Establishing Cephalometric Norms For Coastal Andhra Children With Steiner’s Analysis

The purpose of this study was to establish Cephalometric norms for Coastal Andhra school going children by Steiner analysis and compare with Caucasian norms. The method involved clinical examination, collection and analysis of 100 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Vijayawada children (70 males and 30 females, between 12 and 14 years of age). All cephalometric landmarks were located and tracing was done according to Steiner analysis. The mean value and standard deviation of each measurement were calculated. Statistical comparison was done using Student t-test. The result of this study showed that the Vijayawada children had retrusion of mandible relative to cranial base, proclination of bothmaxillary and mandibular teeth, showed greater convexity of face, with anteriorly placed occlusal plane to cranium and less prominent chin. In conclusion,all these ethnic differences should be considered during orthodontic treatment.

Craniomaxillofacial Images Analysis of Children with Ectodermal Dysplasia / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

[Objective]To study the dental status,the development of jaw and the size of sella turcica of children with ectoder-mal dysplasia(ED).[Methods]Panaramic radiography and lateral cephalograms of six ED individuals(age range of 6~7 years,five males and one female)were obtained. The dental status was record. 17 measurements about the jaws and the sella turcica were mea-sured and compare them to Chinese children without ED syndrome.[Results]The mean number of missing teeth was 22.3 in perma-nent dentition and 16.2 in primary dentition;The teeth that most likely to absent were permanent lateral incisor ,maxillary first premo-lar,maxillary primary lateral incisor and mandibular primary central incisor,and all remaining teeth are in conical shape. Lateral cephalometric measurements showed that all ED subjects had lower ANS-Ptm,which suggested a short maxilla. Low Co-Po,ANB, NA-PA,N-Me,N-ANS and ANS-Me values that were found in all subjects,as well as low SNA,Y-axis,MP-FH,S-Co,and high SNB,NP-FH,NP-FH that were noted in some subjects showed counterclockwise rotation and protrusion of mandible with short-er length in ED subjects. Some subjects had low ANS-Me/N-Me × 100%and high N-ANS/N-Me × 100%,representing a short facial height. Five cases represented lower length and diameter of sella turcica;two cases showed lower depth of sella turcica ,indicating the abnormal development of sella turcica.[Conclusion]The results of this study suggest that the dentition ,jaws and sella turcica in ED children differs when compared to individuals without this syndrome.

Study on Airway Size in Class III Malocclusion by the Gender / 체질인류학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of airway between skeletal Class III malocclusion according to gender and to analyze the relationship between airway size and oral maxillofacial position. The total of 40 study subjects was sampled by judgment sampling, who were under 1 degree ANB and who wanted orthognathic surgery. They were taken with lateral cephalometric radiograph and the photos were used for final analysis. The variables were calculated using mean and standard deviation, those were analyzed by independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. It was located forward than the female that was the measurements of frontal bone, maxilla, mandible, and mentum in the male. The laryngeal pharynx size of the hard and soft tissues was also longer than the female. It was not statistically significant that was the correlation between the variables and the oral pharynx size. However, the width of the laryngeal pharynx increased with male and mandibular protrusion, and it was increased with the position of the anterior of frontal bone, maxilla, and mentum. The variables affecting the airway size are the laryngeal pharynx width of the hard and soft tissue.

Clinical study on the rapid maxillary and mandibular expansion companied with fixed appliance / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To study the dental and skeletal changes after orthodontic treatment for malocclusion patients with rapid maxil-lary and mandibular expansion companied with fixed appliance.Methods:36 patients underwent the treatment with rapid maxillary and mandibular expansion companied with straight wire appliance.Pre-and post-treatment dental casts and lateral cephalometric radiographs were measured and compared.Results:After treatment,the maxillary and mandibular arch width perimeters increased(P 0.05).U1-SN and U1-NA decreased,L1-MP and L1-NB increased(P <0.05).Conclusion:Dental crowding can be solved effectively and occlusion re-lationship can be kept well with rapid maxillary and mandibular expansion companied with straight wire appliance without influence on the vertical skeletal relationship.

