patients undergoing placement of a fully implanted catheter for antineoplastic chemotherapy from January 2015 to December 2019. Clinical and sociodemographic data were collected that were associated with catheter survival using Log-Rank Mantel-Cox and Cox Regression tests (SPSS, p<0.05). Results: Of 58 devices evaluated, most patients were higher educated married females, younger than 60 years old. The most frequent side of catheter implantation was the right side, and the most prevalent implantation site was the internal jugular vein. Less than 1/3 of patients (29.3%) had port-a-cath loss due to complications with a five-year follow-up survival of 35.73±3.76 (95% CI = 28.35-43.11). Two patients (4.7%) needed removal due to device exposure, three (7.0%) due to obstruction, and 12 (27.9%) due to infection. Female patients (p=0.019) and patients with breast tumors (p=0.049) had a shorter mean survival time. The women showed port-a-cath survival 9.25 times (95% CI = 1.35-50.25) shorter in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: port-a-cath catheter loss is around 30% and being female is a determining risk factor.
Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores de risco para danos ou retirada de cateter de longa permanência totalmente implantado em pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia antineoplásica. Metodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal que avaliou prontuários de pacientes submetidos à colocação de cateter totalmente implantado para quimioterapia antineoplásica, no período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2019. Foram coletados dados clínicos e sociodemográficos associados à sobrevida do cateter por meio do Log-Rank testes de Mantel-Cox e Regressão de Cox (SPSS, p<0,005). Resultados: Dos 58 dispositivos avaliados, a maioria dos pacientes era mulheres casadas com nivel superior de escolaridade e com idade inferior a 60 anos. O lado mais frequente de implantação do cateter foi o direito, e o local de implantação mais prevalente foi a veia jugular interna. Pouco menos de 1/3 dos pacientes (29,3%) tiveram perda de port-a-cath devido complicações com uma sobrevida de seguimento de cinco anos de 35,73±3.76 (IC 95% = 28.35-43.11). Dois pacientes (4,7%) necessitaram de remoção por exposição do dispositivo, três (7,0%) por obstrução e 12 (27,9%) por infecção. Pacientes do sexo feminino (p=0,0019) e pacientes com tumores de mama (p=0,049) apresentam menor tempo médio de sobrevida. As mulheres apresentaram sobrevida port-a-cath 9,25 vezes (IC 95%=1,35-50,25) menor na análise multivariada. Conclusão: A perda do cateter port-a-cath foi de aproximadamente 30% e ser do sexo feminino foi um fator de risco importante.
Subject(s)
Vascular Access Devices , Patients , Catheterization, Peripheral , Risk Factors , Catheters , Antineoplastic AgentsABSTRACT
Objective:To study the effect of heating skin disinfectant during peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) in preterm infants.Methods:Premature infants were retrospectively analyzed who received PICC catheterization during hospitalization in the Department of Neonatology of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from April 2020 to March 2021. They were divided into the control and heating groups according to different disinfection methods in two different periods. The skin of premature infants in the heating group was disinfected with disinfectant at 37℃, and the control group was disinfected with room temperature disinfectant. The rate of successful primary catheterization, operation duration, and catheter-associated infection were compared between the two groups.Results:The rate of successful primary catheterization in the heating group was higher than that of the control group [80.2% (65/81) vs. 66.7% (56/84)], and the operation time was shorter than that of the control group [(45.0±9.0) min vs. (48.4±11.9) min] ( P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in catheter keeping time, unplanned extubation rate, the rate of positive catheter tip cultures, and the blood cultures. Conclusions:During PICC puncture in premature infants, heating skin disinfectant can increase the success rate of one-time PICC catheterization, reduce the operation duration, and not increase the risk of catheter-associated infection.
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Peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC)-related upper extremity venous thrombosis (UEVT) is defined as upper extremity venous thrombosis within the veins where PICCs were placed or adjacent to and may result in pulmonary embolism. Malignancies, previous history of venous thrombosis and malposition are common risk factors for PICC-UEVT. Once patients demonstrate clinical manifestations of phlebitis and thrombosis, such as swelling, pain and tenderness at the PICC site, venous duplex ultrasonography is the first choice for diagnosing PICC-UEVT. According to American College of Chest Physicians guidelines, it's not recommended to remove PICCs upon detection of PICC-UEVT. The first-line treatment is to administer systemic anticoagulants while keeping the catheter in place, unless any contraindications. PICCs could continue to be used during anticoagulation therapy, suppose that catheter tip remains well placed and functions as normal. With early diagnosis and standard anticoagulant treatment, a better clinical outcome could be achieved. Prophylactic anticoagulation is not routinely recommended per guidelines. Recommendation for asymptomatic PICC-related thrombosis is still absent and warrants further prospective studies with large sample size.