Proporção divina em indivíduos oclusões classes I, II e III esqueléticas em radiografias cefalométricas laterais / Proporción divina en pacientes con oclusión clases I, II y III esqueléticas en radiografías cefalométricas laterales / Divine proportion in patients with skeletal occlusion classes I, II and III on lateral cephalometric radiographs

Introdução: o conceito inicial de beleza remete a um conjunto que engloba harmonia e equilíbrio das proporções faciais estabelecidas pelas estruturas esqueléticas, dentárias e de tecidos moles. Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi analisara proporção divina em radiografias cefalométricas laterais de 93 indivíduos brasileiros adultos, acima de 18 anos, de ambos os gêneros, com classes I, II e III esqueléticas, não submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico, por meio do software de cefalometria Aurea Ceph. Métodos: para análise estatística, foi aplicada a análise de variância ANOVA, teste Tukey e T de Studentem nível de significância de 5 porcento. Resultados: das sete razões estudadas, quando se avaliou as classes, evidenciou-se diferença estatisticamente significante entre a relação (N-Ena/V1S-DM16) nas classes I e III eas relações (A-Pog/V1-C1MS e A-Pog/V1S-MD16) nas classes II e III. Quando se comparou as razões nas diferentes classes em relação ao número áureo (1 618) houve diferença estatisticamente significante na classe I para as razões (N-Ena/V1S-DM16, V1S-C1MS/C1MS-DM16 e Ena-Me/AB); na classe II para as razões (A-Pog/V1-C1MS e A-Pog/V1S-MD16); e na classe III para as razões (N-Ena/V1S-DM16, Ena-Enp/V1S-C1MS, V1S-C1MS/C1MS-DM16 e Ena-Me/AB). Conclusões: de acordo com a metodologia empregada e os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que das sete razões analisadas, a classe I apresentou três razões divinas, a classe II duas e a classe III quatro. O grupo classe II apresentou razões divinas com componente dentário e medidas verticais, sugerindo que a magnitude do erro sagital é importante no conceito da estética facial(AU)

Introducción: el concepto inicial de la belleza se refiere a un conjunto con la armonía y el equilibrio de las proporciones faciales establecidos por el tejido óseo, dental y suave. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la divina proporción en las radiografías cefalométricas de 93 individuos brasileños adultos, de 18 años, de uno y otro géneros, con las clases I, II y III del esqueleto, y no sometidos a un tratamiento de ortodoncia por medio de software de cefalometría Áurea Ceph". Métodos: el análisis estadístico se aplicó al análisis de varianza ANOVA, prueba de Tukey y prueba t de Student. El nivel de significación fue de 5 por ciento. Resultados: de los siete ratios estudiados, hubo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre las proporciones al comparar las clases en (N-Ena/V1S-DM16) clases I y III y (A-Pog/V1-C1MS, A-Pog/V1S-MD16) clases II y III. Cuando se comparó con las proporciones en las diferentes clases en relación con el número de oro (1 618), hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la clase I para las (N-Ena/V1S-DM16, razones V1S-C1MS/C1MS-DM16, Ena-Me/AB), y en clase II de (A-Pog/V1-C1MS razones, A-Pog/V1S-MD16) y clase III para los (N-Ena/V1S-DM16 razones, Ena-Enp/V1S-C1MS, V1S-C1MS/C1MS-DM16, Ena-Me/AB). Conclusiones: de acuerdo con la metodología utilizada y los resultados obtenidos, se concluyó que en siete de las razones expuestas, la clase que tenía tres razones áureas se observó en dos y cuatro, clase II a clase III. El grupo de clase II fueron razones áureas con componente dental y horizontal, lo que sugiere que la magnitud del error es importante en el concepto de estética facial sagital. El grupo de clase II fueron razones áureas con componente dental y medidas verticales, y también sugiere que la magnitud del error es importante en el concepto de estética facial sagital(AU)