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OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of moxibustion combined with plucking technique at Jiquan (HT 1) for preventing peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC)-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs of malignant tumor patients.@*METHODS@#A total of 80 malignant tumor patients undergoing PICC were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each one. In the control group, the routine care for PICC was exerted. In the observation group, besides the routine care, moxibustion combined with plucking technique at Jiquan (HT 1) was added. Mild moxibustion was exerted along the venous distribution of PICC (avoiding the entry site) for 10 to 15 min, and then, the circling moxibustion was applied to Quchi (LI 11), Xuehai (SP 10) and Tianfu (LU 3), 3 to 5 min at each acupoint. Finally, plucking technique was given at Jiquan (HT 1) for 5 to 10 min. This combined therapy was intervened since the 2nd day of PICC placement, once daily, 5 times a week, for 3 weeks totally. The incidence of the PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs was compared between the two groups on day 42 of placement. On day 2, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 of PICC placement, the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and the end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of the subclavicular vein on the placement side were observed separately in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#The incidence of the PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (2.5% [1/40] vs 17.5% [7/40], P<0.05). From day 7 to 35 of PICC placement, PSV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side was higher than that on the day 2 of PICC placement in the observation group (P<0.05). On day 28 and 42 of PICC placement, PSV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side was lower than that on the day 2 of PICC placement in the control group (P<0.05). In the observation group, EDV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side was higher than that on the day 2 of PICC placement from day 7 to 28 of PICC placement (P<0.05). In the control group, EDV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side from day 28 to 42 of PICC placement was lower than that on the day 2 of PICC placement (P<0.05). From day 7 to 42 of PICC placement, PSV and EDV of the subclavicular vein on the placement side in the observation group were all higher than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The combined treatment of moxibustion with plucking technique at Jiquan (HT 1) can effectively prevent PICC-related venous thrombosis in the upper limbs and improve venous blood flow velocity in malignant tumor patients.
Subject(s)
Humans , Catheterization, Central Venous/methods , Catheterization, Peripheral/adverse effects , Moxibustion/adverse effects , Neoplasms/complications , Upper Extremity , Venous Thrombosis/etiologyABSTRACT
Introdução: O uso do cateter central de inserção periférica na Neonatologia tem contribuídosignificativamente para reduzir a mortalidade neonatal nas Unidades de Terapia IntensivaNeonatais. Essa prática intravenosa segura favorece a estabilização hemodinâmica do recémnascido e possibilita a administração de drogas vesicantes, irritantes e de nutrição parenteral.O objetivo principal deste estudo foi de analisar o efeito da padronização das medidas deprevenção de infecção durante a inserção e o manuseio do cateter venoso central deinserção periférica pelo time de cateteres na incidência da Infecção da Catheter-RelatedBloodstream infection (CRBSI) em recém-nascidos na Unidade de Terapia IntensivaNeonatal. Metodologia: Esta tese está dividida em três estudos. 1) Protocolo de revisãosistemática, em que se aborda a prevalência de complicações associadas ao uso de PICCs emrecém-nascidos (RNs); 2) Coorte prospectiva, em que se avaliaram os fatores de risco para odesenvolvimento de infecção da corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter (CRBIS) emrecém-nascidos; 3) Coorte com análise retro e prospectiva, que analisou os efeitos dapadronização das medidas de prevenção de infecção adotadas pelo time de PICC sob onúmero de casos de CRBSI em neonatos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal.Resultados: No artigo 1, observou-se a prevalência de complicações decorrentes do manejoinadequado do PICC nos RNs, informação considerada importante para o aprimoramento daprática clínica. No artigo 2, verificou-se que a maioria da amostra foi composta de prematuros,com peso inadequado, distúrbios respiratórios e cardiopatia, mas não houve associação dessasvariáveis com a CRBSI. Neonatos com PICC nos membros superiores apresentaram maiorrisco de CRBSI (RR=2,84; IC95% 1,02-6,85). No artigo 3, analisaram-se 365 recémnascidos que usaram o PICC e que foram submetidos a 563 procedimentos de inserção decateteres, dos quais 69 apresentaram CRBSI, o que confere uma incidência de CRBSI de12,3%. Na análise das características relacionadas ao procedimento de inserção do PICC nosneonatos em função da notificação de CRBSI, as variáveis significativamente associadas àocorrência de CRBSI foram o vaso acessado (p=0,002) e a posição do cateter(p=0,005). Naanálise estatística das variáveis relacionadas à terapêutica infusional, observou-sesignificância estatística na associação entre a ocorrência da CRBSI e o uso de dois ATBdurante o primeiro esquema de antibioticoterapia, o qual apresentou o valor de p<0,05. 7Efeito da padronização das medidas de prevenção de infecção da corrente sanguíneaTambém se constatou que foram descritos oito grupos de patógenos envolvidos nos 69 casosde CRBSI - os mais comuns foram relacionados à CRBSI em recém-nascidos com PICC,como as Enterobactérias (5,2%), Staphylococcus coagulase negativa(3,4%) eStaphylococcus coagulase positiva (2,0%). Conclusão: O estudo indicou que os times decateteres são importantes nas unidades de terapia intensiva neonatais, sobretudo quandoadotam condutas baseadas em evidências científicas que fundamentam a sistematização doprocesso de trabalho para o devido monitoramento dos fatores de risco relacionados àincidência de CRBSI em RN, a vigilância durante realização do procedimento e a terapêuticainfusional. Contudo, o efeito da padronização das medidas de prevenção adotadas pelotime de cateteres na UTIN tem impactado a redução do desenvolvimento de infecção dacorrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter (AU).
Introduction: The use of peripherally inserted central catheter in neonatology hassignificantly contributed to the reduction of neonatal mortality in neonatal intensive care units.It is safe intravenous practice favors the hemodynamic stabilization of the newborn, allowsthe administration of vesicant drugs, irritants and parenteral nutrition. Therefore, this studyhas as main objective to analyze the effect of the standardization of infection preventionmeasures during the insertion and handling of the peripherally inserted central venouscatheter by the catheter team on the incidence of CRBSI in newborns in the NeonatalIntensive Care Unit. Methodology: The thesis is divided into three studies. 1) Systematicreview protocol, which addresses the prevalence of complications associated with the use ofPICCs in newborns (NBs); 2) prospective cohort that evaluated risk factors for thedevelopment of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBIS) in newborns; 3) cohort withretro and prospective analysis, which analyzed the effect of the standardization of infectionprevention measures adopted by the PICC team on the number of CRBSI cases in neonates inthe Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Results: in article 1 it was observed the prevalence ofcomplications resulting from inadequate management of the PICC in NBs, informationconsidered important for the improvement of clinical practice. In article 2, it was found thatthe majority of the sample was composed of premature infants, with inadequate weight,respiratory disorders and heart disease, but there was no association of these variables withthe CRBSI. Neonates with PICC in the upper limbs had a higher risk of CRBSI(RR=2.84;95%CI 1.02-6.85). At article 3 analyzed 365 newborns who used the PICC, who underwent563 catheter insertion procedures, of which 69 had CRBSI, giving an incidence of CRBSI of12.3%. In the analysis of the characteristics related to the PICC insertion procedure inneonates due to the CRBSI notification, the variables significantly associated with theoccurrence of CRBSI were the vessel accessed (p=0.002) and catheter position(p=0.005). Inthe statistical analysis of the variables related to infusion therapy, a statistical significance wasobserved in the association between the occurrence of CRBSI and the use of two ATBduring the first antibiotic therapy regimen, which presented a value of p<0.05. There wasalso a description of 8 groups of pathogens involved in the 69 cases of CRBSI, the most 9Efeito da padronização das medidas de prevenção de infecção da corrente sanguíneacommon pathogens related to CRBSI in newborns with PICC being Enterobacteriaceae(5.2%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (3.4%) and Coagulase positive Staphylococcus(2.0%). Conclusion: it was observed In the statistical analysis of the variables related toinfusion therapy, especially when they adopt procedures based on scientific evidence, whichunderlie thesystematization of the work process for the proper monitoring of risk factorsrelated to the incidence of CRBSI in newborns, surveillance during the procedure, andinfusion therapy. However, it is observed that effect of standardization of preventionmeasures adopted by the catheter team in the UTIN have had an impact on thereduction of development of cateter related bloodstream infection (AU).