Introduction: the original concept of beauty refers to a set of harmony and balance features determined by bone, dental and soft tissue. Objective: the purpose of this study was to analyze divine proportion as reflected on cephalometric radiographs of 93 Brazilian subjects of both sexes aged 18 with skeletal classes I, II and III, not undergoing orthodontic treatment. The analysis was based on cephalometric software Aurea Ceph. Methods: statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA, Tukey's test and Student's t test. The significance level was 5 percent. Results: the seven ratios studied showed a statistically significant difference between proportions when comparing (N-Ena/V1S-DM16) classes I and III, and (A-Pog/V1-C1MS, A-Pog/V1S-MD16) classes II and III. When proportions in the different classes were compared with the golden number (1 618), a statistically significant difference was found in class I for (N-Ena/V1S-DM16, V1S-C1MS/C1MS-DM16, Ena-Me/AB), in class II for (A-Pog/V1-C1MS, A-Pog/V1S-MD16) and in class III for (N-Ena/V1S-DM16, Ena-Enp/V1S-C1MS, V1S-C1MS/C1MS-DM16, Ena-Me/AB). Conclusions: based on the methodology used and the results obtained, it was concluded that in seven of the ratios presented, the class with three golden ratios was found in two and four, class II to class III. The class II group were golden ratios with a dental and horizontal component, suggesting that the magnitude of the error is relevant to the concept of sagittal facial aesthetics. The class II group were golden ratios with a dental component and vertical measurements, also suggesting that the magnitude of the error is relevant to the concept of sagittal facial aesthetics(AU)

Utility of lead thyroid collar in cephalometric radiography.

Objective: To investigate whether the application of thyroid collars (TCs) affects the results of cephalometric study. Study Design: The Steiner cephalometric analysis of the patients was performed using lateral cephalometric radiographs, which were taken twice for each patient: Once using TCs (TC group; n0 = 50) and once without using TCs (NTC group; n = 50). A randomized and observer-blinded diagnostic study with head films taken from the two aforementioned groups was performed and results were evaluated with the t-test and Z-test, using GraphPad® Prism 4 software. Results : Statistical analysis using t-test was performed. The values of the line angles used in Steiner cephalometric analysis were compared for which values of each angle remained unchanged when done using TCs and without TC to the same samples. Conclusions : Lead shielding of the thyroid gland does not affect landmark identification or the specific measurements of the angulations traced during cephalometric analysis. TCs should be routinely applied during cephalometric radiography if cephalometric analyses are limited to the structures above the second cervical vertebra.

Comparação entre a radiografia de cavum e a cefalométrica de perfil na avaliação da nasofaringe e das adenoides por otorrinolaringologistas / Comparison between cavum and lateral cephalometric radiographs for the evaluation of the nasopharynx and adenoids by otorhinolaryngologists

INTRODUÇÃO: tanto a radiografia cefalométrica de perfil quanto a de cavum permitem a avaliação do espaço aéreo nasofaríngeo (EAN). Não é rara a solicitação dos otorrinolaringologistas de radiografia de cavum, mesmo o paciente possuindo uma cefalométrica. OBJETIVOS: objetivou-se (a) conhecer quais exames os otorrinolaringologistas solicitam para avaliar o EAN; (b) verificar o conhecimento da cefalométrica por otorrinolaringologistas; (c) comparar a avaliação de otorrinolaringologistas nas duas técnicas radiográficas para a medição e a visualização do EAN e da adenoide; (d) correlacionar os resultados do método de inspeção visual com os da medição de Schulhof. MÉTODOS: foram obtidas, no mesmo dia, radiografias cefalométricas e de cavum de 15 pacientes respiradores bucais. Essas foram cobertas com papel cartão, deixando visível apenas o EAN e adenoides e foram avaliadas por 12 otorrinolaringologistas. Estes respondiam sobre sua familiaridade com a cefalométrica, quais exames solicitam para visualizar EAN e adenoides e se utilizam algum método de medição do grau de obstrução. Avaliavam qual das radiografias apresentava a melhor visualização da adenoide e do EAN, e classificavam o tamanho dos mesmos em pequeno, médio ou grande, através de método visual. RESULTADOS: os resultados demonstraram que todos os otorrinolaringologistas costumam solicitar a radiografia de cavum. Apenas um solicita a cefalométrica, dois estão familiarizados com essa técnica e um utiliza algum método de medição do EAN. A cefalométrica foi preferida por 49,4 por cento dos otorrinolaringologistas, a de cavum por 22,8 por cento, enquanto 27,8 por cento não observaram diferença entre ambas. Foi encontrada baixa correlação entre o método de medição visual e o de Schulhof.