Subject(s)
Infant, Premature , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Catheter-Related Infections , Intensive Care Units , Catheterization, Peripheral/instrumentation , Risk Factors , Data Interpretation, StatisticalABSTRACT
Objective:To explore a new method of ultrasound-guided positioning of the tip of neonatal peri-pherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Methods:Clinical data of 174 newborn infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital from January 2019 to April 2021 receiving PICC catheter intubated under the guidance of ultrasound for positioning the tip were retrospectively analyzed to explore the accuracy, reliability and feasibility of the improved ultrasound-guided positioning technique.Before lower extremity catheterization, ultrasound was performed to monitor the vascular pattern and catheterization of PICC was conducted under the guidance of ultrasound.Results:(1) Among 174 infants intubated with ultrasound-guided positioning of the PICC tip, 172(98.9%) of them had the ideal position, and 2(1.1%) did not achieve the ideal position, but achieved the ideal position after ultrasound-guided correction.(2) Lower extremity venous catheterization was successfully performed at 100.0% after ultrasound-guided monitoring of blood vessels.The time-consuming of lower extremity venous catheterization was significantly shorter than that of the previous method [(31.50±2.58) min vs.(56.10 ±5.30 min)]( t=46.84, P<0.001). The total success rate of catheterization and catheterization of lower limb vein increased by 7.0% and 17.5%, respectively.(3) Only 1 (0.57%) case reported the complication of catheter tip thrombosis, the complication rate of which decreased from the previous 79.00% to 2.70%(2/112 cases). Conclusions:The improved ultrasound-guided positioning of the PICC tip is convenient, simple, faster and accurate, which enhances the success rate and is worthy to be applied in clinical practice.
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Objective:To explore the application effect of time-sharing appointment in the peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) maintenance clinic.Methods:Patients with medical appointments within two months before and after the application of time-sharing appointment practice in the PICC maintenance clinic were selected. Patients with appointment before application were control group and took paper appointment sheet manually while those after application were study group and took time-sharing appointment. Waiting time, average number of patients waiting per pre-specified time period, patient satisfaction and nurse satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The median waiting time of the study group was 15 min, significantly shorter than that of the control group of 46 min ( P<0.01). The numbers of patients waiting in the waiting area for the study group remained relatively stable across each time period, showing low people density. In the contrast, numbers of patients waiting varied significantly for the control group and the peak of patient flow occurred in periods of 8∶00—10∶00 and 13∶30—14∶30. Patient satisfaction and nurse satisfaction of the study group were both significantly higher than those of the control group (4.99±0.05 vs. 2.15±0.17, P=0.009; 4.67±1.92 vs. 1.90±0.37, P<0.01, respectively). Conclusion:The application of time-sharing appointment in PICC maintenance clinics effectively reduces the waiting time for patients, achieves reasonable patient triage, improves the clinic environment, improves nurse and patient satisfaction, and improves the level of hospital management.
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OBJECTIVES@#To determine efficacy of continuous heparin infusion vs placebo on maintenance of peripherally inserted central catheter line among neonates admitted at the NICU.@*METHODS@#This is a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials reported in accordance with PRISMA checklist. Cochrane Risk-of-bias tool was used in assessment of reporting biases. Pooled risk ratios were estimated using random- or fixed-effects model.@*RESULTS@#Of 4519 studies identified, 4 studies were included, and all have low risk of bias. Meta-analysis showed that continuous heparin infusion on PICCs had significantly higher duration of catheter patency compared to the placebo group (MD=2.22, 95%CI=1.03-3.14, pvalue<0.00001). Heparin group also had decreased risk of occlusion (RR=0.47, 95%CI=0.94, pvalues=0.03) compared to control. The risk for other adverse events such as thrombosis, infection, IVH progression, and mortality was comparable between the two groups. @*CONCLUSION@#Continuous heparin infusion in PICC fluids can prolong duration of catheter patency by 2.2 days and reduce risk of catheter-related occlusion by 50%, without having significant effect on incidence of other adverse events.@*RECOMMENDATIONS@#Continuous heparin infusion on PICC fluids should be part of maintenance and care policy at the NICU, but precautions should be followed to prevent adverse outcomes. Systematic review of intermittent heparin flushing can be a window of opportunity.
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Objetivo: Analisar os fatores de risco que causam infecções nos cateteres, bem como permear a ação do profissional de enfermagem e sua efetividade no controle preventivo. Método: Tratase de pesquisa básica; descritiva e bibliográfica quanto aos procedimentos de coleta de dados. Resultados: Através das informações coletados dos mais de 40 artigos selecionados, se fez nítida a negligência de forma expressiva e acelerada nas punções em ambientes hospitalares e na assistência ofertada aos profissionais de enfermagem. Neste sentido com prevenção e promoção apropriada, seria possível promover de forma adequada à qualificação destes procedimentos, diminuindo os riscos de infecção no ambiente hospitalar. Conclusão: A utilização destes dispositivos, por vezes, torna-se imprescindível no tratamento por curtos ou longos período, entretanto os riscos da utilização destes equipamentos de forma imprudente ocasionam enfermidades persistentes e nocivas. Por isso a participação do enfermeiro se faz necessário como agente minimizador de riscos, tendo suma importância na manutenção da qualidade assistencial para o paciente, uma vez que esses profissionais precisam basear suas ações de cuidados em evidências científicas comprovadas.
Objective: To analyze the risk factors that cause catheter infections, as well as to permeate the action of nursing professionals and their effectiveness in preventive control. Method: This is a basic research; descriptive and bibliographic as to data collection procedures. Results: Through the information collected from more than 40 selected articles, it became clear the negligence in an expressive and accelerated way in punctures in hospital environments and in the assistance offered to nursing professionals. In this sense, with appropriate prevention and promotion, it would be possible to adequately promote the qualification of these procedures, reducing the risks of infection in the hospital environment. Conclusion: The use of these devices, sometimes, becomes indispensable in the treatment for short or long periods, however the risks of using this equipment in an imprudent way cause persistent and harmful diseases. Therefore, the nurse's participation is necessary as a risk minimizer agent, with paramount importance in maintaining quality care for the patient since these professionals need to base their care actions on proven scientific evidence.
Objetivo: Analizar los factores de riesgo que provocan cambios en los catéteres, así como permear la acción del profesional de enfermería y su efectividad en el control preventivo. Método: esta es una investigación básica; procedimientos de recogida de datos descriptivos y bibliográficos. Resultados: A través de la información recolectada de los más de 40 artículos seleccionados, se evidenció el descuido de la forma expresiva y acelerada de los pinchazos en los ambientes hospitalarios y en la atención brindada a los profesionales de enfermería. En este sentido, con una adecuada prevención y promoción, sería posible promover una forma adecuada para la calificación de estos procedimientos, reduciendo los riesgos de infección en el entorno hospitalario. Conclusión: El uso de estos dispositivos, en ocasiones, se vuelve imprescindible en el tratamiento por periodos cortos o largos, aunque los riesgos de utilizar este equipo de forma imprudente provocan enfermedades persistentes y nocivas. Por ello, la participación del enfermero es necesaria como agente minimizador de riesgos, teniendo una importancia primordial en el mantenimiento de la calidad de la atención al paciente, ya que estos profesionales necesitan sus acciones asistenciales en evidencia científica contrastada
Subject(s)
Catheters , Risk Factors , Infections , Nursing CareABSTRACT
Objetivo: estimar parámetros de calidad y de costos en el procedimiento de inserción de Catéter Venoso Central y el Catéter Venoso Central de inserción periférica. Metodología: Se evaluaron las historias de niños (edad 31 días -15 años ), que ingresaron al Hospital Universitario del Valle, entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2014, que requirieron canalización de una vena central. Se evaluaron variables demográficas, de calidad y se estimaron costos de ambos procedimientos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 100 procedimientos de inserción Central y 100 de inserción periférica, los últimos tuvieron menor tiempo de espera, se realizaron en la habitación, no requirieron ayuno, ni traslado al quirófano, a un menor costo, lo cual impactó la oportunidad de administración de tratamiento farmacológico, la evolución y la estancia hospitalaria. Conclusiones: Se recomienda que el procedimiento de inserción periférica sea la primera elección en niños que requieran tratamientos endovenosos mayores a cinco días, para esto es necesario conformar un grupo que supervise el funcionamiento de los catéteres y brinde educación continua al personal de salud de los servicios de hospitalización y a familiares, contar con una sala de procedimiento para la inserción del PICC que brinde seguridad y adecuado manejo del dolor.