INTRODUCTION: The lateral cephalometric as well as the cavum radiograph allow the evaluation of the nasopharyngeal airway (NAW). Otorhinolaryngologists routinely use the cavum radiograph, even when the patient already has a lateral cephalometric headfilm. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to (a) acknowledge which exams otorhinolaryngologists use for the evaluation and measurement of the NAW; (b) evaluate if the otorhinolaryngologists are acquainted to the cephalometric; (c) compare both radiographs to see which one is preferred to visualize the NAW and adenoids and (d) correlate the visual analysis to the measuring method of Schulhof. METHODS: For this purpose, the cephalometric and the cavum radiographs of 15 mouth-breathing children were taken on the same day. These radiographs were masked leaving only the NAW and the adenoids visible, and were blindly presented to 12 otorhinolaryngologists. They received the radiographs together with a questionnaire asking on their familiarity with the lateral cephalometric, which exams are used for NAW and adenoid evaluation and if they use any method for measuring the NAW obstruction level. They were also asked to visually classify the NAW and the adenoids according to their sizes into small, medium and large. RESULTS: The results demonstrated that all otorhinolaryngologists in the sample use the cavum radiograph. Only one uses the cephalometric radiograph and two are familiar to this technique. The cephalometric was preferred by 49.4 percent of the otorhinolaryngologists, the cavum by 22.8 percent and 27.8 percent did not see any difference between both methods. There was low correlation between the visual method and the Schulhof measuring method.

Comparison of palatal bone thickness between 3D model and lateral cephalometric radiograph / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the bone thickness of the palate between lateral cephalogram and 3D model measurements. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 30 adults (15 men,15 women) with a normal skeletal pattern and occlusion. The CT images were transformed to a 3D model, and were compared with the cephalometric image. Descriptive statistics for each variable were calculated. RESULTS: In the 3D CT model, the mid-palatal area was the thickest part. It became thinner as the palate tapered laterally. In the male group, the thinnest portion was positioned 6 mm away from the mid-palate, while in the female group the thinnest portion was 8mm away from the mid-palate. Correlation analysis between the lateral cephalometric and 3D CT model revealed a significant correlation except in the mid palatal area and the area 2 mm lateral to the mid-palate in men, whereas there was a significant relationship in every area in the women. In both men and women, the highest correlation appeared in the area 8 mm lateral to the mid palate. CONCLUSIONS: Using regression analysis, an actual prediction of the bone thickness between the measured bone thickness of the lateral cephalometric radiograph and 3D model was made. This will provide useful information for mini-implant length selection when inserting into the palate.

The relationship between nasopharyngeal tonsil size and laboratory markers in children infected with HIV / Relação entre tamanho da tonsila faríngea e marcadores laboratoriais em crianças infectadas por HIV

Purpose: The enlargement of nasopharyngeal tonsils, which leads to nasal obstruction and subsequent mouth breathing, can be caused by the presence of HIV. The aim of this research was to study nasopharyngeal tonsil sizes in HIV-infected children ranging from 6 to 13 years and to relate these findings to CD4+ T-cell counts and viral loads. Methods: Sixty children with HIV (mean age: 9 years and 8 months), infected by vertical transmission, had the sizes of their nasopharynx measured using lateral cephalometric radiographs, specifically focusing on the anatomical areas occupied by the nasopharyngeal tonsils. The children’s medical records were analyzed to assess information about TCD4+ lymphocyte count (%) and viral loads (log10). Results: The mean value for the nasopharyngeal tonsil size percentage was 70.37%±14.07%.All of the children showed moderate or accentuated hypertrophy of nasopharyngeal tonsils. The average percentage of CD4+ T-cells among the 60 HIV-infected children was 35.01%±10.76%, whereas the mean value for the viral load was 3.35±1.08 log10. Conclusion: There was no association between the size percentages of the nasopharyngeal tonsils (calculated against overall nasopharynx sizes) and CD4+ T-cell percentage (r=-0.0136; P=0.298) or the viral load log10 (r=-0.033; P=0.805).

Objetivo: A presença do HIV na tonsila faríngea pode causar seu aumento de volume, ocasionando obstrução nasal e, consequentemente, respiração bucal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o tamanho da tonsila faríngea em crianças infectadas pelo HIV por transmissão vertical, de 6 a 13 anos de idade, relacionando-a com a contagem de células T-CD4+ e carga viral (log10).Metodologia: Sessenta crianças HIV positivo (idade média: 9 anos e 8 meses), infectadas por transmissão vertical, tiveram o tamanho da tonsila faríngea mensurado na radiografia cefalométrica lateral da face. Os prontuários das crianças foram analisados para buscar os dados de contagem de linfócitos T-CD4+ (%) e carga viral (log10). Resultados: A média do tamanho da tonsila faríngea foi de 70,37%±14,07%. As crianças apresentaram hipertrofia da tonsila faríngea considerada moderada ou acentuada. A porcentagem média de linfócitos T-CD4+ nas 60 crianças foi de 35,01%±10,76% e a média da carga viral foi de 3,35±1,08 log10. Conclusão: Não foi comprovada relação entre o tamanho da tonsila faríngea com a porcentagem de linfócitos T-CD4+ (r=-0,0136; P=0,298) e com a carga viral (r=-0,033; P=0,805).