Aim: to estimate quality and cost parameters of central venous catheter insertion peripheral and central venous catheter procedures. Methods: we reviewed records of 200 children (31 days - years old), hospitalised at a University Hospital between January 2011 and December 2014 who required central vein access. We assessed demographic, quality variables and cost of both procedures. Results: we reviewed records of 100 central insertion and 100 peripheral insertion procedures. Peripheral insertions had less waiting time, were conducted next to the child's bed, without need for fasting or transfering to the operating room, at a lower cost, all of these ensured timely administration of medicaments and nutrition, which resulted in lower stance time. The peripheral insertion also freed surgeon and operating room time to perform other interventions. Conclusions: We recommend that peripheral insertion procedure should be the first choice in children requiring intravenous treatments longer than five days. In order to establish a periferal insertion procedure in a hospital, a team is required to follow-up the patients and provide continuing education to health personnel in services and to family members, there is also a need for an appropiate space for insertion procedures and pain management.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Health Care Costs , Colombia , Day Care, Medical/economics , Catheters , Catheters/statistics & numerical data , Central Venous CathetersABSTRACT
Resumen: Objetivo general: Determinar la incidencia de la trombosis venosa (TV) e infección asociada con el catéter central de inserción periférica (PICC). Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, replicativo y descriptivo, cuya duración fue de 38 meses. Los catéteres centrales de inserción periférica se colocaron por el Servicio de Radiología Intervencionista con la misma técnica en las extremidades superiores. Se guardó una imagen del procedimiento con el nombre y diámetro de la vena usada. En el estudio se incluyó a partir del primer catéter PICC colocado en marzo de 2015 hasta el último en abril de 2018. Se registraron las trombosis venosas demostradas por ultrasonido Doppler, la duración del catéter y las bacteriemias relacionadas con el PICC (BRC-PICC). Resultados: Se colocaron 448 PICC y, de éstos, se excluyeron 78. Los 370 catéteres restantes sumaron 3,363 días-catéter. El 99.45% de los procedimientos resultaron exitosos. La incidencia de trombosis encontrada fue de 0.016% (n = 6) y la de infección de 0.03% (n = 12). El vaso más frecuentemente utilizado fue la vena basílica derecha. Conclusiones: La incidencia tanto de trombosis como de infección se mantiene por debajo de las reportadas en la literatura. Las venas mayores a 3.8 mm de diámetro tienen una probabilidad muy baja de presentar trombosis venosa.
Abstract: Objective: To determine the incidence of venous thrombosis (VT) and infection associated with PICC lines. Material and methods: A retrospective, replicative and descriptive study was conducted over 38 months. The PICC line was inserted in the upper extremities by the Interventional Radiology Service with the same technique. An image of the procedure with the name and diameter of the selected vein was saved. Venous thrombosis, demonstrated by Doppler ultrasound, the duration of the catheter and bacteremia related to the PICC line (BRC-PICC) were recorded. Results: 448 PICCs were placed and 78 were excluded. The remaining 370 catheters added 3,363 catheter days. 99.45% of the procedures were technically successful. The incidence of thrombosis was 0.016% (n = 6) and that of infection 0.03% (n = 12). The most frequently selected vessel was the right basilic vein. Conclusions: The incidence of thrombosis and infection were below the reported in the literature. Veins greater than 3.8 mm have a very low probability of having TV.
Resumo: Objetivo: Determinar a incidência de trombose venosa (TV) e infecção associada ao PICC. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo, replicativo e descritivo, durante 38 meses. Os cateteres PICC foram colocados nas extremidades superiores pelo serviço de Radiologia Intervencionista com a mesma técnica. Guardou-se uma imagem do procedimento com o nome e o diâmetro da veia utilizada. Incluíu-se desde o primeiro cateter PICC colocado em março de 2015 até abril de 2018. Registraram-se as tromboses venosas por ultrassom Doppler, duração do cateter e bacteremias relacionadas ao PICC (BRC-PICC). Resultados: Colocaram-se 448 PICC e foram excluídos 78. Os 370 cateteres restantes somaram 3363 dias de cateter. 99.45% dos procedimentos foram bem sucedidos. A incidência de trombose encontrada foi de 0.016% (n = 6) e a de infecção de 0.03% (n = 12). O vaso mais utilizado foi a veia basílica direita. Conclusões: A incidência de trombose e infecção permanece abaixo da relatada na literatura. Veias com diâmetro superior a 3.8 mm têm uma probabilidade muito baixa de apresentar trombose venosa.
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Resumen Objetivo: Determinar los costos por recolocación de catéter central de inserción periférica (PICC) por complicaciones mecánicas en neonatos de un hospital de tercer nivel. Material y métodos: Estudio de análisis de costos de recolocación de catéter central de inserción periférica en el área de cuidados intensivos neonatales de un hospital de tercer nivel de Tabasco durante el año 2016. Para el cálculo de costos se elaboró un modelo de costeo adaptado del sistema ABC para ser aplicable en un hospital; se diseñó la fórmula: a + b + c + d + e. Para obtener el costo total de recolocación de PICC; donde a= Costo servicio personal por procedimiento para reparación del Evento Adverso X número de trabajadores participantes, b = Insumo requerido para reparar el Evento Adverso, c = Costo por auxiliar diagnóstico (USG, Tomografia, Rayos X, Labs.), d = Costo medicamento y material de curación utilizado por Evento Adverso, e = Número dia estancia en UCIN X costo D-C-O en UCIN. Resultados: Se revisaron 43 expedientes clínicos obtenidos de la base de datos del programa SICALIDAD del hospital; se identificaron 22 casos de ruptura de PICC, 20 casos por obstrucción, 1 caso por retiro accidental. Conclusiones: El costo derivado de las 22 recolocaciones fue de $1,512,248.56 afectando los recursos financieros del hospital. Se observó una cadena de procedimientos e intervenciones altamente generadores de costos.
Abstract Object: To determine the costs of repositioning peripheral central insertion catheter (PICC) due to mechanical complications in neonates of a tertiary hospital. Materials and methods: Cost analysis study of peripherally inserted central catheter in the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary hospital in Tabasco during 2016. To obtain the total cost of repositioning PICC; where a = Cost of personal service by procedure for repairing the Adverse Event X number of participating workers, b = Input required to repair the Adverse Event, c = Cost per diagnostic assistant (USG, Tomography, X-ray, Labs.), d = Medication cost and healing material used by Adverse Event, e = Day number stay in NICU X cost D-C-O in NICU. Results: 43 clinical files were reviewed obtained from the database of the SICALIDAD program of the hospital; we identified 22 cases of PICC rupture, 20 cases due to obstruction, 1 case due to accidental withdrawal. Conclusions: The cost derived from the 22 relocations was $ 1,512,248.56 (Mexican pesos), affecting the financial resources of the hospital. A chain of highly cost-generating procedures and interventions was observed.
Resumo Objetivo: Determinar os custos do recolocação do cateter central de inserjao periférica (PICC) devido a complicares mecânicas em neonatos de um hospital de terceiro nível. Materiais e métodos: Estudo sobre o custo do recolocação de um cateter central inserido perifericamente na área de cuidados intensivos neonatais de um hospital terciário em Tabasco durante o ano de 2016. Para o cálculo dos custos, foi desenvolvido um modelo de cálculo de custos adaptado do sistema ABC para ser aplicado num hospital; com a seguinte fórmula: a + b + c + d + e. Para obter o custo total do reposicionamento da PICC; onde a = custo com os profissionais de saúde por procedimento para reparar o evento adverso X número de trabalhadores participantes, b = entrada necessária para reparar o evento adverso, c = custo por exame auxiliar de diagnóstico (USG, tomografia, raios-X, laboratórios), d = custo do material e tratamento usado pelo Evento Adverso, e = Número de dias nas UCIN's X custam DCO em UCIN. Resultados: Revisou-se 43 registos clínicos obtidos no banco de dados do programa SICALIDAD do hospital; Identificou-se 22 casos de ruptura de PICC, 20 casos de obstrução, 1 caso de remojao acidental. Conclusões: O custo derivado das 22 recolocajoes foi de US $ 1.512.248,56, o que prejudicou os recursos financeiros do hospital. Observou-se uma série de procedimentos e de intervenções altamente geradores de custos.