Comparison of measurements from digital cephalometric radiographs and 3D MDCT-synthetized cephalometric radiographs and the effect of head position / 대한구강악안면방사선학회지

PURPOSE: To investigate the reproducibilities and compare the measurements in digital and MDCT-synthesized cephalometric radiograph, and to investigate the effect of head position on the measurement during imaging with MDCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two dry skulls (combined with mandible) were used in this study. Conventional digital cephalometric radiograph was taken in standard position, and MDCT was taken in standard position and two rotated position (10degrees left rotation and 10degrees right tilting). MDCT data were imported in OnDemand(R) and lateral cephalometric radiograph were synthesized from 3D virtual models. Two types of rotated MDCT data were synthesized with default mode and with corrected mode using both ear rods. For all six images, sixteen angular and eleven linear measurements were made in V-Ceph(R) three times. Reproducibility of measurements was assessed using repeated measures ANOVA and ICC. Linear and angular measurements were compared between digital and five MDCTsynthesized images by Student t-test. RESULTS: All measurements in six types of cephalometric radiograph were not statistically different under ICC examination. Measurements were not different between digital and MDCT-synthesized images (P>.05). Measurements in MDCT-synthesized image in 10degrees left rotation or 10degrees right tilting position showed possibility of difference from digital image in some measurements, and possibility of improvement via realignment of head position using both ear rods. CONCLUSION: MDCT-synthesized cephalometric radiograph can substitute conventional cephalometric radiograph. The error on head position during imaging with MDCT have possibility that can produce measurement errors with MDCT-synthesized image, and these position error can be corrected by realignment of the head position using both ear rods.

Comparison of analysis of the lateral cephalogram and analysis of lateral facial photograph / 대한치과교정학회지

Analysis of lateral cephalometric radiograph (cephalogram) has been used routinely to evaluate skeletal and dental relationships, but analysis of the lateral facial photograph has not been used frequently for evaluation of skeletal relationships. As concerns about harm of X-ray irradiation increases, this study was planned to evaluate the possibility of substituting analysis of the lateral cephalogram with analysis of the lateral facial photograph by comparing these two analyses. According to the ANB values from cephalometric analysis, subjects were divided into three groups: Class I malocclusion group (n = 32). Class II malocclusion group (n = 32), and Class III malocclusion group (n = 31). After measurements of angles indicating horizontal and vertical relationships of the maxilla and mandible on the lateral cephalograms and photographs, differences between Class I, II and III groups were evaluated. To evaluate the similarity between two similar values in the cephalograms and photographs, t-test using standardized variable Z and correlation analysis were performed in the Class I malocclusion group. The results showed that 1) SnN'Pg' on the photograph can be used to evaluate the antero-posterior relationship of the maxilla and mandible (ANB), 2) N'-Sn/Sn-Pg' on the photograph can be used to evaluate facial convexity (NA/APg), 3) Sn-Tra-Me' on the photograph can be used as a measurement similar to FMA. In conclusion, partly substituting lateral cephalogram analysis with lateral facial photograph analysis was possible in the evaluation of the maxilla and mandible.

Structural changes of upper airway in the patients with Angle Ⅱ~1 malocclusion treated by orthodontic appliance / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To study the structural changes of upper airway i n the patients with Angle Ⅱ 1 malocclusion treated by orthodontic appliance. Methods:12 patients with Angle Ⅱ 1 malocclusion caused by mout h breathing were treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME) of splint and Tip-E dge technology, the structure of upper airway was measured before and after trea tment,the data were analyzed. Results:After treatment PNS-Ba,SP P-SPPW,P-T,TB-TPPW,V-LPW,UC-LC and H-C3(hor) increased(P

A cephalometric study on changes of facial morphology in the frontal view following mandible setback surgery(bssro) in patients with skeletal class iii dentofacial deformities

0.05) postoperatively. 3. In the facial index, hard tissue decreased(0.23+/-2.21%), but soft tissue increased(2.41+/-3.46%) with statistical significance. CONCLUSION: One of the main purpose of orthognathic surgery is to achieve facial esthetics and harmony. In order to fullfill this purpose, it is important to carry out a precise presurgical treatment planning by estimating the changes of frontal profile after surgery.

A STUDY ON THE ANALYSIS OF THE CURVE OF SPEE ON THE GNATHOLOGICAL CAST AND THE CEPHALOMETRIC RADIOGRAPH / 대한치과보철학회지

Clinically, the curve of Spee is widely applied as a determined level of the occlusal curvature when the oral rehabilitation and the reconstruction of the prosthesis is needed at the malalignment dentition due to the missing, extrusion, and the inclination of the teeth. The purpose of this study was to analyze the curve of Spee of the occlusal curvature which influences to the occlusal form and the location three dimensionally, and then was to measure the radius and the degree of curvature of the curve of Spee and also was to investigate the influence to the cuspal inclination according to the change of the inclination of the curve of Spee which was analyzed by AutoCAD R.13 program at the gnathological cast and the cephalometric radiograph. The following results were obtained : 1. The radius of the curve of Spee was the mean of 11.74+/-3.64cm in the model, 12.75+/-4.63cm in the radiograph and there was no significant difference statistically between the model and the radiograph(P >0.001). 2. The radius and the degree of curvature of the curve of Spee showed negative correlation(r=-0.80), while the radius and the degree of curvature of the curve of Spee in relation to the length of the curve of Spee did not show correlation. 3. The case of the curve of Spee inclined to the posterior, that is, Post.Mtheta group showed the mean of 4.73+/-3.64 , positive cerrelation to the P2m, M1mm, M1dm, M2dm, and especially the greatest correlation coefficient to the mesial inclination angle of the mesio-buccal cusp tip of the first molar(r=0.70). 4. The case of the curve of Spee inclined to the anterior, that is, Ant.Mtheta group showed the mean of 3.28+/-3.59, positive cerrelation to the P2m, M1mm, and also the greatest correlation coefficient to the mesial inclination angle of the mesio-buccal cusp tip of the first molar(r=0.78)

Comparisons of measurements obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs and digigraphs of dolphin imaging system / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in measurements between cephalometric radiographs an digigraphs of Dolphin Imaging System. 26 Korean adult male and 24 adult female with normal occlusion were selected. For each subject lateral cephalogram was taken. Digitizing with Digigraph Work Station of Dolphin Imaging System was performed as well. 50 tracings and 50 digigraphs were analyzed with Yonsei, Ricketts, Burstone analyses. The comparable measurements between tracing group and digigraph group were statistically analyzed. The results were as follows: 1. 13 of 64 comparable measurements did not show any statistically significant difference (P>0.05) between tracing group and digigraph group. 2. Three of the measurements with FH plane as a reference plane did not show any statistically insignificant difference. All measurement with SN plane as a reference plane showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05) 3. The measurements which showed no statistically significant difference were mostly short distance linear measurements while most of the angular measurements showed statistically significant difference(p<0.05).

A study of the software on scheduling, diagnosis, growth and treatment analysis / 대한치과교정학회지

It is prerequisite of orthodontists to diagnose malocclusion correctly and make treatment plans accurately for treating maloccluded patients efficiently and earning more stable and better results. Recently computers were introduced in orthodontic diagnosis steps, which enabled orthodontists to get more precise diagnosis, to make more accurate treatment planning and to provide better orthodontic cares for more patients. The authors studied on the diagnostic analysis methods which have been used frequently in Korea and made a diagnostic computer program including the horizontal and/or vertical measurement of length, degrees and proportions in lateral cephalometric radiographs, the analysis of the skeletal and soft-tissue features and the evaluation of the treatment results. We also made a scheduling program for arrangement and management of patients. 40 skeletal and 24 soft-tissue landmarks were selected in a lateral cephalometric radiographs. The available analysis methods in this program are Angular analysis, Linear analysis, Ricketts analysis, Profilogram , Steiner analysis, Tweed analysis, MacNamara analysis, Open bite analysis, Kim's diagnosis, Skeleto-dental cephalometric analysis and Height & weight analysis. We suggested that this diagnostic computer program make it possible for orthodontists to get more rapid and accurate diagnostic analysis and treatment planning and for patient to earn better and more efficient orthodontic service.