Résumé Objectif: Déterminer les coüts de repositionnement du cathéter central á insertion périphérique (PICC) par des complications mécaniques chez les nouveau-nés d'un hopital tertiaire. Matériaux et méthodes: Étude de l'analyse des coüts de la relocalisation de cathéter central á insertion périphérique dans l'unité de soins intensifs néonatals dans un hopital tertiaire á Tabasco en 2016. Pour le calcul des coüts un modéle d'établissement des coüts adapté du systéme ABC a été élaboré pour étre applicable dans un hopital : la formule a été conjue: a + b + c + d + e. Pour obtenir le coüt total du repositionnement du PICC; ou a = Coüt du service personnel par procédure pour la réparation du nombre d'événements indésirables X des travailleurs participants, b = entrée nécessaire pour réparer l'événement indésirable, c = Coüt par assistant de diagnostic (USG, Tomographie, X-Ray, Labs.), d = coüt des médicaments et matériel de guérison utilisé par l'événement indésirable, e = Le nombre de jours reste dans l'USIN X coüte D-C-O dans l'USIN. Résultats: 43 dossiers cliniques ont été examinés obtenu á partir de la base de données du programme SICALIDAD de l'hopital; nous avons identifié 22 cas de rupture de PICC, 20 cas dus á une obstruction, 1 cas dü á un retrait accidentel. Conclusion: Le coüt des 22 réinstallations s'est élevé á 1 512 248,46 $, ce qui a eu une incidence sur les ressources financiéres de l'hópital. Une chame de procédures et d'interventions trés coüteuses a été observée.
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Objective To detect the effect of the ball compressor method to prevent jugular vein malposition in peripherally inserted central catheter insertion (PICC). Methods Convenient sampling method was used to recruit 1 358 patients with PICC insertions during October 2017 to September 2018 in Second affiliated hospital Zhejiang University, school of medicine. 681 were included in experimental group, and 677 patients were included in control group. The control group used traditional turning head to the PICC insertion side or fingers compression to block the entrance of jugular vein to prevent jugular vein malposition in control group. While in experimental group, rugby- shape ball compression were used to block jugular vein to reduce jugular vein malposition. The rate of jugular vein malposition in the first try of catheterization was calculated in both groups. Results The rate of jugular vein malposition in the first try of catheterization was 19.1% (130/681) in experimental group and 23.5% (159/677) in control group respectively. There is statistically significant difference between two groups (χ2=3.917, P=0.047 8). Conclusion Rugby- shape ball compression could reduce jugular vein malposition in the first try of catheterization effectively.
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PURPOSE: Ensuring the stability of central venous catheter placement for treating patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit is very important. Although PICC requires an ultrasound and fluoroscopy machine, it is difficult to use a fluoroscopy machine for PICC insertion in the intensive care unit. This study analyzed the cases of the insertion of a PICC under ultrasonic guidance at the bedsides in the intensive care unit to determine the usefulness of PICC in the intensive care unit. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients hospitalized in the surgical intensive care unit and received PICC using ultrasonography at their bedsides from October 2015 to January 2018. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty patients were collected. The number of successful PICCs stood at 105 patients, which was equal to 87.5%. Among them, 65 and 55 cases had left and right insertion, respectively; the corresponding success rate was 81.8%, and 92.3%. No statistically significant difference in success rates was observed between the left and right, as well as in the success rates depending on the presence of shock, sepsis, acute kidney injury, and mechanical ventilation. In the failed 15 cases, seven cases were due to the course of the procedure and eight cases were confirmed have been malpositioned after insertion. CONCLUSION: PICC at the bedside in an intensive care unit is a safe method for central venous catheterization without severe complications and death. The insertion sites, left or right, are equally acceptable. Further study of the cases of malposition will be necessary.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Kidney Injury , Catheterization , Catheterization, Central Venous , Catheters , Central Venous Catheters , Critical Care , Critical Illness , Fluoroscopy , Intensive Care Units , Methods , Respiration, Artificial , Retrospective Studies , Sepsis , Shock , Ultrasonics , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the effects on reduction of peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis by hand grip exercise. Methods A detailed search was performed to identify literature about the impact of handgrip exercise on peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis, using the Cochrane Library and the databases of PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, CNKI, WanFang and CBM. The meta-analysis or descriptive review were performed after two authors in-dependently searching databases,extracting data and assessing quality of included studies. Results Seven RCTs were included in a total of 789 patients. Meta-analysis showed the effectiveness of handgrip exercise on reduction of peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis ( RR=0.27, 95% CI 0.17-0.42, P＜0.01); and improving vein maximum velocity ( WMD=6.53, 95% CI 3.34-9.73, P＜0.01) and time-mean flow velocity ( WMD=6.05, 95% CI 3.24-8.87, P＜0.01). Conclusions Handgrip exercise can improve axillary vein blood flow parameters and reduce peripherally inserted central catheter-related venous thrombosis. Due to a small number of included studies and heterogeneity of indicators,multi-centered,high-quality RCTs with large sample size are needed in the future to assess the effect of handgrip exercise in PICC patients.